Debilitating migraine headaches are also effectively controlled by marijuana in many reported cases. Some migraine sufferers use cannabis at the onset of a migraine attack to relieve the severe pain.
Migraine is a recurrent headache disorder characterized by attacks of moderate to severe pain that is typically pulsating, lasting 4-72 hours and occurring on one side of the head. There are two main types - migraine without aura which involves headache only and migraine with aura which includes neurological symptoms prior to headache. Migraine involves distinct phases including prodrome, aura, headache and postdrome. It is more prevalent in females and peaks between ages 25-55. Management involves identifying triggers, lifestyle modifications, and acute or preventive pharmacological therapies like triptans, NSAIDs, beta-blockers or anti-convulsants.
Migraines affect almost 30 million Americans each year, occurring more commonly in women than men. Migraines are a neurological disorder that causes severe pulsating head pain on one side of the brain along with sensitivity to light, sound, and smells. Symptoms include moderate to severe headache pain, nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. Triggers vary between individuals but common ones are stress, foods containing tyramine, allergies, dehydration, and changes in sleep or diet. Treatment depends on migraine type, severity, and frequency and may include abortive medications to stop attacks or preventative medications and lifestyle changes to reduce attack frequency.
Topiramate has been shown to be an effective preventive treatment for migraine in multiple randomized controlled trials. It significantly reduced monthly migraine frequency compared to placebo at doses of 100mg and 200mg per day. Around 50% of patients achieved at least a 50% reduction in migraine days. The onset of efficacy was seen within the first month of treatment. Topiramate is generally well-tolerated, with dose titration helping to manage potential side effects. It offers an important additional option for preventing debilitating migraines.
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system, often from drug interactions or overdoses. It can develop within 24 hours of initiating or increasing serotonergic drugs. Symptoms include changes in mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular abnormalities. Treatment involves discontinuing causative agents, supportive care, benzodiazepines for agitation, and serotonin antagonists like cyproheptadine. Prognosis is generally good with proper recognition and management of complications.
The document discusses the management of migraines. Key points include:
- Migraines are a common cause of recurrent headaches affecting 10-20% of the population. They are often underdiagnosed and undertreated.
- Treatment involves both abortive and preventive therapies. Common abortive medications include NSAIDs, triptans, and ergot alkaloids. Preventive options include beta-blockers like propranolol, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, and calcium channel blockers.
- Propranolol, especially the extended release formulation, is an effective and well-tolerated option for migraine prevention and reduces attack frequency, severity, and analgesic use
This document discusses the classification, symptoms, triggers, diagnosis and treatment of migraines. It provides a historical overview of how migraine classification has evolved over time, identifying subtypes such as migraine with or without aura. Common migraine symptoms include pulsating head pain, nausea, photophobia and phonophobia. Potential triggers include stress, foods, chemicals and hormones. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, preventive medications like beta-blockers or antidepressants, and acute medications for pain relief such as triptans or NSAIDs. The goal is recognizing migraines early and treating them to prevent chronic headaches.
Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning only one copy of the defective gene is needed to develop the disease. Common signs and symptoms include uncontrolled movements, cognitive decline, and psychiatric issues like depression. While there is no cure, medications can help reduce motor symptoms, and lifestyle interventions focused on diet, exercise, and social support can help improve quality of life for those living with Huntington's disease.
Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance of consciousness associated with changes in cognition or the development of perceptual disturbances. It can present as hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed. Hyperactive delirium involves agitation and repetitive behaviors while hypoactive delirium involves withdrawal and is often missed. Causes include substance use, medical conditions like infection or metabolic disorders, and head injuries. Haloperidol is commonly used to treat delirium though it can cause extrapyramidal symptoms and other side effects. A thorough history including baseline cognition and current medications aids in diagnosis and distinguishing delirium from dementia.
Migraine is a recurrent headache disorder characterized by attacks of moderate to severe pain that is typically pulsating, lasting 4-72 hours and occurring on one side of the head. There are two main types - migraine without aura which involves headache only and migraine with aura which includes neurological symptoms prior to headache. Migraine involves distinct phases including prodrome, aura, headache and postdrome. It is more prevalent in females and peaks between ages 25-55. Management involves identifying triggers, lifestyle modifications, and acute or preventive pharmacological therapies like triptans, NSAIDs, beta-blockers or anti-convulsants.
