Fiber optics work by guiding light down thin glass or plastic strands called optical fibers. Light reflects off the inner surface of these fibers due to total internal reflection. This allows light signals to be transmitted over long distances. For example, during WWII naval ships would use signal lights and Morse code to communicate by having sailors transmit messages to each other across ships. Optical fibers have advantages over copper wires like being less expensive, having a higher carrying capacity, and being well-suited for digital signals. They are also flexible and can transmit light signals without interference.