The document describes courses offered by Product School to help product managers gain skills. It includes part-time courses in product management, coding, data analytics, digital marketing, UX design, product leadership, and corporate training. The document also previews an upcoming speaker, Jason Rosen, who will discuss how to price cloud products.
13. As a Product Manager,
I want to tell you about...
Product Management & Pricing
Creating Value for Customers
Value Selling vs. Feature Selling
Pricing Models
Pricing Methodologies
so you can grow your PM perspective
14. Pricing and Product Management
Lots of books about Startups and Product-Market-
Fit, which often imply pricing:
15. Creating Value for Customers
Product-Value Cycle
ProductProduct Managers Customers
Create Value
Re
Payment
Return Value
16. Product Managers:
Deliver products that create disproportionate value
for customers
Customers:
1. Use product and receive value
2. Pay for product and return some value back to
product managers
Value Cycle Economics:
Value created and received must be significantly
greater than the payment for the product
17. Pricing and Product Management
01 PM’s are responsible for researching Customer needs,
Competitor offerings, Product-Market-Fit
02 PM’s identify customer personas and determining product
features that provide value to customers
03 Value of new features and pricing should be considered before
investing in product features. Are the features worth building?
Will customers pay for them? Where to invest and where to
divest?
Pricing needs to be owned & aligned by Product:
18. There are Many Ways to Pay
Time and Attention - monetize other customers
Data - sell access to insights
Influence - attract other customers, increase adoption
Money - transferrable value
19. Value Selling vs. Feature Selling
Customers don't buy features, they buy outcomes
that create value:
20. Value Selling vs. Feature Selling
Don’t SELL features… SELL outcomes!
Don’t PRICE features… PACKAGE features!
24. Packaging & Metrics
01 Packaging must represent how customers use the product.
Features must create value for the intended user.
02 Metric must represent a unit your customer understands.
03 Metric must represent predictable consumption and billing.
Effective Packaging and Metrics:
25. Pricing Models
Free
Examples: social networks, search
“You're Not the Customer; You're the Product”
… not really
You are a customer and receiving value, just you are
paying with time and attention
Other customers are paying cash for access to you
26. Pricing Models
Freemium
Examples: games, apps
Small percentage convert to cash customers. Non-cash
customers still pay with time, attention, and data.
Able to use core product for free. Additional packages or
metrics require cash payment
27. Pricing Models
Tiered
Examples: B2B, productivity
Features packaged based on type of user or functions
performed.
Each tier represents a different user / customer persona
Pricing reflects benefits received by the persona
Typically there are volume price breaks as you go up the tiers
28. Pricing Models
Pay-as-you-go / Pay-per-use
Examples: payments, advertising, PaaS, IaaS
Metrics are often very granular
Only pay for what you use
Can scale-up and scale-down as needed - allows for
fluctuating volumes
Per-unit, may be more expensive for the customer than
reserve bulk buying
29. Customer Willingness to Pay
Customersmust be willing to pay to receive the value
Price Sensitivity - what is the most a customer is
willing to pay?
Customer must receive value (ROI) using the product
Value customer receives must be a multiple of cost
(at least 5x - 10x)
30. Customer Willingness to Pay Example
Say you are self-employed and bill $100/hour. You spend 12 hours per week
managing your books and invoicing customers. There are approx 4.3 weeks
per month.
QuickBooks estimates that their customers save approx 40 hours per
month on accounting.
Without QuickBooks:
12 hrs/wk x 4.3 wks/mon = 51.6 hrs/mon on accounting
With QuickBooks:
51.6 hrs/mon - 40 hrs/mon = 11.6 hrs/mon on accounting
Let’s say 20 of those 40 saved hours can become billable hours:
20 hrs/mon * $100/hour = $2000 more made per month
ROI With Quickbooks:
$2000 benefit/mon ÷ $70 subscription/mon = 2800% ROI
31. Cost Plus + Value Pricing
Cost of
Sales
Minimum
Margin
Hosting Costs
Licensing / Subscription Costs
Dev Ops costs
Support Costs
Floor Price
(minimum price
willing to sell)
Value
Margin
Value Range
(where price ~ 10% of
value customer receives)
List Price
(max customer
willing to pay)
32. Floor Price:
Minimum price willing to sell
List Price:
Maximum customer is willing to pay
Sale Price:
Actual price customer paid for product
33. Today we discussed:
How PM’s create value for customers
How customers pay for value
Selling and Pricing value
Pricing Models
Pricing Methodologies
34. Thank you!
Feel free to contact me with any
questions or comments:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/rosenjason/ Jason Rosen
"As you checked in we sent you an email to join our online communities, events, and to apply for product management jobs. As members of the Product School community we'd like to provide you with these resources at your disposal."