Migraines affect almost 30 million Americans each year, occurring more commonly in women than men. Migraines are a neurological disorder that causes severe pulsating head pain on one side of the brain along with sensitivity to light, sound, and smells. Symptoms include moderate to severe headache pain, nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. Triggers vary between individuals but common ones are stress, foods containing tyramine, allergies, dehydration, and changes in sleep or diet. Treatment depends on migraine type, severity, and frequency and may include abortive medications to stop attacks or preventative medications and lifestyle changes to reduce attack frequency.
Topiramate has been shown to be an effective preventive treatment for migraine in multiple randomized controlled trials. It significantly reduced monthly migraine frequency compared to placebo at doses of 100mg and 200mg per day. Around 50% of patients achieved at least a 50% reduction in migraine days. The onset of efficacy was seen within the first month of treatment. Topiramate is generally well-tolerated, with dose titration helping to manage potential side effects. It offers an important additional option for preventing debilitating migraines.
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system, often from drug interactions or overdoses. It can develop within 24 hours of initiating or increasing serotonergic drugs. Symptoms include changes in mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular abnormalities. Treatment involves discontinuing causative agents, supportive care, benzodiazepines for agitation, and serotonin antagonists like cyproheptadine. Prognosis is generally good with proper recognition and management of complications.
The document discusses the management of migraines. Key points include:
- Migraines are a common cause of recurrent headaches affecting 10-20% of the population. They are often underdiagnosed and undertreated.
- Treatment involves both abortive and preventive therapies. Common abortive medications include NSAIDs, triptans, and ergot alkaloids. Preventive options include beta-blockers like propranolol, antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, and calcium channel blockers.
- Propranolol, especially the extended release formulation, is an effective and well-tolerated option for migraine prevention and reduces attack frequency, severity, and analgesic use
This document discusses the classification, symptoms, triggers, diagnosis and treatment of migraines. It provides a historical overview of how migraine classification has evolved over time, identifying subtypes such as migraine with or without aura. Common migraine symptoms include pulsating head pain, nausea, photophobia and phonophobia. Potential triggers include stress, foods, chemicals and hormones. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, preventive medications like beta-blockers or antidepressants, and acute medications for pain relief such as triptans or NSAIDs. The goal is recognizing migraines early and treating them to prevent chronic headaches.
Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning only one copy of the defective gene is needed to develop the disease. Common signs and symptoms include uncontrolled movements, cognitive decline, and psychiatric issues like depression. While there is no cure, medications can help reduce motor symptoms, and lifestyle interventions focused on diet, exercise, and social support can help improve quality of life for those living with Huntington's disease.
Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance of consciousness associated with changes in cognition or the development of perceptual disturbances. It can present as hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed. Hyperactive delirium involves agitation and repetitive behaviors while hypoactive delirium involves withdrawal and is often missed. Causes include substance use, medical conditions like infection or metabolic disorders, and head injuries. Haloperidol is commonly used to treat delirium though it can cause extrapyramidal symptoms and other side effects. A thorough history including baseline cognition and current medications aids in diagnosis and distinguishing delirium from dementia.
Migraine pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatmentsYung-Tsai Chu
Introduction of migraine, including symptoms, epidemiology, pathophysiology(neurotransmitter, neural network, channel, CGRP), diagnostic criteria and treatment (oral, intravenous therapy at ED and long-term prevention)
Migraines are caused by abnormal brain activity and involve intense headache pain, though the exact triggers are unclear. A migraine involves four stages - a prodrome phase with subtle symptoms 1-2 days before, an aura phase with sensory disturbances right before, the attack with severe headache pain and other symptoms, and a postdrome hangover phase after. While there is no single test to diagnose migraines, keeping a symptom journal and ruling out other causes with medical tests can help doctors make a diagnosis. Treatment involves preventative daily medications and acute pain relievers during attacks, though overuse can cause rebound headaches. Common triggers include hormonal changes, foods, smells, lights and stress. Managing triggers and lifestyle factors
Migraine is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches. It has strong genetic components and is believed to involve a hyperexcitable brain and trigeminovascular system. The pathophysiology involves cortical spreading depression, activation of the trigeminal nerve, and neurovascular inflammation. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, acute medications like triptans, and preventive strategies. Management requires patient education and a collaborative approach.
This document provides an overview of delirium, including its definition, history, characteristics, epidemiology, risk factors, causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, course and prognosis, and treatment. Some key points covered include:
- Delirium is defined as an acute impairment of attention, consciousness, and cognition that fluctuates in severity.
- Risk factors include older age, medical illnesses, cognitive impairment, and polypharmacy.
- Causes include infections, withdrawal, toxins/drugs, hypoxia, and metabolic disturbances.
