The document provides an overview of machine tools, which are vital in shaping materials into desired forms and tolerances. It traces the evolution of machine tools from ancient times, including significant inventions like the lathe and milling machine, leading to modern CNC and laser machining technologies. Various power sources and advancements over centuries are discussed, highlighting the transition from manual to automated machine operations.

1. By
Chethan kumar
MSRIT
M.S.RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY

2. What is machine tool?
 Machine tools are machines that give special forms to the
materials in desired shapes and tolerances.
 These can be metal forming, machining, welding, casting
machines or plastic processing machines, non-traditional
manufacturing machines…

3. Cont,

4. Evolution of M/c Tools
Pole Lathe

5. Pole Lathes
• Non-continuous
Cutting Action
• “One man’s foot power”
motor
• Slow, Tedious Process

6. Bow Lathe & Drill
 The first machine tool were the bow lathe & drill
 They have been dated back to about 1200 Bc.
 Earlist object ever found made by M/c tool was bowl in 700 Bc.
Bow Lathe

7. Wheel Lathe
Wheel Lathe
 In 1600 the saw mill & grace
mill were introduce.
 Replace Pole
with a Wheel
 Hand-cranked by assistant
 Continuous Cutting &
Contouring

8. Treadle & Water Lathe
Water powered tools was
developed in 1774 by
john wilkinson

9. James Watt
 In 1775 James watt first experimented steam
engine .
 The wheel in machine tools were replaced by
steam engine.
 These was the 1st mill stone in the modern
machine tool.
Hendry Maudsely
•In 1800 the first lathe capable of cutting accurate
screw threads was designed by the Hendry
Maudsely .
•2nd Mile stone
•In the early 1800 Tom blancher introduced Copy
lathe.
Modern machine tool

10. Eli Whitney’s Milling Machine
Eli Whitney
 In 1820 Eli whitney introduced the
milling machine.
 For armor parts
 In 1860 the UAS adopted a std
measuring system.
 In 1875 the machines were capable
of attending same accuracy .

11. James Nasmyth
 1829 - 1831 built milling
machine with indexing fixture.
 the invention of the shaper &
planner in 1836.
 In 1854 invented power steam
hammer
Index Milling
Shaper

12. Turret Lathe
Turret Lathe
In 1845 Stephen Fitch invented Turret Lathe .

13. Power to machine
 By natural sources
 By human power
 By steam power ( 1775)
 By engine (1880)nickolaus
August otto.
 By electric motor (1890) Electric Motor
EngineSteam

14. Numerical Machine
John .T. Parsons
 These NC machines were created
in the late 1940s by John .T.
Parsons at MIT.
 Under US Airforce
 Nc were controlled by paper punch
tape, then magnet tape.

15. CNC
 The Computer Aided Design and
Computer Aided Machining started
developing in 1972.
 which lead to prominent developments in
CNC machining.
 In 1976 marked the first 3D Computer
Aided Design/Computer Aided Machining
systems .

16. DNC DNC is a manufacturing system in which a number
of machines are controlled by a computer through
direct connection and in real time.
 Part program of all machine tools are stored in the
memory of the central computer and transmitted on
direct transmission lines on demand
 No limitation for the number or size of
programs stored

17. NTM
 In 1920 the 1st NTM was developed by Gussev .
 But 1n 1941 Burgess demonstrated the method
ECM.
 Also the capabilities of ECM.
 In 1942 he idea of Ultrasonic machining was
invented by Balamuth.
ECMUSM

18. Cont;
 In 1943 EDM was developed by B R Lazarenko and N I Lazarenko
 make possible the machining of hard materials such astungsten, tungsten
carbide by spark erosion method.
 laser machining was developed by Basov, Prokhorov and Fabrikanth in USSR
in 1950
 In 1965, the first production laser cutting machine was used to drill holes in
diamond.
laser machiningEDM

19. Development of Technology

20. Reference
 Machining Fundamentals by John. R. Walker
 Technology of Machine Tools by Krar • Gill • Smid
 Machine Tools by Orhan ÇAKIR
 Eras of Technological Convergence: Machine Tools and
Mechanization in the United States, by Ross Thomson

21. Thank you!