Highlights of the Kuwait HVAC&R Conference 2017

HVAC&R BEST PRACTICES
FOR SUSTAINABILITY
Presented by
Mr. Sagar Kulkarni
LEED AP, WELL AP, PQP, CEM, CEA
Managing Director, CEC

Need for Best Practices
• Energy-efficiency is the cornerstone of sustainability
• In the current scenario, unchecked use of energy is leading to a rapid increase in global
temperature
• According to the Key World Energy Statistics Report, 2017 published by the IEA, Kuwait has one
of the highest per capita rates of electricity consumption – 14951 kWh/capita/annum
• As a member of the COP21 Agreement, substantial efforts need to be made to reduce energy
consumption and meet the requirements for reduction of carbon emissions
Consistent Engineering Consultants. www.consistentconsultants.com

Overview of Energy Consumption
• According to the Annual Statistics Report published by DEWA, the Residential sector was
responsible for about 74% of the total energy consumed in Dubai, in 2016
• 79% of the total electricity consumed in residential applications was for cooling and air
conditioning systems
Annual energy end-use distribution
for a typical villa
Source: KAPSARC analysis

Electricity Consumption by HVAC Systems in Middle East
• Nearly 58% of the total energy is consumed by
HVAC systems.
• However, the adverse climatic conditions of the
Middle East makes use of HVAC systems
imperative, especially in summer
• The peak power demand in summer in the
region is nearly thrice the peak power demand
in the other months
• Implementation of HVAC Best Practices
contributes directly to energy conservation and
hence, improved sustainability

METHODOLOGIES TO REDUCE HVAC
CONSUMPTION
Implementing the Sustainability Principle

1. Ensure Detailed Engineering (Avoid Thumb Rules)
• Ensure Detailed Engineering Calculations and
use of the appropriate software.
• Thumb rules are a yardstick for measurement
but should not be considered absolute
• Selection of correct unit for application i.e. DX,
VRF, Package, Chillers, Evaporative Cooling etc.

2. Appropriate Orientation of Glazing in Buildings (REDUCE)
• Ensure glazing between East and North West
• Orientation of glazing in buildings in a way to
obtain maximum natural light and ventilation
• No additional cost
• Energy savings up to 15%

3. Use of Air Curtains to Seal Building Envelope (REDUCE)
• Air curtains reduce thermal exchange
through an opening in the building envelope
• Lack of transmission of ambient heat to the
interior of the building reduces load on the
air-conditioning system

• Consider the example of power consumption in a mall with and
without the use of an air curtain:
• Door dimensions: 3m x 3m
• Average no. of people visiting the Mall = 3000 per day
• Case 1: No Air curtain
Total Energy Consumed = Net energy Consumption
+ Energy Consumed due to Heat Infiltration
= 307 kWh/day
• Case 2: With Air Curtain
Total Energy Consumed = 120 kWh/day

4. Appropriate Selection of Material (REDUCE)
• Selection of
appropriate material
to optimize the heat
transfer co-efficient
reduces the load on
HVAC system
CASE STUDY FOR U - VALUE
S.No Description Units CASE 01 CASE 02 CASE 03
1 U-External Wall W/m2
.0
C 0.567 0.43 0.3
2 U-Roof W/m2
.0
C 0.44 0.3 0.2
3 U-Glass W/m2
.0
C 3.3 2.1 1.7
4 Shading Co-Efficient - 0.4 0.4 0.29
5 Air Conditioning area m2
59110 59110 59110
6 Total Load (KW) KWR 8711 8156 7750
7 Sensible Load (KW) KWR 7798 7243 6837.4
8 Air flow rate (L/S) L/s 613212 584306 545978
9 External heat gain Load KWR 1841.9 1559 1180.1
10 Power Consumption kW 1758.6 1646.5 1564.6
11 Load ratio W/m2
147.4 138.0 131.1
12 Saving of electrical power in Case I & II % 6.4%
13 Saving of electrical power in Case I & III % 11%

5. Use of FAHU with Heat Recovery System (RECYCLE)
• Case 1: Conventional FAHU with cooling coil only.
• Case 2: FAHU with dual heat recovery wheels.
• Difference between Power Input = 197.5 – 159.3 = 38.2 kW
• Total Savings in Annual Power Consumption = 267,705.6 kWh
• Total Savings = 120,000 AED; Payback period – 6 months
• Total savings = 40,155.84 KD; Payback Period – 1.5 yrs

6. Directing the Extracted Air on Condensing Units (REUSE)
• Directing the extracted air over condensing
units for improved condenser performance.
• As the ambient is cooled down in
surrounding area of condenser; the
condensing temperature is brought down.

