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<Home/Control>
D-I-Y Project
Tomasz Walasek
Problem
Suppose you are a US or EU citizen, house owner and travel a lot. How would you
supervise and control your property, such as a house, from a distance of 2000 km?
This project provides one possible answer, independently of the current Internet of
Things and Smart Home hype.
It‘s a case study, showing key elements of my concept and implementation, with no
intent of recommending any particular hardware or software vendor.
TW, 2016
Functional Requirements
Create ONE, scalable system to
• measure real-time variables inside and outside the house
– Temperature
– Humidity
– Electricity
– Gas
– Various alarms
• control central heating (house and water)
• control ventilation system
• control other devices (such as cameras, blinds, light, audio, etc.)
• store data and generate reports
• allow remote access
• allow remote administration
TW, 2016
Constraints and Preferences
• Existing LAN and internet connection must be used for communication with User
(TCP/IP)
– the most natural and cheapest option
• Communication with sensors and actors via I2C protocol
– to leverage existing cabling in the house and guarantee reliability
– to benefit from wide availability of low-cost I2C chips
• Open Source software architecture is required
– to ensure that software is expandable and “you know what’s going on” (as opposed to black-box
embedded solutions)
TW, 2016
Central Hardware Components
1
2
TW, 2016
Central Hardware Components
Central Computer: ALL3505 from allnet.de
This compact unit, based on the RISC RT3352 processor from Ralink has
been chosen due to its unique features:
- 8 external ports for I2C buses
- Open Source Linux and firmware
- DIN rail mounting
- low power
- excellent support by provider
Digital I/O (I2C) modules: PCF8574-based kits from horter.de
Easy mountable, general-purpose I/O interfaces
Each module provides 8 I/O channels
1
2
TW, 2016
Distributed Hardware Components
• Temperature sensors LM92
• Humidity and temperature sensors
SHT71 and SHT21
• Counters
• A/D converters
Note: All my devices are wired to the
I2C bus. This is my preferred way.
Wireless sensors can also be used via
Plugwise and EnOcean interfaces
integrated in ALL3505, if necessary.
TW, 2016
Distributed Hardware Components
Various types of
relays
• 5V
• 24V
• 220V
TW, 2016
System Software (Firmware)
• Linux
• Apache web server
• PHP, XML, SQLite
• I2C Drivers written in C
• Web User Interface written in PHP
• System configuration stored in a small SQLite database
TW, 2016
Application Software
• Allnet firmware has been amended with a new process (coded in PHP) that
reads sensors and switches on/off HVAC actors (gas burner, pumps, dampers,
fans) according to the state transition diagram shown on the next slide
• Other actors are controlled on a simple weekly schedule basis
• Automatic mode can be suspended at any time and actors controlled manually
in the web user interface (“engineering mode”)
• System state is recorded with the interval of 15 minutes and all results can be
downloaded for reporting
• Application parameters can be changed in the web user interface
• System administration and code maintenance via SSH and FTP
TW, 2016
State Transition Diagram
TW, 2016
States and Transitions
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Web User Interface
TW, 2016
Report
TW, 2016
XML interface
TW, 2016
System status, sensors, and actors can be read or set directly via HTTP requests in XML
format. This is, effectively, a simple form of API for those who would like to build their
own user interface or integrate with other system(s).
Summary
TW, 2016
• My system has been in continuous operation for 2 years and performs very well.
• Hardware layer (central and distributed components) was relatively easy to build
from the variety of circuits and modules available on the market. Only very basic
electronic skill was required.
• Integration with the house electrical network was done by a professional
electrician.
• Software customization and development were the most interesting parts of this
project for me. These tasks were highly facilitated by the availability of source code
from allnet.de and the open nature of Linux.
• I would recommend everybody planning their own home automation to choose an
Open Source solution. Do not be discouraged by the need of programming. In the
Digital Age it gradually becomes basic skill anyway :-)

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HomeControl

  • 2. Problem Suppose you are a US or EU citizen, house owner and travel a lot. How would you supervise and control your property, such as a house, from a distance of 2000 km? This project provides one possible answer, independently of the current Internet of Things and Smart Home hype. It‘s a case study, showing key elements of my concept and implementation, with no intent of recommending any particular hardware or software vendor. TW, 2016
  • 3. Functional Requirements Create ONE, scalable system to • measure real-time variables inside and outside the house – Temperature – Humidity – Electricity – Gas – Various alarms • control central heating (house and water) • control ventilation system • control other devices (such as cameras, blinds, light, audio, etc.) • store data and generate reports • allow remote access • allow remote administration TW, 2016
  • 4. Constraints and Preferences • Existing LAN and internet connection must be used for communication with User (TCP/IP) – the most natural and cheapest option • Communication with sensors and actors via I2C protocol – to leverage existing cabling in the house and guarantee reliability – to benefit from wide availability of low-cost I2C chips • Open Source software architecture is required – to ensure that software is expandable and “you know what’s going on” (as opposed to black-box embedded solutions) TW, 2016
  • 6. Central Hardware Components Central Computer: ALL3505 from allnet.de This compact unit, based on the RISC RT3352 processor from Ralink has been chosen due to its unique features: - 8 external ports for I2C buses - Open Source Linux and firmware - DIN rail mounting - low power - excellent support by provider Digital I/O (I2C) modules: PCF8574-based kits from horter.de Easy mountable, general-purpose I/O interfaces Each module provides 8 I/O channels 1 2 TW, 2016
  • 7. Distributed Hardware Components • Temperature sensors LM92 • Humidity and temperature sensors SHT71 and SHT21 • Counters • A/D converters Note: All my devices are wired to the I2C bus. This is my preferred way. Wireless sensors can also be used via Plugwise and EnOcean interfaces integrated in ALL3505, if necessary. TW, 2016
  • 8. Distributed Hardware Components Various types of relays • 5V • 24V • 220V TW, 2016
  • 9. System Software (Firmware) • Linux • Apache web server • PHP, XML, SQLite • I2C Drivers written in C • Web User Interface written in PHP • System configuration stored in a small SQLite database TW, 2016
  • 10. Application Software • Allnet firmware has been amended with a new process (coded in PHP) that reads sensors and switches on/off HVAC actors (gas burner, pumps, dampers, fans) according to the state transition diagram shown on the next slide • Other actors are controlled on a simple weekly schedule basis • Automatic mode can be suspended at any time and actors controlled manually in the web user interface (“engineering mode”) • System state is recorded with the interval of 15 minutes and all results can be downloaded for reporting • Application parameters can be changed in the web user interface • System administration and code maintenance via SSH and FTP TW, 2016
  • 20. XML interface TW, 2016 System status, sensors, and actors can be read or set directly via HTTP requests in XML format. This is, effectively, a simple form of API for those who would like to build their own user interface or integrate with other system(s).
  • 21. Summary TW, 2016 • My system has been in continuous operation for 2 years and performs very well. • Hardware layer (central and distributed components) was relatively easy to build from the variety of circuits and modules available on the market. Only very basic electronic skill was required. • Integration with the house electrical network was done by a professional electrician. • Software customization and development were the most interesting parts of this project for me. These tasks were highly facilitated by the availability of source code from allnet.de and the open nature of Linux. • I would recommend everybody planning their own home automation to choose an Open Source solution. Do not be discouraged by the need of programming. In the Digital Age it gradually becomes basic skill anyway :-)