Disaster management encompasses the policies and practices before, during, and after various types of disasters, including natural (like cyclones and earthquakes) and man-made disasters (such as nuclear and chemical incidents). The Bhopal gas tragedy exemplifies the catastrophic consequences of chemical disasters, causing over 500,000 exposures to toxic gas in India. Overall, both natural and man-made disasters can have long-term detrimental effects on human health and safety.

2. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster management is the complete set of policies,
procedures and practices that are undertaken before a
disaster occurs, when it occurs and after it occurs.

4. TYPES OF DISASTERS

6. 1. Cyclone
2. Earthquake
3. Tornado
4. Volcanic Eruption
5. Tsunami
6. Flood
7. Drought
8. Landslide

8. Examples of Man-made
Disasters
1. Nuclear disaster
2. Biological disaster
3. Chemical disaster
4. Epidemic

9. Nuclear disaster
Natural disasters are incidents that result in the
release of radioactive material from a nuclear
facility. They include both minor or major
radiations releases. Any nuclear explosion would
have wide-ranging, long-term, catastrophic
effects, that could threaten the survival of
humankind. Radioactive contamination would
cause genetic mutations and cancer across many
generations.

11. CHEMICAL DISASTER
Chemical disaster are caused by excessive
use or misuse of chemicals in industries.
The irresponsible handling of powerful
chemicals can cause widespread
devastation. Such events include
explosions, leakage or release of toxic
hazardous materials that can cause people
illness, injury, disability or death.

12. Bhopal Gas Tragedy
Bhopal Gas Tragedy was a gas leak incident
in India, considered the world’s worst
industrial disaster.
It occurred on the night of 2-3 December 1984
at the ‘Union Carbide India Limited’
(UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya
Pradesh. Over 500,000 people were exposed
to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and other
chemicals. The toxic substance made its way
into and around the shanty towns located near
the plant.