Approaches and Techniques for Managing Human-Elephant Conflicts in Western Se...Isaac Yohana Chamba
A research proposal for a Research project for completion of Master degree of Science in Ecosystems science and Management of Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) for academic years 2016-2018. The research tries to find and come up with a new thinking in the management of Human-elephant conflicts for better and sustainable management of socio-ecological systems in Ikorongo-Grumeti Game Reserves, other protected areas within Tanzania and outside the country having similar problems. The project is funded by Singita Grumeti Fund (SGF) - 2017.
Strategies adopted to mitigate Human–Elephant Conflict (HEC) in and around Ke...KVASU
Elephants are among the flagship species of conservation. They live in a variety of habitats and landscapes. Apart from that, elephants were also kept in captivity. Only about 20 per cent of the elephant’s range lies in national parks and sanctuaries. With forests thinning out, the rest 80 per cent of the elephants in most parts of the country have dispersed into areas with high density of human population. HEC forms a grave threat for both sides i.e. animals as well as humans. Reports pointed out that around 300 people were killed annually in India due to human elephant conflicts. The common causes for this includes crop raiding which was the result of habitat loss and forest fragmentation due to human intrusion. It was reported that around 40-50 elephants were killed during crop raiding in India. Another contributor to it is lethal retaliation against elephants. It was reported that more than 60 elephants were found dead in retaliation incidents in North East India and Sumatra in 2001, which was poisoned by the plantation workers. The conflict intensifies when people try to chase away the animals with searchlights, crackers or guns, making the pachyderms even more aggressive.
This document summarizes human-wildlife conflict in the region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It defines human-wildlife conflict and introduces increasing issues with leopards, snakes, and rodents. The main causes of conflict are habitat loss, agricultural practices, insufficient prey, and poverty. Specific data is provided on livestock killed by leopards in the Machiara National Park region from 2013 and in Pir Lasora National Park from 2010. The document concludes by listing several references used in the report.
This document presents information on human-wildlife conflicts from a presentation by Saisikan Patra. It defines human-wildlife conflict as the negative interaction between wild animals and people that impacts both. Such conflicts occur when human and wildlife territories overlap, reducing resources for both. Examples of conflicts provided include crop damage, livestock deaths, and human injuries or deaths from various wildlife species around the world. Causes of conflicts include habitat loss and decline of wildlife prey. Solutions proposed focus on improving wildlife habitats, changing agricultural practices, and increasing awareness of human-wildlife coexistence.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
Silvicultural systems are methods of harvesting, regenerating, and tending forests. The two main types are high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems regenerate from seedlings and have long rotations, while coppice systems regenerate from stumps and have short rotations. Some common high forest systems include clearfelling, seed tree, shelterwood, and selection systems. Clearfelling removes the entire mature crop at once, while shelterwood and seed tree methods remove trees gradually to allow for natural regeneration under shelter. Selection systems involve uneven-aged management with continuous regeneration throughout the forest area.
This presentation discusses the domestication of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in Nepal. It begins with introducing NTFPs and defining domestication. The objectives are then stated as assessing opportunities and challenges of NTFP domestication. Methodology describes using secondary data sources. Opportunities discussed include Nepal's biodiversity, the growing international NTFP market, and potential for conservation and income generation. Challenges include technical difficulties in cultivation, lack of market infrastructure and support, as well as social, economic and policy barriers. The conclusion recognizes domestication potential but also threats to some NTFP species. Recommendations suggest providing financial and technical support to farmers for large-scale domestication, and improving
Approaches and Techniques for Managing Human-Elephant Conflicts in Western Se...Isaac Yohana Chamba
A research proposal for a Research project for completion of Master degree of Science in Ecosystems science and Management of Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) for academic years 2016-2018. The research tries to find and come up with a new thinking in the management of Human-elephant conflicts for better and sustainable management of socio-ecological systems in Ikorongo-Grumeti Game Reserves, other protected areas within Tanzania and outside the country having similar problems. The project is funded by Singita Grumeti Fund (SGF) - 2017.
