Pre –brooding, brooding and rearing management of chicks
History and current status of the poultry industry
1. HISTORY AND CURRENT
STATUS OF THE POULTRY
INDUSTRY
By
Zaib-Ur-Rehman
Lecturer
Department of Poultry Science
PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
2. • Domestication of poultry is started in Asia
• Domestication of chickens in China goes back to 3000 BC
• In India record of poultry dates back to about 3200 BC
• Some evidences of chickens in India dates back only to 2000 BC
3. • Chickens appear in writings and artwork of ancient
Greece. They may have been brought to Greece from
Persia, and Persian soldiers brought them from India.
• Poultry were kept by farmers in China, India and East
Asia long before they were known to the Europeans
and Americans
• Poultry as a business, however, was not known before
the twentieth century
4. • R.T. Maitland wrote his Manual and Standards Book
for the Poultry Amateur
• In this book he describes the husbandry, care and
breeding of poultry with a short description of all
poultry strains present at the time.
• International Association of Poultry Instructors and
Investigators was founded in 1912
5. • Inception of World’s Poultry Congresses was took place in 1921 in
Hague
• Main objective was to spread knowledge about poultry production
• Out of 22 congresses held between 1921 and 2004, only five were
held in the warm regions of the world
6. Status of the World Poultry Industry
Development of global meat and hen egg production between
1970 and 2005(data in 1000 t)
Year Beef and veal Pig meat Poultry meat Hen eggs
1970 38,349 35,799 15,101 19,538
1975 43,724 41,674 18,684 22,232
1980 45,551 52,683 25,965 26,215
1985 49,285 59,973 31,206 30,764
1990 53,363 69,873 41,041 35,232
1995 54,207 80,091 54,771 42,857
2000 56,951 90,095 69,191 51,690
2005 60,437 102,523 81,014 59,233
Increase (%) 57.6 186.4 436.5 203.2
7. World production of eggs and chicken meat in 1000 t
Egg Chicken meat
Continent 1990 2005 % Change 1990 2005 % Change
Africa 1,420 2,230 57 1,790 3,189 78
N. & C. America 5,790 8,052 39 12,830 22,653 77
S. America 2,310 3,518 52 3,850 13,697 256
Asia 14,270 40,055 181 9,390 21,989 134
Europe (includes
former USSR) 11,710 10,035 -14 11,520 11,802 2
Oceania 250 227 -9 480 942 96
World 35,750 64,117 79 39,860 74,272 86
8. Per capita consumption of eggs (number) and broiler
meat (kg) in different countries during 2005
Country Eggs* Broiler meat**
Argentina 174 18.54
Brazil 130 37.27
South Africa 107 24.7
India 46 1.72
Iran 133 4.88
Thailand 105 10.54
Average 116 16.23
Canada 188 31.82
France 251 14.24
Hungary 295 27.81
Russian Federation 259 16.45
USA 255 44.24
UK 172 26.76
Average 237 26.78
9. Poultry Production in Asia
• Asia
• China is the largest producer of Asian countries
Egg production = 28,674 thousand tonnes
Chicken meat= 10,233 thousand tonnes
• India is the second largest producer
• Japan is third one in the Poultry Production
• Share of Asia in the egg production was only 24% in 1970 and now it
produces over 60% of the total world production
11. Poultry industry is one of the most vibrant segments of
agriculture sector in Pakistan
It generates direct or indirect employment for about 1.5
million people
Poultry meat contributes 24.8 percent of the total meat
production
Current investment = Rs. 200 billion.
Growth rate = 8-10 percent