Education: Psychology, Research Statistics, AI/ML, Business, Biochemistry
Career: Software Engineering, Consulting, Product Management, Product Strategy
Focus on business transformation through technology and automation
Product Management is the intersection of Psychology, Statistics, Business & Technology
There are lots of books that talk about Product/Market Fit for startups:
The Lean Startup
Lean Product Playbook
PMs create value - value creation
customers use product... unlock / receive the value
customer pay for the product - value capture
returns value to PM organization - cycle restarts
Not a lot about pricing and how much to charge and how to determine how much customers are willing to pay - pay validation
PM's understand customer needs, competitor offerings, market-fit, therefore product value to the customer
Since PM's create value for the customer by determining product features and personas, pricing needs to be closely aligned to the product
Value of new features and Pricing should be considered before investing in product features. Are the features worth building? Will customers pay for them?
Where to invest vs. where to divest
Money isn't the only currency - currencies:
Time and attention (double-sided marketplace can monetize other customers - advertisers)
Data (can sell access to insights or use insights to sell to other paying customers)
Influence (attract other customers - increase adoption)
Money
Customers don't buy features, they buy outcomes that create value
Users don't use Instagram because they can post video... they use Instagram because their audience lives there... and posting video creates more value
Don't sell features... sell outcomes.
Don't price features... price outcomes.
Customers don't buy features, they buy outcomes that create value
Users don't use Instagram because they can post video... they use Instagram because their audience lives there... and posting video creates more value
Don't sell features... sell outcomes.
Don't price features... price outcomes.
Units by which you charge customers
No matter which Pricing Model you choose, you must choose a metric
Metric must represent a unit that your customers understand
Customers respond best when pricing is predictable - understanding how the metric maps to usage is key
Examples:
User Per Month
API Call
Credits (games)
Revenue
Per Sale / Per Order
Per Click
Resources (Storage, Compute, Bandwidth, etc)
Units by which you charge customers
No matter which Pricing Model you choose, you must choose a metric
Metric must represent a unit that your customers understand
Customers respond best when pricing is predictable - understanding how the metric maps to usage is key
Examples:
User Per Month
API Call
Credits (games)
Revenue
Per Sale / Per Order
Per Click
Resources (Storage, Compute, Bandwidth, etc)
Units by which you charge customers
No matter which Pricing Model you choose, you must choose a metric
Metric must represent a unit that your customers understand
Customers respond best when pricing is predictable - understanding how the metric maps to usage is key
Examples:
User Per Month
API Call
Credits (games)
Revenue
Per Sale / Per Order
Per Click
Resources (Storage, Compute, Bandwidth, etc)
Units by which you charge customers
No matter which Pricing Model you choose, you must choose a metric
Metric must represent a unit that your customers understand
Customers respond best when pricing is predictable - understanding how the metric maps to usage is key
Examples:
User Per Month
API Call
Credits (games)
Revenue
Per Sale / Per Order
Per Click
Resources (Storage, Compute, Bandwidth, etc)
Free
Examples: Social networks, Search
If you're not the customer, you're the product
Not really true.... you are the customer, just you are paying with time and attention - others are paying for access to you
Pros:
Cons:
Freemium
Examples: Apps, games
Small percentage become paying customers. Non-paying customers build an ecosystem for paying customers. (Games need opponents)
Or... some basic features available for free - need to become paying customer to access more features
Pros:
Cons:
Tiered
Examples: B2B software
Each tier represents a different user / customer persona - features grouped based on type of user or functions performed.
