SGPA is the Sessional Grade Point Average calculated each semester by dividing the total grade points earned by the total credits for courses taken in that semester. CGPA is the Cumulative Grade Point Average calculated by dividing the total grade points earned over all semesters by the total credits taken over all semesters. The document provides examples of calculating SGPA for a semester where the student earned 38.25 grade points over 11 credits, yielding an SGPA of 3.48. It also provides an example of calculating CGPA where the student earned a total of 161.64 grade points over 48 credits over 4 semesters, yielding a CGPA of 3.37.