Strategies adopted to mitigate Human–Elephant Conflict (HEC) in and around Ke...KVASU
Elephants are among the flagship species of conservation. They live in a variety of habitats and landscapes. Apart from that, elephants were also kept in captivity. Only about 20 per cent of the elephant’s range lies in national parks and sanctuaries. With forests thinning out, the rest 80 per cent of the elephants in most parts of the country have dispersed into areas with high density of human population. HEC forms a grave threat for both sides i.e. animals as well as humans. Reports pointed out that around 300 people were killed annually in India due to human elephant conflicts. The common causes for this includes crop raiding which was the result of habitat loss and forest fragmentation due to human intrusion. It was reported that around 40-50 elephants were killed during crop raiding in India. Another contributor to it is lethal retaliation against elephants. It was reported that more than 60 elephants were found dead in retaliation incidents in North East India and Sumatra in 2001, which was poisoned by the plantation workers. The conflict intensifies when people try to chase away the animals with searchlights, crackers or guns, making the pachyderms even more aggressive.
This document summarizes human-wildlife conflict in the region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It defines human-wildlife conflict and introduces increasing issues with leopards, snakes, and rodents. The main causes of conflict are habitat loss, agricultural practices, insufficient prey, and poverty. Specific data is provided on livestock killed by leopards in the Machiara National Park region from 2013 and in Pir Lasora National Park from 2010. The document concludes by listing several references used in the report.
This document presents information on human-wildlife conflicts from a presentation by Saisikan Patra. It defines human-wildlife conflict as the negative interaction between wild animals and people that impacts both. Such conflicts occur when human and wildlife territories overlap, reducing resources for both. Examples of conflicts provided include crop damage, livestock deaths, and human injuries or deaths from various wildlife species around the world. Causes of conflicts include habitat loss and decline of wildlife prey. Solutions proposed focus on improving wildlife habitats, changing agricultural practices, and increasing awareness of human-wildlife coexistence.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
Silvicultural systems are methods of harvesting, regenerating, and tending forests. The two main types are high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems regenerate from seedlings and have long rotations, while coppice systems regenerate from stumps and have short rotations. Some common high forest systems include clearfelling, seed tree, shelterwood, and selection systems. Clearfelling removes the entire mature crop at once, while shelterwood and seed tree methods remove trees gradually to allow for natural regeneration under shelter. Selection systems involve uneven-aged management with continuous regeneration throughout the forest area.
This presentation discusses the domestication of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in Nepal. It begins with introducing NTFPs and defining domestication. The objectives are then stated as assessing opportunities and challenges of NTFP domestication. Methodology describes using secondary data sources. Opportunities discussed include Nepal's biodiversity, the growing international NTFP market, and potential for conservation and income generation. Challenges include technical difficulties in cultivation, lack of market infrastructure and support, as well as social, economic and policy barriers. The conclusion recognizes domestication potential but also threats to some NTFP species. Recommendations suggest providing financial and technical support to farmers for large-scale domestication, and improving
This document provides an overview of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) from a national and international perspective. It defines NTFPs and provides a classification system categorizing them by plant or animal origin. The document discusses India's current NTFP scenario, national forest policy regarding NTFPs, issues in their management and marketing. It analyzes international trade data for several commodities, such as pine nuts, jujube fruits, mushrooms, oils, rattan, and bamboo. The document concludes by outlining constraints in NTFP marketing in India and their potential to provide sustainable incomes and livelihoods.
Role of semiochemicals in the control of crop pest OUAT.pptxYuvanshankarRaja2
This document discusses the role of semiochemicals in controlling crop pests. It begins with defining semiochemicals and the different types, including pheromones and allelochemicals. Various pheromones are then described, such as sex, aggregation, trail marking, and alarm pheromones. The document also discusses pest suppression strategies using semiochemicals, including monitoring, mass trapping, lure and kill, mating disruption, and push-pull strategies. Monitoring uses pheromone traps to detect pest presence and density to time control measures appropriately.