Pros:
Cons:
Pay-as-you-go / pay-per-use
Examples: Payments, Advertising, Infrastructure
Only pay for what you use.
Pros:
Cons:
Free
Examples: Social networks, Search
If you're not the customer, you're the product
Not really true.... you are the customer, just you are paying with time and attention - others are paying for access to you
Pros:
Cons:
Freemium
Examples: Apps, games
Small percentage become paying customers. Non-paying customers build an ecosystem for paying customers. (Games need opponents)
Or... some basic features available for free - need to become paying customer to access more features
Pros:
Cons:
Tiered
Examples: B2B software
Each tier represents a different user / customer persona - features grouped based on type of user or functions performed.
Pros:
Cons:
Pay-as-you-go / pay-per-use
Examples: Payments, Advertising, Infrastructure
Only pay for what you use.
Pros:
Cons:
Free
Examples: Social networks, Search
If you're not the customer, you're the product
Not really true.... you are the customer, just you are paying with time and attention - others are paying for access to you
Pros:
Cons:
Freemium
Examples: Apps, games
Small percentage become paying customers. Non-paying customers build an ecosystem for paying customers. (Games need opponents)
Or... some basic features available for free - need to become paying customer to access more features
Pros:
Cons:
Tiered
Examples: B2B software
Each tier represents a different user / customer persona - features grouped based on type of user or functions performed.
Pros:
Cons:
Pay-as-you-go / pay-per-use
Examples: Payments, Advertising, Infrastructure
Only pay for what you use.
Pros:
Cons:
Free
Examples: Social networks, Search
If you're not the customer, you're the product
Not really true.... you are the customer, just you are paying with time and attention - others are paying for access to you
Pros:
Cons:
Freemium
Examples: Apps, games
Small percentage become paying customers. Non-paying customers build an ecosystem for paying customers. (Games need opponents)
Or... some basic features available for free - need to become paying customer to access more features
Pros:
Cons:
Tiered
Examples: B2B software
Each tier represents a different user / customer persona - features grouped based on type of user or functions performed.
Pros:
Cons:
Pay-as-you-go / pay-per-use
Examples: Payments, Advertising, Infrastructure
Only pay for what you use.
Pros:
Cons:
Customer Willingness to Pay
Customer must be willing to pay to receive the value
Price sensitivity - what is the most a customer is willing to pay for your product
Customer must receive value (ROI) by using the product
Value can be calculated by determining:
Save time - better results faster
Cost Savings... automating this process results in less resources (cashier, support, etc).
Cost to implement process themselves
Increase in revenue / more sales
Decrease customer acquisition costs
Increase customer lifetime value
Value received by customer must be a multiple of cost incurred (up to 10x)
Cost vs. Value
Victorinox watch: $350 cost - $1000 value = 300% markup
Rolex watch: $1000 cost - $5000 value = 500% markup
Customer Willingness to Pay
Customer must be willing to pay to receive the value
Price sensitivity - what is the most a customer is willing to pay for your product
Customer must receive value (ROI) by using the product
Value can be calculated by determining:
Save time - better results faster
Cost Savings... automating this process results in less resources (cashier, support, etc).
Cost to implement process themselves
Increase in revenue / more sales
Decrease customer acquisition costs
Increase customer lifetime value
Value received by customer must be a multiple of cost incurred (up to 10x)
Cost vs. Value
Victorinox watch: $350 cost - $1000 value = 300% markup
Rolex watch: $1000 cost - $5000 value = 500% markup
Cost Plus Pricing
Costs + Minimum margin = Floor Price (lowest price you will sell)
Costs: hosting + delivery costs + support costs
Hosting Costs (Compute, Storage, Bandwidth, etc)
Licensing / Subscription Costs (3rd party services, OEM)
Dev Ops costs (human resource, tools)
Support Costs (human resource, tools)
Minimum margin: minimum amount you are willing to make as gross profit
Value customers receive (ROI) must be greater than the floor price
Value Pricing
Value range = floor price to customer willingness to pay maximum
Anything in-between can be discounted
Customers should receive a healthy ROI multiple on your price... 5x - 10x
Rely on Marketing and Sales to drive value proposition to capture price toward the higher-end of the value range