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www.wellesleyinstitute.com
Follow us on twitter @wellesleyWI
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Middle-age adulthood is a critical period in human development, seDioneWang844
Middle-age adulthood is a critical period in human development, seeing the peaking and decline of growth and development. As a result, an individual in the period experiences extensive biological changes. One of the critical changes that occur past the age of thirty years is the loss of body muscles and functioning, medically known as sarcopenia, at a rate of 3-8% per decade, which further accelerates past the age of 60 years (Lazzara, 2020). The loss is associated with the decline of the nervous system, leading to the nerves detaching from the muscles.
The age group also experiences a reduction in bone tissue, referred to as osteoporosis. Humans achieve peak bone mass between the age of 35 and 40 years, after which the descent begins. The decline is rapid in females past menopause, where they can lose as high as 5-10% of bone mass every year (Lazzara, 2020). Another critical biological change is the prevalence of chronic inflammation, with no discernible causes but is believed to result from the body's response to injuries and pathogens, which are prevalent at the age. Another critical change is presbyopia, which involves vision loss due to loss of eye flexibility necessary to adjust to stimuli. As a result, the group struggles to see up close at night or in dim lights (Lazzara, 2020).
The group also suffers from presbycusis, which entails the loss of hearing capacity due to the disintegration of the nerve hair cells in the cochlea and otosclerosis involving the distortion of the bone structure and other elements of the middle ear (Lazzara, 2020). The loss is more common in males due to risk factors such as working in noisy environments, smoking, high blood pressure, and stroke. Middle-aged adults also experience weight gain due to fat accumulation. Another critical change is climacteric, which involves the decline in the reproduction capacity in men and its total loss in women as they enter menopause (Lazzara, 2020). Individuals can regulate the changes in the middle ages through adequate exercise, dieting, and other lifestyle adjustments.
Contraceptives Counseling
The most critical step to ensuring efficiency is establishing a close and trusting relationship with the patients to bridge any barriers and achieve effective communication. Another crucial strategy is to actively engage the patient to jointly identify and evaluate alternatives, evaluate their benefits and drawbacks, answer any queries the patients may have, and help them make the best choice that suits them. It would also be critical to promote adherence to guidelines to ensure the best outcomes during contraception use (Dehlendorf et al., 2014). My personal beliefs should not affect my ability to advise clients because I base the process on scientific and medical data.
Smoking Cessation Plan
Smoking cessation is a critical medical intervention because its success depends on the willingness of the patient to adhere to the recommended actions. As a result, the process should begi ...
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
31.Purpose
42.Background
5Research objectives
6Theoretical framework
63.EBP Model
74.Proposed Change
85.Outcomes
86.Evaluation Plan
97.Dissemination Plan
9Tools to be Used
9Peer review tools for the proposal
11Grant Request
11Proposed Tasks
11Task 1: Case study- Reviewing existing literature on stigma around mental health complications
11Task 2: Interviewing clinicians that have dealt with the study topic
12Task 3: Interviewing patients of mental health
12Schedule
13Budget
148.Appendices
14a.Informed Consent
19Certificate of Consent
19Signature or Date
21b.Literature Matrix
32c.Tools and equipment to be used
34References
Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a ...
Running Head FINDINGS USED TO MAKE PUBLIC HEALTH PLANNING AND POL.docxcowinhelen
Running Head: FINDINGS USED TO MAKE PUBLIC HEALTH PLANNING AND POLICY DECISIONS 5
Findings Used to Make Public Health Planning and Policy Decisions
Unit 4 - HA560
March 28, 2016
There has been increased concern among policy makers, scientists and communities that health is greatly affected by a number of factors that occur in a person’s lifetime and in multi levels. Prevention is sententious to curb occurrence of any disease within the population, and it has to come first even if access to quality healthcare services is provided. To adequately promote health and prevent diseases, certain policies and factors need to be addressed mostly factors that are related to health behaviors.