Role of forestry in restoration of degraded lands Indukale
This document outlines a seminar presentation on the role of forestry in restoring degraded land. It discusses various causes and types of land degradation in India such as water and wind erosion. Forestry plays a key role in restoration through forest interventions, afforestation techniques, and agroforestry models. These restore degraded land by improving biomass, soil fertility, and flora. The document provides examples of restoration approaches for mined areas, ravines, lateritic lands, and salt-affected soils through planting suitable tree and grass species.
This document discusses the use of hormones and pheromones in the behavioral control of insect pests. It defines hormones and pheromones, and describes the different types including juvenile hormones, ecdysteroids, gonadal hormones, neurohormones, and sex pheromones. It explains how various hormones regulate insect growth and development. It also outlines several methods of pest management that utilize hormones and pheromones, such as using juvenile hormone analogs, ecdysteroid derivatives, pheromone traps, and mating disruption. The document emphasizes that behavioral control of insects through their hormones and pheromones is an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach in integrated pest management.
Biodiversity, ecosystem services and soil fertility ExternalEvents
This document discusses soils and biodiversity. It notes that soils take a long time to form and are critical for food production. Soils contain a high level of biodiversity and play an important role in ecosystem services like water retention and carbon storage. Soil organic matter influences these services. The document then discusses soil health and managing soil carbon to boost agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation. It provides examples from Kenya, including threats to soils from land use change and a lack of soil policy. The key points are that soils are important for food production and ecosystem services, soil carbon management can provide benefits, and Kenyan soils face threats with limited policy protection.
Sustainable Land Management in Practice 23.01.2023.pdfDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Sustainable Land Management is defined as the use of land resources, including soils, water, animals, and plants, for the production of goods to meet changing human needs, while simultaneously ensuring the long-term productive potential of these resources and the maintenance of their environmental functions.
Ecosystem restoration aims to reverse damage done to ecosystems through processes like climate change, invasive species, and degradation. It helps recover biodiversity and improve human welfare. Restoration seeks to reestablish the essential properties, functions, and structures of damaged ecosystems. There are various forms of environmental degradation that restoration addresses, including global warming, energy consumption, disturbance, and succession. Successful restoration requires carefully planning and implementing goals like species reintroduction to fully restore the original ecosystem.
Agroforestry for livelihood support in rural areaSaumya Mohapatra
The document discusses various agroforestry practices and their benefits. It provides information on different agroforestry systems commonly practiced in Asia and Africa like improved fallow, alley cropping, silvopasture, homegardens, windbreaks, and agrisilviculture. It also summarizes case studies on agroforestry projects implemented in India that have increased farmers' incomes and tree cover. Additionally, it outlines the income sources and contributions of trees from agroforestry systems in sub-Saharan Africa.
Current applications of biotechnology to forestry are modest, especially when compared to agriculture or pharmaceuticals. However, the potential for application of biotechnology to forestry and forest plantations is great.
This document discusses various silvicultural systems and their characteristics. It begins with an introduction to silviculture and silvics, and defines silvicultural systems as methods for harvesting, regenerating, and tending forest crops.
The document then classifies silvicultural systems into two main types: high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems involve seedling regeneration through natural or artificial means, with long rotations. These are further divided into clear felling, shelterwood, and accessory systems.
Clear felling systems are described in detail, including variations in removal of the mature crop. Regeneration can be achieved naturally from seed stored on-site, seed brought from outside, or advanced growth retained on
The document discusses land degradation and techniques for afforestation of degraded lands. It defines land degradation as the decline in biological productivity caused by inappropriate land use and management. Factors that contribute to degradation include deforestation, overgrazing, erosion, and climate change. The document then outlines various afforestation techniques for different types of degraded lands, including ravines, sand dunes, waterlogged areas, saline/alkaline soils, and rocky/skeletal soils. It recommends suitable tree species for afforestation in each case. Addressing land degradation requires an integrated, scientific approach.
This document contains lecture notes on forest management. It covers 7 units on topics related to forest management objectives, alternatives, strategies, valuation, rotation, regulation, policy, and management planning. The notes were prepared by Bishnu P Devkota for a forestry management course at Kathmandu Forestry College in Nepal. The notes define forest management and discuss its objectives, which include providing maximum long-term benefits to people through both productive and protective forest uses.
