Vigilant control of dyeing conditions like temperature, time, chemical concentrations, and material-to-liquor ratios is needed to ensure an even shade. Potential dyeing defects include uneven or cloudy dyeing, barrenness, shade variation between rolls, dye patches, softener marks, tone variation, crease and rope marks, poor light and rub fastness, fabric damage, shade bars, dye stains, and colour crocking where dye rubs off onto other fabrics. Printing defects can arise from thread distortions, misprints, unevenness, blurred patches, water marks, misregistration, small unprinted circles, and bleeding of printed areas.

2. Dyeing process needs very vigilant control on the dyeing
conditions, like the temperature, time, colour concentration
and ratios, chemicals used, and the material to liquor ratio,
to ensure even shade in the batch

3. Dyeing Defects

4. 1. Unlevelled/
Cloudy Dyeing

5. 2. Barriness

6. 3. Reproducibility /
Shade Variation

7. 4. Dyeing Patches

8. 5. Softener Marks

9. 6. Tonal Variation:
The tone of the fabric dye
varies with or between
rolls of the same lot

10. 7. Crease and Rope Marks:
Dark and haphazard lines,
broken or continuous, that
appear in the fabric

11. 8. Poor Light Fastness

12. 9. Poor Wet and
Rub Fastness

13. 10. Fabric Tendering

14. 11. Shade Bar

15. 12. Dye stains

16. 13. White Spots

17. 14. Colour Crocking:
The colour of the dyed
fabric rubs off or
transfers to the other
fabric surfaces

18. Printing Defects

19. 1. Print distortion due
to hanging thread: The
pattern of the print
breaks where hanging
thread appears

20. 2. Misprint: if the print
is not as per the design
required, or the outlines
and the filled in colours
in the designed are not
aligned properly or
there is an absence of
print at a particular
spot or spots

21. 3. Uneven print:
Fabric’s print has a tint
or bold and dull spaces

22. 4. Blurred or Dark
Patches: Fabric’s print
has a tint or bold and
dull spaces

23. 5. Water Mark: Ripple
effect in the print

24. 6. Misfits: Out of
Registration print or the
incorrect alignment of
the print leading to
overlapping of colours
or patterns in the
final print

25. 7. Stick in: Small
unprinted circle in the
final design

26. 8. Scrimps: Small
unprinted circle in the
final design

27. 9. Wicking/Flushing:
printed area bleeding
out on the unprinted
area on the fabric
causing a shadow effect
around the print

28. Visit www.stitchdiary.com
to read the full article on Garment Defects

29. References:
http://www.slideshare.net/prabukrishnaa/garment-dyeing-techniques
http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/17/1623/dyeing1.asp
http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/17/1623/dyeing1.asp
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html
http://dyeingworld1.blogspot.in/2010/01/hthp-package-dyeing-machines.html