7. Use of Inverter-Based Compressor
• Inverter-based compressors have a small variation band
• Power consumption is reduced due to lack of multiple start stops

8. Use of Equipment Having High COP/EER
• Better the COP, lesser the energy wasted
• Use of equipment having a high energy
rating can reduce nearly 7-8% of the total
energy consumption

9. Use of VFD for Pumps and Fans
• Use of variable frequency drives can
reduce energy losses by nearly 40%
• Soft-start and soft-stop motors help
to avoid surge in voltage for AC
motors, improving service life

10. Precise Installation
• Leak proof construction
• Proper sealing of ducts and pipes during
construction
• Replace temporary filters after pre-commissioning
• Enough flushing of air during commissioning to
remove VOC (Volatile organic compounds)
• Commissioning by qualified agencies
• Use of leak detection systems

11. Regular Maintenance
• Air Filter – Clean Filters to remove dirt buildup
• Refrigerant - Make sure there is a appropriate Refrigerant
pressure is maintained.
• Air vents - Make sure there is nothing blocking the air flow
• Coil Cleaning - Remove dirt from coils on condenser and
evaporator
• Drafts and Leaks – Have central air ducts cleaned yearly
for proper air flow
Insulate pipes, caulking windows and doors
• Moving parts – Lubricating moving parts to work
efficiently and easily

Residential Project in Dubai

Residential Project in Dubai
Project Overview
• Total area: 125, 090 sq. m.
• Function: Mixed Use – Commercial & Residential
• No. of Buildings: 4
• Structural layout: Tower 01 and Tower 04 (3B+G+28),
Tower 02 and Tower 03 (3B+G+20)
• Key Goals:
• Implement Green Building Requirements in Design
• Maximize energy efficiency

Residential Project: Measures Implemented for Optimizing Energy Efficiency
• 75% of roof area insulated by material having solar reflective index ≥ 78
• Orientation of 50% of the building as 150 degrees northwest from east for maximum natural lighting and
ventilation
• Centralized Fresh Air Handling Units with Duel Heat Recovery Wheels used to treat fresh air provided to all
areas.
• Apartments designed for optimal thermal and acoustic comfort as per regulations
• Use of thermal bridges to reduce flow of external heat into the building
• Airlocked lobbies with air curtains at entrances and exits to prevent loss of air
• Use of centrifugal water-cooled chillers with high EER
• VFD driven Secondary chilled water pumps.
• Use of Treated Waste Water for make up of the Cooling Tower.
• VFD Fans for Cooling Tower

Impact on Energy Conservation
• 14% energy savings with respect to green building standards, with proposed building design
• Approximate energy savings with respect to normal buildings = 30%
Alternative
Lights Equipment Cooling
Tower/Heat
Reject
Pump/Aux Fans Ext. Lights Ext. Equipment Total Energy
Total Electric
Cost
Kwh/Annum $/Annum
Base Case 0 deg 4,662,322 1,998,103 6,322,032 0 0 1,093,588 4,380 131,400 14,211,825 1,458,133
Base Case 90 deg 4,662,322 1,998,103 6,145,014 0 0 1,056,959 4,380 131,400 13,998,178 1,436,213
Base Case 180 deg 4,662,322 1,998,103 6,280,888 0 0 1,076,308 4,380 131,400 14,153,401 1,452,139
Base Case 270 deg 4,662,322 1,998,103 6,225,238 0 0 1,074,068 4,380 131,400 14,095,511 1,446,199
Base Case 4,662,322 1,998,103 6,243,293 0 0 1,075,231 4,380 131,400 14,114,729 1,448,171
Proposed Case 4,329,434 1,998,103 3,919,035 407,524 351,260 1,018,134 4,380 131,400 12,159,270 1,247,541
Preliminary Energy savings 14

Sustainable Buildings

The Future of Sustainable Buildings
• Use of Occupancy Sensors
• Use of high Surface Reflective Index materials
• Use of Thermal Bridge
• Use of evaporative cooling in areas having low Wet Bulb Temperature
• Use of Condensate Drain water
• Proper insulation for Ducting & Piping (BS 5422 )
• Proper Installation (No Duct Leakages, proper Flushing, Commissioning by experts etc)
• Proper Maintenance (Engineered maintenance team, monitoring regular performance etc.)

THANK YOU
www.consistentconsultants.com
Move Away from
Verification and Compliance
to
Performance Based
Specifications
#Dubai Building Index
#Kuwait Building Index

Highlights of the Kuwait HVAC&R Conference 2017

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Highlights of the Kuwait HVAC&R Conference 2017

Recently uploaded

Highlights of the Kuwait HVAC&R Conference 2017