Biodiversity conservation is important to protect the variety of life on Earth and their interactions. Many species have gone extinct in recent decades due to habitat loss and human activity. Conservation efforts include protecting species within their natural habitats through reserves like hotspots, biosphere reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries. India contains two biodiversity hotspots, the Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats, which support many endemic plant and animal species. National parks like Kaziranga and Gir protect endangered species like the one-horned rhino and Asiatic lion. Conservation efforts aim to balance protection with sustainable use of resources.
Insect therapeutics in ethnoentomology by PremalathaPrema Latha
This presentation to be covered in the areas of Introduction about ethnoentomology, Modern scientific uses of insects in medicines, Most commonly involved insect orders in theraphy, Other than insects and insect-derived products, Diagnoses based on the presence of insects, Pharmacological Significance of Insect, Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), Case studies and Conclusion.
Community-based forest management (CFM) involves inclusive participation of local communities in the sustainable management of forests. CFM is more informal and autonomous than joint forest management, with private ownership rather than state ownership. CFM aims to develop poor forest communities through generating income, employment, and sustainable management. It enhances the capacity of non-timber forest product stakeholders. CFM is community-driven, with communities making decisions and the state monitoring and providing guidance. CFM has been practiced in many villages across India, involving over 12,000-15,000 villages in northeast India and protecting 1-2 million hectares of forest land.
Social forestry aims to achieve environmental benefits and rural development through afforestation on barren lands. It involves managing and developing forests to meet the basic needs of rural populations like fuel, fodder, and manure. The objectives of social forestry in India are to increase forest area, restore ecological balance, meet rural needs, ensure better land use, generate employment, and check pollution. The components of social forestry include farm forestry, extension forestry, rural forestry, community forestry, and agroforestry.
Lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposesatulthakur007
Forest tree species,which are not popularly known,but still they have great significance for wood based industries...They are lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposes.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
This document provides an overview of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) from a national and international perspective. It defines NTFPs and provides a classification system categorizing them by plant or animal origin. The document discusses India's current NTFP scenario, national forest policy regarding NTFPs, issues in their management and marketing. It analyzes international trade data for several commodities, such as pine nuts, jujube fruits, mushrooms, oils, rattan, and bamboo. The document concludes by outlining constraints in NTFP marketing in India and their potential to provide sustainable incomes and livelihoods.
Role of semiochemicals in the control of crop pest OUAT.pptxYuvanshankarRaja2
This document discusses the role of semiochemicals in controlling crop pests. It begins with defining semiochemicals and the different types, including pheromones and allelochemicals. Various pheromones are then described, such as sex, aggregation, trail marking, and alarm pheromones. The document also discusses pest suppression strategies using semiochemicals, including monitoring, mass trapping, lure and kill, mating disruption, and push-pull strategies. Monitoring uses pheromone traps to detect pest presence and density to time control measures appropriately.
Role of forestry in restoration of degraded lands Indukale
This document outlines a seminar presentation on the role of forestry in restoring degraded land. It discusses various causes and types of land degradation in India such as water and wind erosion. Forestry plays a key role in restoration through forest interventions, afforestation techniques, and agroforestry models. These restore degraded land by improving biomass, soil fertility, and flora. The document provides examples of restoration approaches for mined areas, ravines, lateritic lands, and salt-affected soils through planting suitable tree and grass species.
This document discusses the use of hormones and pheromones in the behavioral control of insect pests. It defines hormones and pheromones, and describes the different types including juvenile hormones, ecdysteroids, gonadal hormones, neurohormones, and sex pheromones. It explains how various hormones regulate insect growth and development. It also outlines several methods of pest management that utilize hormones and pheromones, such as using juvenile hormone analogs, ecdysteroid derivatives, pheromone traps, and mating disruption. The document emphasizes that behavioral control of insects through their hormones and pheromones is an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach in integrated pest management.
