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How to Design an On-Demand Transit
Service
August 20th, 2020
Webinar
Pantonium 2020 ©
Webinar Agenda
What is on-demand transit1
Making a service area that grows ridership2
Case Studies3
Outcomes and metrics to consider4
Questions5
Pantonium 2020 ©
Equitable
Sustainable
Convenient
Planning Transit
Universal Goals
This document is the proprietary and confidential information of Pantonium Inc.
and is only for the person to whom it is addressed
Macrotransit
Source: The State of Demand-Responsive Transit in Canada, July, 2020. Dr. Willem Klumpenhouwer Postdoctoral Fellow Transit Analytics Lab
University of Toronto
Designing a Service Area for On-Demand Transit
Complementary System Supplementary System
Primary Service Area for
On-Demand Transit
- Include all bus stops
- Coordinate with outside
services like fixed route
and door to door
- Simple and convenient for
all riders
Service Area Example:
RTC’s “Trip-to-Strip”
Microtransit Pilot
June - December 2019
Do people live, work,
and shop in your
service area?
The “Walmart” Principle:
Any successful on-demand
transit service area will have a
large retail and employment
center that generates the
most trips
St. Albert Transit
St. Albert
Transit
Fixed Route Bus
Network 2020
It works during the
day but how do you
cover it during the
night with only two
buses?
All of St. Albert’s
Bus Stops
Create Primary
Service Area
St. Albert
Transit
St. Albert
Transit
On-Demand Bus
Travel Patterns from
GPS
Buses go
everywhere, service
is focused on high
demand corridor but
all other routes are
covered
Ozark Regional Transit
Ozark Regional Transit
- Only one bus route to cover entire
city of Rogers
- Limited resources for any service
- No idea where the demand was or
where it wanted to go
Gaps in Stop Coverage
The Golden Rule
● 1300 foot radius drawn from every stop
● This is the most empirically supported optimal
distance between transit stops according to
both survey data and user behaviour
Opportunities for
Coverage Expansion
Why Even Bother?
● These gaps exist because they aren’t
popular to begin with
● In a fixed route, introducing stops in
these low demand areas means less
efficiency and higher costs
● In ODT, the vehicle only visits these
stops when there is a request
Convenience + Latent Demand
● Riders in these areas will have transfer
free mobility across Rogers
● Opening up additional stops = tapping
into latent demand from riders who’s
travel is now convenient
● Only 7 stops radically improve coverage
in key points of interest
On-Demand Transit
Objectives
Typical Service Cost
What’s the cost for night service in a city of 75,000?
- $100 per vehicle hour
- 5 days/week
- 3 hours/day
- 8 buses
- 10 riders/SH
- 240 riders/day
- $10/trip
$624,000 Annual Cost of Night Service
$78,000 Annual Cost per vehicle for Night Service
OpEx Impact of Macrotransit
Original Annual cost of $640,000/year
# Buses Annual SH Annual $ R/SH Trip Cost Op $ Saved
3 2,340 $ 234,000 27 $ 3.75 $ 390,000
4 3,120 $ 312,000 20 $ 5.00 $ 312,000
5 3,900 $ 390,000 16 $ 6.25 $ 234,000
6 4,680 $ 468,000 13 $ 7.50 $ 156,000
Secondary Objectives
• Increasing Ridership: On-demand
transit can increase the amount
of riders that an existing service
can carry without increasing
service hours
• Increasing Coverage: More bus
stops can be covered by the
same number of vehicles without
increasing service hours
Tertiary Objectives
● Saving bus maintenance / gas
● Gathering data
● Replacing consultants
● Collecting payments
● Automating dispatch
● Improving rider experience
● Reducing environmental impacts
● Covering transit deserts or
disadvantaged communities
● Providing first/last mile service
Questions to ask yourself as a designer
Who - is going to ride this?
What - are the resources available?
Where - is best for the service area?
When - is the best time to run this?
Why - do you want to do this?
Once you know what you want, you only have to decide HOW
Ride-hailing Services On-Demand Microtransit On-Demand Macrotransit
Rides per service hour: 1-2
Cost per trip: $7-$44
Service area size: 1-5 sq.
miles
Rides per service hour: 3-6
Cost per trip: $20
Service area size: 2-10 sq.
miles
Rides per service hour: 20-30
Cost per trip: $4.60
Service area size: 10-60 sq.
miles
Questions?