Social psychology is all about understanding individuals’ behavior specifically in a social setting. Basically, social psychology focuses on factors that influence people to behave in certain ways in presence of others. The two greatest contributors in the field of social psychology were Allport (1920) and Bandura (1963). To begin with, according to Allport; he argued that the interaction of individuals with others or the presence of social groups can encourage the development of certain behaviors (Kassin, 2014). This is what Allport referred to as social facilitation, in his research he identified that an audience will facilitate the performance of an actor in a well learnt and understood task; however the performance of the same actor will decrease in performance on difficult tasks which are newly learnt, and this is contributed by social inhibition. The second contributor in the field of social psychology is Bandura (1963), in his work he developed a notion that behavior in the social world could be possibly modeled, and this is what he referred to as social learning theory. He gave his explanation with three groups of children who were watching a video where in the video an adult showed aggressiveness towards a “bobo doll” and the adults who displayed such behavior were awarded by another adult or were just punished. Therefore Bandura found that children who saw the adult being rewarded were found to be more likely to imitate that adult’s behavior.
Certain theories plays important roles in health assessment, and a theory is defined as a collection of concepts in specific area of concern or interest in the world that need explanations, intervening and prediction. Theories need to be backed up with evidence that tend to explain why things will happen in relation to current situations, and followed with some actions to turn situations in certain desirable ways. Health assessment can be defined as a plan of care that recognizes specific person’s health needs and how such needs will be addressed by healthcare system or any other health institutions (Jarvis, 2008). Generally, health assessment is the evaluation of health status through examination of physical and psychological concerns after looking at the health history of the victim assess ...
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1. How wellbeing affects other valued
objectives
Dr. Jan-Emmanuel De Neve
University of Oxford
4 October 2017
2. Objective benefits of wellbeing:
Health & longevity
Income, productivity & organizational
performance
Individual & social behaviour
Outline
2
3. Wellbeing matters:
Philosophical rationale:
Wellbeing is what citizens ultimately care about
Political rationale:
Raises government approval
Economic rationale:
Objective benefits of subjective wellbeing
Happiness = smart policy
4. Health & longevity
Physiological functioning
Reduced inflammation
Improved cardiovascular health, immune & endocrine systems
Lower risk of heart disease
Speed of recovery
Healthy behaviours
Longevity
Survival and longevity
4
5. Proportion of individuals surviving by level of positive affect
Notes: Figure from Steptoe and Wardle (2011). “Survival from affect assessment” is measured in months from initial
interview where positive affect levels where reported. The English Longitudinal Survey of Ageing is a representative
sample of older men and women living in England. Positive affect reported on a single day by individuals between 52
and 79 years old were used. Values are adjusted for age and sex. Respondents with the highest third of reported
positive affect were 34% less likely to die over the period studied than those in the lowest positive affect group after
controlling for demographic and health factors. Those in the high and medium positive affect groups had death rates of
3.6% and 4.6%, respectively, compared to 7.3% for the low positive affect group.
Wellbeing impact on longevity
6. Income, productivity & organizational
performance
6
Cognitive functioning
Creativity and cognitive flexibility
Focus and motivation
Reduced absenteeism/presenteeism
Productivity
Approximately 12% productivity increase for basic interventions
Organizational performance
Cooperation and collaboration [note recruitment, motivation, retention]
Labour market outcomes (e.g. income)
9. Individual & social behaviour
9
Decision-making
Longer-term time preferences and delayed gratification
Reduced consumption & increased savings
Reduced risk-taking
10. Happiness and seatbelt usage
Source: De Neve et al. 2014
Benefits of happiness: traffic safety
11. Benefits of happiness: traffic safety
Happiness and later traffic accidents
Source: De Neve et al. 2014
12. Individual & social behaviour
12
Decision-making
Longer-term time preferences and delayed gratification
Reduced consumption & increased savings
Reduced risk-taking
Pro-social behaviour
Charitable giving and volunteering
Social interactions and relationship quality
13. Model of positive feedback loop between prosocial spending and
happiness
Notes: Figure from Aknin, Dunn and Norton (2012). The model posits that prosocial spending promotes happiness and,
in turn, happiness improves the probability of future prosocial spending.
Wellbeing and social behaviour
In three different styles of experiment, randomly selected individuals are made happier either through the use of a short (10 minute) comedy clip or through the provision of drinks and snacks. We check that these methods make the subjects happier (they do) and then go on to show that these individuals have approximately 12% greater productivity than a control group.
A fourth experiment studies major real-world shocks (bereavement and family illness) and the impact this has on current productivity. Lower happiness is systematically associated with lower productivity. This effect lasts for approximately 2 years. These different forms of evidence, with complementary strengths and weaknesses, are consistent with the existence of a causal link between human well-being and human performance.