- The pathophysiology is not fully understood but may involve neurotransmitter imbalances and blood-brain barrier disruption.
- Diagnosis involves
Delirium is an acute mental status change characterized by abnormal and fluctuating attention and reduced ability to direct, focus, sustain, and shift attention. It impairs cognition. It has an acute onset, fluctuating course, and is often caused by a medical condition. The diagnosis involves assessing attention, awareness, cognition, and determining if it is caused by an underlying medical condition based on criteria in the DSM-V. Predisposing factors include older age, dementia, visual impairment and severity of illness. Precipitating factors include medications, physical restraints and infections. It is diagnosed using mental status exams and scales like the CAM.
Delirium is an acute confusional state that commonly occurs in the ICU. It can be hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed. Delirium increases mortality, length of stay, costs, and long-term cognitive impairment. It results from neurotransmitter imbalances and higher cortical dysfunction exacerbated by predisposing patient factors and precipitating insults like medications and critical illness. Screening tools like ICDSC and CAM-ICU can help diagnose delirium which non-pharmacological prevention bundles, reducing deliriogenic medications, and treatments like haloperidol or dexmedetomidine may help address.
This document summarizes a neurology education session for GPs that included:
1) Presentations on seizures/seizure mimics, atypical headaches, and quick neurology tips.
2) A Q&A session where GPs asked questions about managing chronic headaches, benign tremors, peripheral neuropathy, and other topics.
3) Answers were provided on differentiating essential tremor from Parkinson's, appropriate tests to rule out MS, pitfalls in diagnosing MS, and guidance on abnormal sensations like pins and needles.
The document discusses a case of delirium tremens (DTs) in a 40-year-old Indian male prisoner brought to the emergency department displaying abnormal behavior. Initial examinations and tests revealed tachycardia, tremors, elevated glucose and liver enzymes. Treatment with benzodiazepines like diazepam and lorazepam failed to control his agitation and delirium, requiring intubation. He was started on antibiotics and a midazolam infusion in the ICU, and later extubated and discharged upon improvement after 4 days of treatment.
Delirium is an acute organic mental state characterized by confusion, changes in consciousness, disturbances in attention, orientation, memory and perception. It affects 15-50% of hospitalized older adults and is more common in older people, though it can occur at any age. Delirium has many potential causes including infection, metabolic disturbances, vitamin deficiencies, endocrine disorders, drugs, alcohol withdrawal and surgery. Symptoms include altered consciousness, memory impairment, disorientation and fluctuating levels of attention and cognition. Treatment focuses on treating the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and preventing complications which can include prolonged functional impairment or progression to coma. Prognosis is generally good with delirium often lasting about a week and full recovery being common
When you're expressing your own feelings, the phrases you use may seem clear and to the point from your perspective, but the person with depression who is on the receiving end may feel attacked, misunderstood, or deeply hurt.
Huntington's disease is slowly progressive, rapidly growing hereditary brain disease that causes abnormal motor coordination, thinking, behavior and ultimately leads to dementia.
Its necessary to diagnosis earlier i.e. onset of movement disorder, particularly
with chorea and impaired voluntary movement.
Autosomal dominant inheritance with 2000 people are diagnosed each year.
No drug therapy is available
The worldwide prevalence of Huntington’s Disease is 5-10 cases per 10000 which affects men and women equally
This document discusses alcohol and nicotine withdrawal. It notes that alcohol withdrawal presents as symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including delirium tremens, and notes factors that increase risk of severe withdrawal. It recommends treating withdrawal with benzodiazepines and thiamine. Nicotine withdrawal is also discussed, presenting as mood changes, insomnia, and cravings, and can be treated with nicotine replacement therapy. Both alcohol and nicotine can interact with medications, so dosages may need adjusting when withdrawing.
This document provides an overview of evaluating and treating migraines through a case study of a patient named Peter. It begins by introducing Peter and categorizing his headaches as migraines without aura based on the diagnostic criteria. It then discusses differentiating between primary and secondary headaches, classifying primary headaches, and diagnosing the specific disorder. The document outlines considerations for developing a treatment plan, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological acute and preventive options. It emphasizes the importance of individualizing treatment based on a patient's needs and goals of therapy.
This document provides information on neurology for GPs, focusing on different types of headaches. It discusses the GP liaison role, common headache types like migraine, tension headache, and cluster headache. Guidelines are provided on evaluation, diagnosis, acute and preventive treatment. Referral criteria include atypical features, treatment failure, or uncertain diagnoses. The goal is to appropriately manage most headache cases in primary care while recognizing red flags that warrant specialty referral.
Chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by severe, debilitating fatigue lasting over 6 months along with other symptoms like muscle pain and cognitive issues. The cause is unknown but may involve viral infections. Diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of definitive tests or features. Treatment focuses on symptom management through lifestyle changes, exercise therapy, and sometimes medications like antidepressants. Prognosis varies but most patients do not fully recover and treatment aims to improve functioning.
The use of Reglan, a drug used to treat diabetes and heartburn, has been linked to conditions such as Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS).
Read more on: http://www.reglan-lawsuit-attorney.com/neuroleptic-malignant-syndrome/
This document provides information on migraine including classification, pathophysiology, treatment of acute attacks, and preventive therapy. It notes that migraine is a recurrent headache disorder characterized by attacks lasting 4-72 hours with symptoms like throbbing pain and sensitivity to light/sound. Treatment involves analgesics, triptans, or ergot derivatives for acute attacks and medications like propranolol, amitriptyline or topiramate for prevention. The pathophysiology involves dilatation and constriction of cranial blood vessels triggered by the trigeminal nerve.
This document summarizes the pharmacotherapy of migraine. It outlines the pathophysiology including vascular, neurogenic, and neurovascular theories. It discusses acute treatment with non-specific medications like NSAIDs and specific treatments like triptans. Preventive treatment options are also covered including antidepressants, beta-blockers, anti-epileptics, calcium channel blockers, and newer targets such as CGRP antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.
Medical marijuana's benefits for non smokersSophia Moore
The fact that many people are using cannabis to their benefits is undeniable, however there are still a lot of non-smokers, who consider Cannabis to be harmful. This presentation will show the benefits of Medical Marijuana and its effects on various diseases.
Migraine is a common type of headache characterized by recurrent attacks of moderate to severe pulsing or throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head. Migraine attacks can last for hours or days and are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. There are four phases of a migraine - prodrome, aura, attack, and postdrome. Treatment involves both acute medications like triptans to stop symptoms during an attack, as well as preventive medications that can be taken daily to reduce severity or frequency of migraines. While the exact causes are unknown, migraines involve changes in brain chemistry and activation of pain pathways in the brain.
Migraine pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatmentsYung-Tsai Chu
Introduction of migraine, including symptoms, epidemiology, pathophysiology(neurotransmitter, neural network, channel, CGRP), diagnostic criteria and treatment (oral, intravenous therapy at ED and long-term prevention)
Migraines are caused by abnormal brain activity and involve intense headache pain, though the exact triggers are unclear. A migraine involves four stages - a prodrome phase with subtle symptoms 1-2 days before, an aura phase with sensory disturbances right before, the attack with severe headache pain and other symptoms, and a postdrome hangover phase after. While there is no single test to diagnose migraines, keeping a symptom journal and ruling out other causes with medical tests can help doctors make a diagnosis. Treatment involves preventative daily medications and acute pain relievers during attacks, though overuse can cause rebound headaches. Common triggers include hormonal changes, foods, smells, lights and stress. Managing triggers and lifestyle factors
Migraine is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches. It has strong genetic components and is believed to involve a hyperexcitable brain and trigeminovascular system. The pathophysiology involves cortical spreading depression, activation of the trigeminal nerve, and neurovascular inflammation. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, acute medications like triptans, and preventive strategies. Management requires patient education and a collaborative approach.
This document provides an overview of delirium, including its definition, history, characteristics, epidemiology, risk factors, causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, course and prognosis, and treatment. Some key points covered include:
- Delirium is defined as an acute impairment of attention, consciousness, and cognition that fluctuates in severity.
- Risk factors include older age, medical illnesses, cognitive impairment, and polypharmacy.
- Causes include infections, withdrawal, toxins/drugs, hypoxia, and metabolic disturbances.
- The pathophysiology is not fully understood but may involve neurotransmitter imbalances and blood-brain barrier disruption.
- Diagnosis involves
Delirium is an acute mental status change characterized by abnormal and fluctuating attention and reduced ability to direct, focus, sustain, and shift attention. It impairs cognition. It has an acute onset, fluctuating course, and is often caused by a medical condition. The diagnosis involves assessing attention, awareness, cognition, and determining if it is caused by an underlying medical condition based on criteria in the DSM-V. Predisposing factors include older age, dementia, visual impairment and severity of illness. Precipitating factors include medications, physical restraints and infections. It is diagnosed using mental status exams and scales like the CAM.
