The document compares key economic and development indicators for Italy, South Korea, the Philippines, and Nigeria. It discusses measures like GDP, GDP per capita, the Human Development Index (HDI), Gender Development Index (GDI), Human Poverty Index (HPI), and Gini coefficient. Italy has the highest HDI and GDP/capita, while Nigeria has the lowest for most indicators, reflecting differences between highly developed, medium developed, and low developed economies. South Korea has achieved high development as an "Asian Tiger." Inequalities exist within and between countries according to the GDI, HPI, and Gini coefficient.

1. Development and Statistics
Presentation
HL ECONOMICS

2. Introduction
• Highly Developed EconomyItaly
• Medium Developed Economy Philippines
• Low Developed EconomyNigeria
• Asian Tiger South Korea

3. Human Development Index
• HDI: provides a composite measure of human
development
– Life expectancy
– Education
– Standard of living

4. Gender Issues: Gender-related
development index
• GDI: measures achievements in the same
indicators as the HDI but captures inequalities
in achievement between women and men

5. Human Poverty Index
• HPI: An alternative measurefocus on the
amount of poverty in a country
• HPI for developing countriesHPI-1
– Adult illiteracy rate
– Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40
– population without sustainable access to an improved
water source and children under weight
• HPI for developed countriesHPI-2
– Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60
– Population below income poverty line
– Rate of long-term unemployment

6. Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve
Country GDP GDP/capit HDI GDI HPI Gini
a Coefficient
Italy $2.399 $28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%- 0.360
trillion HPI-2
South Korea $857.5 $26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316
billion
Philippines $168.6 $5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%- 0.466
billion HPI-1
Nigeria $220.3 $1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510
billion

7. Country GDP GDP/capit HDI GDI HPI Gini
a Coefficient
Italy $2.399 $28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%- 0.360
trillion HPI-2
South Korea $857.5 $26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316
billion
Philippines $168.6 $5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%- 0.466
billion HPI-1
Nigeria $220.3 $1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510
billion

8. Gini coefficient: measure of income
inequality within a population
0 and 1

9. Italy

10. Italy
• GDP (official exchange rate): $2.399 trillion
• GDP ( real growth rate): -0.7%
• Population: 58,126,212

11. Human Development Index
• HDI: 0.945(rank:19/179)
• GDP per capita (US$): 28,828
• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and
above):98.8%
• Life expectancy at birth: 80.4

12. Gender Issues
• GDI value = 0.936
• HDI value=0.945
• GDI value is 99.4% of its HDI value
– Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and older): 99.5
(female as % male)

13. Human Poverty Index
• HPI-2 value = 29.8%
• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving
past age 40 [%]): 2.3%
• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older):
1.6%

14. Lorenz Curve
• Percentage distribution of income: lowest
10%: 2.1%; highest (5th) 10%: 26.6%
• Gini Coefficient: 0.360

15. Philippines

16. Philippines
• GDP (official exchange rate): $168.6 billion
• GDP (real growth rate): 4.6%
• Population: 97,976,603

17. Human Development Index
• HDI: 0.771 (90/179)
• GDP per capita (US$): 5137
• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and
above):92.6%
• Life expectancy at birth: 71 yrs

18. Gender Issues
• GDI value = 0.768
• HDI value=0.771
• GDI value is 98.6% of its HDI value

19. Human Poverty Index
• HPI-1 value = 15.3%
• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving
past age 40 [%]): 39.0%
• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older):
7.4%
• Population without access to clean water:
15%
• Children underweight for age (% ages 0-5):
28%

20. Lorenz Curve
• Percentage distribution of income: lowest
20%: 5.4%; highest (5th) 20%: 52.3%
• Gini Coefficient: 0.466

21. Nigeria

22. Nigeria
• GDP (official exchange rate): $220.3 billion
• GDP (real growth rate): 6.1%
• Population:149,229,090

23. Human Development Index
• HDI: 0.499 (rank: 154/179 countries)
• Life expectancy at birth: 46.6 yrs
• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and above):
71.0
• GDP per capita (US$): $1852

24. Gender Issues
• GDI value = 0.485
• HDI value=0.499
• GDI value is 97.2% of its HDI value

25. Human Poverty Index
• HPI-1 value = 38.0% (rank: 111/135 developing
countries)
• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving past
age 40 [%]): 39.0%
• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older): 29.0%
• Population without access to clean water: 53%
• Children underweight for age (% ages 0-5): 29%

26. Lorenz Curve
• Percentage distribution of income (1996-
1997): lowest 20%: 4.4; 2nd 20%: 8.2; 3rd 20%:
12.5; 4th 20%: 19.3; highest (5th) 20%: 55.7
• Gini Index: 0.51

27. South Korea

28. South Korea
• Asian Tiger
• GDP (official exchange rate): $857.5 billion
• GDP - real growth rate: 2.5%
• Population=48,508,972

29. Human Development Index
• HDI: 0.921 (rank:26/179)
• GDP per capita (US$): 26,000
• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and
above):97.9%
• Life expectancy at birth: 78.72 yrs

30. Gender Issues
• GDI value = 0.910
• HDI value=0.921
• GDI value is 98.8% of its HDI value
– Female as % male life expectancy: 109.5%
– Female as % male Combined primary, secondary
and tertiary gross enrolment ratio: 85.7%

31. Human Poverty Index
• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving
past age 40 [%]): 2.5%
• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older):
1.0%
• Population not using an improved water
source: 8%
• Children underweight for their age(% under
age 5): 0%

32. Lorenz Cruve
• Income distribution
– Richest 10% to poorest 10% ratio
• South Korea 7.8
• United States 15.9
• France 9.1
• Gini Coefficient: 0.316

33. Conclusion
Country GDP GDP/capit HDI GDI HPI Gini
a Coefficient
Italy $2.399 $28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%- 0.360
trillion HPI-2
South Korea $857.5 $26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316
billion
Philippines $168.6 $5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%- 0.466
billion HPI-1
Nigeria $220.3 $1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510
billion

34. 1
0.9
0.8
0.7
HDI
0.6
GDI
0.5
0.4 HPI
0.3
Gini Coefficient
0.2
0.1
0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

35. Compare GDP
GDP
3,000
2,500
2,000
GDP ($ billion)
1,500
1,000
500
0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria
Country

36. Compare GDP/capita
GDP/capita
$35,000
$30,000
$25,000
$20,000
$15,000
$10,000
$5,000
$0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

37. Compare HDI
HDI
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

38. Compare GDI
GDI
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

39. Compare HPI
HPI
40.00%
35.00%
30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

40. Compare Gini Coefficient
Gini Coefficient
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria

41. Bibliography
• http://hdrstats.undp.org/2008/countries/country
_fact_sheets/cty_fs_NGA.html
• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-
world-factbook/geos/ni.html
• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-
world-factbook/geos/ks.html
• http://hdrstats.undp.org/2008/countries/country
_fact_sheets/cty_fs_KOR.html
• http://earthtrends.wri.org/gsearch.php?va=cp&k
w=italy&theme=0