History of machines from simple tools to intelligent robots

1. History of Machines
for Zoey and Kaya
Created by GrandBob
Muse
Grandma

2. History of Machines

3. This is an excerpt from World History Lessons for Zoey and Kaya
Clickable links begin on next slide.

4. Machines from
Simple Tools to
Intelligent Robots
Industrial Revolution 1700-1900 Industrial Revolution England Timeline
Industrial Inventions Timeline Machine Images

5. Machines
Definition of Machine:
A machine is a device that uses energy to perform some activity or task.
A machine (or mechanical device) is a mechanical structure that uses power to apply forces
and control movement to perform an intended action. Machines can be driven by animals
and people, by natural forces such as wind and water, and by chemical, thermal, or electrical
power, and include a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a
specific application of output forces and movement. They can also include computers and
sensors that monitor performance and plan movement, often called mechanical systems.
A Machine is an artificial object that takes in inputs and produces useful outputs
A Processor is an object that takes in inputs and produces useful outputs
Mechanical Device

6. Simple Tools

7. Before Steam Engine
Water MillsHero of Alexandria Catapult
Gun Powder Coal
Hero’s Steam Toy 70 AD

8. 4 Stages of Industry
Industrie 4.0

9. Steam Engine (Industry 1.0)
James Watt
Steam Engine
Steam Locomotive
Steam Ship

10. Science of Engines (Thermodynamics)
Ideal Gas Law: PV = nkT
Pressure * Volume = Number of Molecules * Constant * Temperature in Kelvin
Work = Force * Distance
Power = Work/Time
F = M *A
Force =- Mass * Acceleration

11. Weaving Engine (Industry 1.0)
Luddites
Cartwright
Jacquard

12. Calculating Engines
Charles Babbage 1871
Ada Lovelace
Programmer
Analytic Engine
Difference Engine
Was supposed to calculate values
of polynomials. Finally built in 1989
Polynomial = 2 + 3 * x + 5*x^2 ….
General Purpose Computer. Never built.
Calculating Engines Designer

13. Factories (Industry 2.0)
Modern Times
Assembly Line
Industrial Revolution
Garment Factory
Henry Ford
Electronics Factory

14. Gasoline Engine
Transportation
Automobile 1886
Plane 1903
Gottlieb
Daimler
Karl Benz
Wright Brothers
Orville Wilbur

15. Electricity
Edison (DC)
Faraday
Maxwell 1855
Tesla (AC)
Ohm’s Law
V = I * R
Voltage = Current * Resistance
Ohm
Charge produces electrical field
No magnetic charge (monopole)
Changing magnetic field
produces electric field
Current + Changing electrical
field produces magnetic field
Lorenz Force Law
F = qE + qv × B.
Light is Electromagnetic Wave
E = Electric Force
B = Magnetic force
c = Speed of Light
Tesla
Kirchoff Laws
Sum of Currents at Nodes = 0
Sum of Voltages in Loop = 0
Watts = Voltage * Current
1
23
4
I(1) + I(2) + I(4) = 0
V(1) + V(2) + V(3) = 0
Lorentz
DC
vs.
AC

16. Electronics
Vacuum Tube Transistors Microprocessors
ShockleyDeForest Bardeen
Moore
Moore
Moore’s Law: Computer power
doubles every 2 years. In 40 years
has increased by a million times
Intel ARM Nvidia GPUMerger

17. Communications
Elements of Radio
Kleinrock
Hertz
Marconi 1897
Great Grandfather
Internet (Cerf)
Web
(Berners-Lee)
Web 2.0
(Zuckerberg)
Morse 1832
Bell 1876
Sarnoff
Web
HTTP
TCP
IP
NAC
Packet Switching
Apps
Bush 1946
Code
Shannon
Phone
Single Path
Connection

18. Computers (Industry 3.0)
Von Neumann
Alan Turing
IBM
Mainframes(70’s)
Digital
Minicomputers (80’s)
Microsoft PCs (90’s) Apple iPhone (00’s)
Amazon Cloud (10’s)
Dave Cutler
Olson
Watson
Gates
Jobs
Bezos
Supercomputer(20’s ) Cloud does
many small jobs
quickly (freeway)
Supercomputer
does a few large jobs
very quickly (plane)
Test
Architecture
Machine
Halting Problem
Cook
P vs NP

19. Computers in Factories
Industrial Internet of Things
Internet of Everything
Internet of
Things

20. Robotics
Fundamentals of RoboticsHistory of Robotics
Drones
Asimov 1950 Capek 1920 Devol 1954
3 Laws of Robotics R.U.R First Robot
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PLk8Pm_XBJE&t=17s

21. Robots in Factories
Unimate Robot

22. Robots in Movies
R.U.R Lost in Space Star Wars Forbidden Planet
The Day the Earth
Stood Still Terminator Star Trek Wall-E

23. Future: Intelligent Machines
Singularity
Boston Dynamics
Self Driving Cars
Aibo
Sofia
Mars Rover
Digital Immortality
Cyborg