Pantonium 2020 ©
Thank you
& Stay Safe
www.pantonium.com
Pantonium 2020 ©

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How to Design an On-Demand Transit Service

  • 1. How to Design an On-Demand Transit Service August 20th, 2020 Webinar Pantonium 2020 ©
  • 2. Webinar Agenda What is on-demand transit1 Making a service area that grows ridership2 Case Studies3 Outcomes and metrics to consider4 Questions5 Pantonium 2020 ©
  • 3. Equitable Sustainable Convenient Planning Transit Universal Goals This document is the proprietary and confidential information of Pantonium Inc. and is only for the person to whom it is addressed
  • 4. Macrotransit Source: The State of Demand-Responsive Transit in Canada, July, 2020. Dr. Willem Klumpenhouwer Postdoctoral Fellow Transit Analytics Lab University of Toronto
  • 5. Designing a Service Area for On-Demand Transit Complementary System Supplementary System
  • 6. Primary Service Area for On-Demand Transit - Include all bus stops - Coordinate with outside services like fixed route and door to door - Simple and convenient for all riders
  • 7. Service Area Example: RTC’s “Trip-to-Strip” Microtransit Pilot June - December 2019 Do people live, work, and shop in your service area?
  • 8. The “Walmart” Principle: Any successful on-demand transit service area will have a large retail and employment center that generates the most trips
  • 10. St. Albert Transit Fixed Route Bus Network 2020 It works during the day but how do you cover it during the night with only two buses?
  • 11. All of St. Albert’s Bus Stops Create Primary Service Area St. Albert Transit
  • 12. St. Albert Transit On-Demand Bus Travel Patterns from GPS Buses go everywhere, service is focused on high demand corridor but all other routes are covered
  • 14. Ozark Regional Transit - Only one bus route to cover entire city of Rogers - Limited resources for any service - No idea where the demand was or where it wanted to go
  • 15. Gaps in Stop Coverage The Golden Rule ● 1300 foot radius drawn from every stop ● This is the most empirically supported optimal distance between transit stops according to both survey data and user behaviour
  • 16. Opportunities for Coverage Expansion Why Even Bother? ● These gaps exist because they aren’t popular to begin with ● In a fixed route, introducing stops in these low demand areas means less efficiency and higher costs ● In ODT, the vehicle only visits these stops when there is a request Convenience + Latent Demand ● Riders in these areas will have transfer free mobility across Rogers ● Opening up additional stops = tapping into latent demand from riders who’s travel is now convenient ● Only 7 stops radically improve coverage in key points of interest
  • 18. Typical Service Cost What’s the cost for night service in a city of 75,000? - $100 per vehicle hour - 5 days/week - 3 hours/day - 8 buses - 10 riders/SH - 240 riders/day - $10/trip $624,000 Annual Cost of Night Service $78,000 Annual Cost per vehicle for Night Service
  • 19. OpEx Impact of Macrotransit Original Annual cost of $640,000/year # Buses Annual SH Annual $ R/SH Trip Cost Op $ Saved 3 2,340 $ 234,000 27 $ 3.75 $ 390,000 4 3,120 $ 312,000 20 $ 5.00 $ 312,000 5 3,900 $ 390,000 16 $ 6.25 $ 234,000 6 4,680 $ 468,000 13 $ 7.50 $ 156,000
  • 20. Secondary Objectives • Increasing Ridership: On-demand transit can increase the amount of riders that an existing service can carry without increasing service hours • Increasing Coverage: More bus stops can be covered by the same number of vehicles without increasing service hours
  • 21. Tertiary Objectives ● Saving bus maintenance / gas ● Gathering data ● Replacing consultants ● Collecting payments ● Automating dispatch ● Improving rider experience ● Reducing environmental impacts ● Covering transit deserts or disadvantaged communities ● Providing first/last mile service
  • 22. Questions to ask yourself as a designer Who - is going to ride this? What - are the resources available? Where - is best for the service area? When - is the best time to run this? Why - do you want to do this?
  • 23. Once you know what you want, you only have to decide HOW Ride-hailing Services On-Demand Microtransit On-Demand Macrotransit Rides per service hour: 1-2 Cost per trip: $7-$44 Service area size: 1-5 sq. miles Rides per service hour: 3-6 Cost per trip: $20 Service area size: 2-10 sq. miles Rides per service hour: 20-30 Cost per trip: $4.60 Service area size: 10-60 sq. miles
  • 25. Thank you & Stay Safe www.pantonium.com Pantonium 2020 ©