Delirium is an acute confusional state that commonly occurs in the ICU. It can be hyperactive, hypoactive, or mixed. Delirium increases mortality, length of stay, costs, and long-term cognitive impairment. It results from neurotransmitter imbalances and higher cortical dysfunction exacerbated by predisposing patient factors and precipitating insults like medications and critical illness. Screening tools like ICDSC and CAM-ICU can help diagnose delirium which non-pharmacological prevention bundles, reducing deliriogenic medications, and treatments like haloperidol or dexmedetomidine may help address.
This document summarizes a neurology education session for GPs that included:
1) Presentations on seizures/seizure mimics, atypical headaches, and quick neurology tips.
2) A Q&A session where GPs asked questions about managing chronic headaches, benign tremors, peripheral neuropathy, and other topics.
3) Answers were provided on differentiating essential tremor from Parkinson's, appropriate tests to rule out MS, pitfalls in diagnosing MS, and guidance on abnormal sensations like pins and needles.
The document discusses a case of delirium tremens (DTs) in a 40-year-old Indian male prisoner brought to the emergency department displaying abnormal behavior. Initial examinations and tests revealed tachycardia, tremors, elevated glucose and liver enzymes. Treatment with benzodiazepines like diazepam and lorazepam failed to control his agitation and delirium, requiring intubation. He was started on antibiotics and a midazolam infusion in the ICU, and later extubated and discharged upon improvement after 4 days of treatment.
Delirium is an acute organic mental state characterized by confusion, changes in consciousness, disturbances in attention, orientation, memory and perception. It affects 15-50% of hospitalized older adults and is more common in older people, though it can occur at any age. Delirium has many potential causes including infection, metabolic disturbances, vitamin deficiencies, endocrine disorders, drugs, alcohol withdrawal and surgery. Symptoms include altered consciousness, memory impairment, disorientation and fluctuating levels of attention and cognition. Treatment focuses on treating the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and preventing complications which can include prolonged functional impairment or progression to coma. Prognosis is generally good with delirium often lasting about a week and full recovery being common
When you're expressing your own feelings, the phrases you use may seem clear and to the point from your perspective, but the person with depression who is on the receiving end may feel attacked, misunderstood, or deeply hurt.
Huntington's disease is slowly progressive, rapidly growing hereditary brain disease that causes abnormal motor coordination, thinking, behavior and ultimately leads to dementia.
Its necessary to diagnosis earlier i.e. onset of movement disorder, particularly
with chorea and impaired voluntary movement.
Autosomal dominant inheritance with 2000 people are diagnosed each year.
No drug therapy is available
The worldwide prevalence of Huntington’s Disease is 5-10 cases per 10000 which affects men and women equally
This document discusses alcohol and nicotine withdrawal. It notes that alcohol withdrawal presents as symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including delirium tremens, and notes factors that increase risk of severe withdrawal. It recommends treating withdrawal with benzodiazepines and thiamine. Nicotine withdrawal is also discussed, presenting as mood changes, insomnia, and cravings, and can be treated with nicotine replacement therapy. Both alcohol and nicotine can interact with medications, so dosages may need adjusting when withdrawing.
This document provides an overview of evaluating and treating migraines through a case study of a patient named Peter. It begins by introducing Peter and categorizing his headaches as migraines without aura based on the diagnostic criteria. It then discusses differentiating between primary and secondary headaches, classifying primary headaches, and diagnosing the specific disorder. The document outlines considerations for developing a treatment plan, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological acute and preventive options. It emphasizes the importance of individualizing treatment based on a patient's needs and goals of therapy.
This document provides information on neurology for GPs, focusing on different types of headaches. It discusses the GP liaison role, common headache types like migraine, tension headache, and cluster headache. Guidelines are provided on evaluation, diagnosis, acute and preventive treatment. Referral criteria include atypical features, treatment failure, or uncertain diagnoses. The goal is to appropriately manage most headache cases in primary care while recognizing red flags that warrant specialty referral.
Chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by severe, debilitating fatigue lasting over 6 months along with other symptoms like muscle pain and cognitive issues. The cause is unknown but may involve viral infections. Diagnosis is difficult due to the lack of definitive tests or features. Treatment focuses on symptom management through lifestyle changes, exercise therapy, and sometimes medications like antidepressants. Prognosis varies but most patients do not fully recover and treatment aims to improve functioning.
The use of Reglan, a drug used to treat diabetes and heartburn, has been linked to conditions such as Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS).