Biodiversity, ecosystem services and soil fertility ExternalEvents
This document discusses soils and biodiversity. It notes that soils take a long time to form and are critical for food production. Soils contain a high level of biodiversity and play an important role in ecosystem services like water retention and carbon storage. Soil organic matter influences these services. The document then discusses soil health and managing soil carbon to boost agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation. It provides examples from Kenya, including threats to soils from land use change and a lack of soil policy. The key points are that soils are important for food production and ecosystem services, soil carbon management can provide benefits, and Kenyan soils face threats with limited policy protection.
Sustainable Land Management in Practice 23.01.2023.pdfDr. P.B.Dharmasena
Sustainable Land Management is defined as the use of land resources, including soils, water, animals, and plants, for the production of goods to meet changing human needs, while simultaneously ensuring the long-term productive potential of these resources and the maintenance of their environmental functions.
Ecosystem restoration aims to reverse damage done to ecosystems through processes like climate change, invasive species, and degradation. It helps recover biodiversity and improve human welfare. Restoration seeks to reestablish the essential properties, functions, and structures of damaged ecosystems. There are various forms of environmental degradation that restoration addresses, including global warming, energy consumption, disturbance, and succession. Successful restoration requires carefully planning and implementing goals like species reintroduction to fully restore the original ecosystem.
Agroforestry for livelihood support in rural areaSaumya Mohapatra
The document discusses various agroforestry practices and their benefits. It provides information on different agroforestry systems commonly practiced in Asia and Africa like improved fallow, alley cropping, silvopasture, homegardens, windbreaks, and agrisilviculture. It also summarizes case studies on agroforestry projects implemented in India that have increased farmers' incomes and tree cover. Additionally, it outlines the income sources and contributions of trees from agroforestry systems in sub-Saharan Africa.
Current applications of biotechnology to forestry are modest, especially when compared to agriculture or pharmaceuticals. However, the potential for application of biotechnology to forestry and forest plantations is great.
This document discusses various silvicultural systems and their characteristics. It begins with an introduction to silviculture and silvics, and defines silvicultural systems as methods for harvesting, regenerating, and tending forest crops.
The document then classifies silvicultural systems into two main types: high forest systems and coppice systems. High forest systems involve seedling regeneration through natural or artificial means, with long rotations. These are further divided into clear felling, shelterwood, and accessory systems.
Clear felling systems are described in detail, including variations in removal of the mature crop. Regeneration can be achieved naturally from seed stored on-site, seed brought from outside, or advanced growth retained on
The document discusses land degradation and techniques for afforestation of degraded lands. It defines land degradation as the decline in biological productivity caused by inappropriate land use and management. Factors that contribute to degradation include deforestation, overgrazing, erosion, and climate change. The document then outlines various afforestation techniques for different types of degraded lands, including ravines, sand dunes, waterlogged areas, saline/alkaline soils, and rocky/skeletal soils. It recommends suitable tree species for afforestation in each case. Addressing land degradation requires an integrated, scientific approach.
This document contains lecture notes on forest management. It covers 7 units on topics related to forest management objectives, alternatives, strategies, valuation, rotation, regulation, policy, and management planning. The notes were prepared by Bishnu P Devkota for a forestry management course at Kathmandu Forestry College in Nepal. The notes define forest management and discuss its objectives, which include providing maximum long-term benefits to people through both productive and protective forest uses.
Biodiversity conservation is important to protect the variety of life on Earth and their interactions. Many species have gone extinct in recent decades due to habitat loss and human activity. Conservation efforts include protecting species within their natural habitats through reserves like hotspots, biosphere reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries. India contains two biodiversity hotspots, the Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats, which support many endemic plant and animal species. National parks like Kaziranga and Gir protect endangered species like the one-horned rhino and Asiatic lion. Conservation efforts aim to balance protection with sustainable use of resources.
Insect therapeutics in ethnoentomology by PremalathaPrema Latha
This presentation to be covered in the areas of Introduction about ethnoentomology, Modern scientific uses of insects in medicines, Most commonly involved insect orders in theraphy, Other than insects and insect-derived products, Diagnoses based on the presence of insects, Pharmacological Significance of Insect, Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), Case studies and Conclusion.
