In this new race, economic competition among nations will be less on physical assets and more on knowledge assets. Pakistan must take urgent and substantive steps to build its ecosystem and knowledge culture to leapfrog ahead. What needs to be done? In my course on Marketing Strategies for Emerging Economies, Summer 2019 students of the Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan were asked to come up with recommendations. This is an example of some of the best work submitted.

1. HOWTOTRANSITION PAKISTAN
TO A KNOWLEDGE BASED
ECONOMY
Transforming Pakistan in a Knowledge based sector
NAME: SANIA ABDUL HAMEED
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME: MOAZZAM HUSAIN
INSTITIUTE’S NAME: INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (IoBM)

2. PAKISTAN-AN AGRICULTURAL
ECONOMY
■ Pakistan’s economy is highly depended on agricultural sector, it contributes .9 percent
to GDP.
■ Agricultural sector of Pakistan absorbs around 42.3 percent of the labor force of the
total population of the country.
■ Punjab and Sindh are the two main provinces contributing in the agricultural sector

3. AGRICULTURAL SECTOR-WASTING
MORETHAN PRODUCING
■ The agricultural sector of Pakistan, despite being the backbone of the economy is in a
bad shape.
■ The agricultural processes in Pakistan are very poor and out dated.
■ Pakistan ranks 78th in the Global Food Security Index (GFSI).

4. ■ The agricultural sector of Pakistan is technologically far behind the global agricultural
trends.
■ The agricultural waste during irrigation, transportation and due to the use of
pesticides which have a bad impact on the end product are very high.

5. AGRICULTURALAND ASSOCIATED
WASTESAND ISSUES:
■ WATERWASTAGE
■ POWERWASTAGE
■ LABOR HAZARDS
■ END-GOODWASTAGE
■ WASTAGE DURINGTRANSPORTATION
■ LOW PRODUCTIVITY

6. IFTHE FUTURE CHANGES:
■ If Pakistan’s agricultural sector develops and we go towards a safe and low wastage
productivity the benefits will be enormous:
• Economical Stability
• Resolution of the Power issue
• Water wastage
• Better working conditions
• Better products to export

7. WHERETHEWORLD IS GOING
■ The world is way ahead from Pakistan in agricultural development
■ The agricultural methods are changing rapidly and they are moving towards self-
sustainable solutions for agricultural fields.

8. HOWTHEWORLD DID IT ANDWE
CAN’T
■ Around the globe R&D is a very important phenomenon.
■ Government provides funds to its research centers to develop an effective and low
costly way s in order to come up with a good and reliable product.
■ R&D centers around the world have modernized the concept of agriculture.

9. WHAT ARETHE NEWWAYS
■ Irrigation through drones
■ Modified seeds
■ Vertical farming
■ Renewable energy solutions
■ Smart agricultural solutions

10. JICA-JAPAN
■ JICA andVietnamese government have collaborated in development of new high-yield
varieties of rice using minimal agricultural materials that are resistant to pest damage
and with a short cultivation period of 10 days shorter than the regular lineages.
■ These new modified seeds not only decrease the cultivation period they also increase
the productivity by 5 to 10%, and a lineage which is resistant to pest and cold.

11. ETRI-KOREA
■ ETRI has developed a bendable solar cells.
■ The newly developed desensitized solar cells uses stainless steel on one side and
plastic on the other so its is bendable and more effective than the previous versions, it
is only 0.4 mm think which makes it highly competitive in price and productivity.

12. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION-WHO
■ World health organization is working on genetically modified seeds for a very long
time.
■ They are successful in making some development in this area with seeds are
genetically modified, which reduces the threat from pests and weather conditions and
help increase overall crop productivity.

13. WHAT PAKISTAN SHOULD DO?
■ To increase the productivity per capita and the nutrient enriched crops, Pakistan
should work on seed modification in order to improve the productivity of the
agriculture sector.
■ FAISALABAD UNIVERSITYOF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
• Funds should be provided to make the R&D better and agricultural sciences should be
promoted, giving students incentives and support throughout their educational period
in order to facilitate the research process.
• Foreign experts should be approached in order to use their expertise and experience in
order to implement the ideas in Pakistan and to develop genetically modified seeds
that are custom designed for the weather conditions of Pakistan.

14. SOLAR ENERGY PRODUCTSAND
LOGISTICS SUPPORTTECHNOLOGY:
■ Power andWater storage and prevention of wastage shold be of the utmost
importance and R&D should be used in order to develop solutions specifically for
Pakistan.
■ AquaAgro- a drone based smart agricultural solution for effective farming should be
modified and implemented for agriculture reforms.

15. INSTITUTEOF AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT
■ Institute of agricultural development- an idea to develop an department specifically
for the agricultural reforms, research and development in order to increase the
productivity of the sector.
■ Product development, marketing and commercializing the custom seeds and pest
should be under this body.
■ This body should also work towards the training and development of farmers in order
to make them equipped to use the modern agricultural tools.

17. THANKYOU