The document discusses the key aspects of human rights. It defines human rights as inherent to all humans regardless of attributes and outlines several categories of rights including civil, political, economic, social, cultural, and collective rights. It then lists 10 basic human rights: the right to life, freedom from torture, equal treatment under the law, privacy, asylum, marriage and family, freedom of thought/religion/expression, work, education, and social services. For each right, it provides 1-4 brief descriptions or definitions. The document serves to outline and define the most fundamental human rights.

1. Human Rights
Prepared By
Ujjewal Uranw
(7th semester PUSHS)

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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

3. Human Right
• Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings,
whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex,
national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language,
or any other status.
• We are all equally entitled to our human rights
without discrimination.
• These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and
indivisible. 3
Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

4. There are a variety of human rights, including:
• Civil rights (such as the rights to life, liberty and security),
• Political rights (like rights to the protection of the law and equality before the
law),
• Economic rights (including rights to work, to own property and to receive
equal pay),
• Social rights (like rights to education and consenting marriages),
• Cultural rights (including the right to freely participate in their cultural
community), and
• Collective rights (like the right to self-determination).
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

5. List of Basic human Rights:
1. The right to life
2. The right to freedom from torture and inhumane treatment
3. The right to equal treatment before the law
4. The right to privacy
5. The right to asylum
6. The right to marry and have family
7. The right to freedom of thought, religion, opinion, and expression
8. The right to work
9. The right to education
10. The right to social services
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6. 1. The right to life
1. This right means that no one – including individuals
and the government- can kill you.
2. Because it is the government’s responsibility to protect
human rights, they must create laws that safe-guard
human life and protect you if your life is in danger.
3. The right to life is often invoked in discussions
surrounding war, police brutality, capital punishment,
and self-defense.
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7. 2. The right to freedom from torture and
inhumane treatment
1. This right is one of the “negative” rights in the UDHR, which means
freedom from something.
2. It states that no one should be subject to “torture or to cruel, inhuman, or
degrading treatment or punishment.”
3. This applies to medical and scientific experimentation, meaning that no
one should be subjected to it without consent.
4. The UDHR specifically says that the government needs to protect people
with disabilities because they are at an increased risk for degrading
treatment.
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

8. 3. The right to equal treatment before the law
1. The right to equal protection, which is present in documents
like the US Constitution, means that individuals must be treated
the same as others in similar conditions.
2. Different treatment under the law based on things like race or
gender violates a person’s human rights.
3. In the UDHR, equal protection is described in Article 7: “All
are equal before the law and are entitled without any
discrimination to equal protection of the law.”
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9. 4. The right to privacy
A. Over 150 national constitutions include the right to privacy.
B. It protects citizens from government or corporate over reach and
surveillance.
C. In Article 12 of the UDHR, this right is described as freedom from
“arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home, or
correspondence.”
D. The right to privacy frequently comes in discussions on advancements in
technology, the power of intelligence agencies when dealing with
terrorism, and data collection from organizations like Facebook and
Google.
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

10. 5. The right to asylum
• This is a very old right that dates back to ancient times. It often
had a religious component.
• Churches were allowed to protect anyone – even criminals – who
sought refuge in a church or on church property.
• Today, the right to asylum protects people fleeing their home
countries because of persecution.
• It’s listed in the UDHR, as well as the 1951 Convention Relating
to the Status of Refugees.
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

11. 6. The right to marry and have family
• This right states that everyone of “full age without any
limitation due to race, nationality, or religion” has the right to
get married and start a family.
• Both people in the marriage must also give their free and full
consent.
• No one has the right to marry someone who doesn’t consent.
• The right to marry is not an absolute right, which means that it’s
subject to national laws that make certain marriages (like a
marriage between close relatives) illegal.
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

12. 7. The right to freedom of thought, religion, opinion, and
expression
• Everyone has the right to hold opinions, follow a religion, and
change their beliefs.
• This applies to both individual practice or within a community.
• The right also protects a person’s right to “seek, receive and
impart information and ideas through any media.”
• In many countries, “freedom of expression” or “freedom of
speech” is considered the most important right.
• What counts as “protected speech” is frequently debated.
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13. 8. The right to work
• This right encompasses a variety of work-related concerns.
• Everyone has the right to work, but they also have the right to
“favorable conditions” and protection against unemployment.
• People must also receive equal pay for equal work, as well as the
right to form and join trade unions.
• “Equal pay for equal work” remains a big issue around the world
and intersects with discrimination based on gender and race.
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14. 9. The right to education
• All human rights are interdependent, but many consider the right to
education a top priority for the world.
• The UDHR states that education must be free through elementary
school.
• Later education, as well as technical and professional education, should
be available and accessible.
• The United States, where student debt is a massive problem, has issues
with the accessibility of its higher education system.
• Globally, women and girls still face significant barriers to their
education.
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Human Rights (Ujjwal Uranw)

15. 10. The right to social services
• “Social services” ensure that everyone has a certain standard
of living.
• Article 25 in the UDHR defines this standard as “adequate” for
the well-being and health of an individual and their family.
• That includes clothing, housing, food, water, medical care, and
security in case someone is unable to earn money due to
illness, unemployment, etc.
• While “universal healthcare” does not appear in the UDHR,
people use Article 25 to support this goal.
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16. Reference
• https://www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/examples-
of-human-rights/
• http://www.endslaverynow.org/act/educate/human-rights-
and-slavery
• https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-
human-rights
• https://www.slideshare.net/jaineeljd007/human-rights-
70245500
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