Community-based forest management (CFM) involves inclusive participation of local communities in the sustainable management of forests. CFM is more informal and autonomous than joint forest management, with private ownership rather than state ownership. CFM aims to develop poor forest communities through generating income, employment, and sustainable management. It enhances the capacity of non-timber forest product stakeholders. CFM is community-driven, with communities making decisions and the state monitoring and providing guidance. CFM has been practiced in many villages across India, involving over 12,000-15,000 villages in northeast India and protecting 1-2 million hectares of forest land.
Social forestry aims to achieve environmental benefits and rural development through afforestation on barren lands. It involves managing and developing forests to meet the basic needs of rural populations like fuel, fodder, and manure. The objectives of social forestry in India are to increase forest area, restore ecological balance, meet rural needs, ensure better land use, generate employment, and check pollution. The components of social forestry include farm forestry, extension forestry, rural forestry, community forestry, and agroforestry.
Lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposesatulthakur007
Forest tree species,which are not popularly known,but still they have great significance for wood based industries...They are lesser known forest tree species used for commercial purposes.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Recycling and Disposal on SWM Raymond Einyu pptxRayLetai1
Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
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7. AnujAroshA 7
Solutions introduced
to HEC at Valparai,
South India
I. Cable TV
II. Bulk SMS
• Inform to base station
• Confirmation and
identification of Human
settlement areas
• Analyze vulnerable zone
• Select mobile numbers from
the DB
• Send early warning
messages
8. AnujAroshA 8
Solutions introduced
to HEC at Valparai,
South India
I. Cable TV
II. Bulk SMS
III. Flashing light warning system
• Using SIM card
• 3 registered numbers
• 3 rings to activate the light
9. 9
Actions taken to mitigate HEC
1) Traditional and most common methods
2) Simple IT related solutions
3) Advance IT related solutions
• Smart electric fence
• Infrasonic sound
- Greeting
- Normal gossip & how those impact to our lives
- Actor's death
- K. D. Harichchandra's death
- Location and cause of the death
- Does audience aware about HEC?
- Real topic
- Explain why came up with suicide incident
- Medea's job with statistics
- Deaths because of HEC is not neglegible
- Not only human, elephant deaths also counts
- Importancy of having elephants
- - 1986 IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)
- - Part of our lifecycle
- How big HEC issue in Sri Lanka
- Tell about other damages
- - Physical
- - Houses
- - Crops
- - Forests
- Compensation
- - Rs. 500,000 -> Death/House
- - Rs. 75,000 -> Injury
- - Rs. 0 -> Crops
- From Elephants POV
- Pros & cons of these methods
- Project location
- People 70,000 elephants 80 - 100
- 39 killed before project stated
- People came 120 years back
- Before that Rain forest
- Now tea & coffee plantation estate
- Forest remains as small fragments
- Day time elephants lives in
- Night time they move from one fragment to other
- People using the same path
- 35 out of 39 are not aware
- Lack of info about Elephants presence
- Everyday 5.30 displaying a croll
- Method was good until Satellite TV came
- Same time mobile phone usage got increased
- 55000 out of 70000 were using mobile phones
- Bulk SMS as new option
- Service provider -> Gupshop
- Cost per SMS -> Rs. 0.02
- Reach -> Limitless
- Delivery time -> Instant
- Text languages -> English and Tamil
- Explain the process of bulk SMS
- When no network and network failure scenario
- 25 units, highly visible, top of a tower
- Red light indicates Elephants are with in 1 km
- Explain the process
- Mention about limited time for this presentation
- Abstract of a abstract of a thesis
- Some audience fond of R & D
- Give credits to;
- - Dr. Kasun de Zoysa (UCSC)
- - Dr. Shermin de Silva
- - Asanka (UCSC)
- Explain smart electric fence
- - IoT items communicating
- Explain Infrasonic sound
- - Find location and communicating
- Capture images using DSLR camera and upload
- Server side API to do Image processing
- Implement tools that can be used in field visit like low cost drone camera
- Influence directors to do no profit no branding social work
- Only thing we need is willingness to do