Read more on: http://www.reglan-lawsuit-attorney.com/neuroleptic-malignant-syndrome/
This document provides information on migraine including classification, pathophysiology, treatment of acute attacks, and preventive therapy. It notes that migraine is a recurrent headache disorder characterized by attacks lasting 4-72 hours with symptoms like throbbing pain and sensitivity to light/sound. Treatment involves analgesics, triptans, or ergot derivatives for acute attacks and medications like propranolol, amitriptyline or topiramate for prevention. The pathophysiology involves dilatation and constriction of cranial blood vessels triggered by the trigeminal nerve.
This document summarizes the pharmacotherapy of migraine. It outlines the pathophysiology including vascular, neurogenic, and neurovascular theories. It discusses acute treatment with non-specific medications like NSAIDs and specific treatments like triptans. Preventive treatment options are also covered including antidepressants, beta-blockers, anti-epileptics, calcium channel blockers, and newer targets such as CGRP antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.
Medical marijuana's benefits for non smokersSophia Moore
The fact that many people are using cannabis to their benefits is undeniable, however there are still a lot of non-smokers, who consider Cannabis to be harmful. This presentation will show the benefits of Medical Marijuana and its effects on various diseases.
Migraine is a common type of headache characterized by recurrent attacks of moderate to severe pulsing or throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head. Migraine attacks can last for hours or days and are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. There are four phases of a migraine - prodrome, aura, attack, and postdrome. Treatment involves both acute medications like triptans to stop symptoms during an attack, as well as preventive medications that can be taken daily to reduce severity or frequency of migraines. While the exact causes are unknown, migraines involve changes in brain chemistry and activation of pain pathways in the brain.
This talk summarizes the definition, diagnosis and management strategies of migraine. It will be useful for general public as well as healthcare professionals.
This is more of a summary of recent evidence available on migraine management. It is easy to read and understand. Please post your queries and comments.
This document discusses the benefits of medical marijuana for seniors. It notes that over 13,000 seniors in BC alone are licensed to use medical marijuana for chronic conditions like pain, cancer, glaucoma, dementia, arthritis, and insomnia. As people age, their bodies absorb and metabolize drugs differently, causing medications to last longer with more side effects. Medical marijuana provides an alternative with fewer side effects than pharmaceuticals and can help reduce the number of prescription medications seniors take. The document reviews specific medical marijuana strains and administration methods and summarizes several research studies on its effectiveness for various illnesses common in seniors.
- Headaches are usually caused by primary tension-type headaches, migraines, or something else like infection or injury (99% of cases).
- Doctors diagnose headaches based primarily on the patient's history regarding symptoms, triggers, frequency and severity rather than tests.
- Treatment involves lifestyle changes, over-the-counter or prescription medications to treat acute attacks, and preventative medications to reduce attack frequency which are chosen through trial and error.
Clinical Approach to Migraine ward case.pptxDrMSajidNoor
Migraine is a type of headache characterized by recurrent moderate to severe throbbing pain on one side of the head lasting 4-72 hours. It is caused by activation of nerve fibers in brain blood vessels, and common symptoms include light/sound sensitivity, nausea, and vomiting. Risk factors include female sex, family history, depression/anxiety, and certain triggers like hormonal changes, stress, foods, and sleep changes. There are several types of migraine including those with and without aura, as well as menstrual, silent, vestibular, and abdominal migraines. Diagnosis involves history and tests to rule out other causes, while treatment depends on frequency and includes lifestyle changes, medications, and in rare cases surgery.
This document summarizes information about migraines and other primary headaches. It begins by classifying headaches as either primary, meaning the headache itself is the disease, or secondary, meaning the headache is a symptom of an underlying condition. It then describes the characteristics and treatment approaches for primary versus secondary headaches. The bulk of the document focuses on describing migraines in particular, including the diagnostic criteria for migraine with and without aura, common symptoms and triggers, pathophysiology, treatment strategies including abortive and preventative options. It also briefly mentions some other less common primary headache types such as cluster headaches.
Headache School provides education to help patients better manage migraine. Migraine is a very common neurological disorder that affects over 30 million Americans. Formal educational programs have been shown to produce better outcomes for patients with headache. The classes cover topics like different medication options, how diet can impact headaches, and headaches in women. Understanding the science behind migraine can help patients identify triggers to prevent attacks and choose effective treatment options.
This document discusses different types of headaches. It defines headache and classifies headaches as primary or secondary. The main primary headaches are tension-type headaches, migraines, and cluster headaches. Tension-type headaches are the most common and feel like constant squeezing tightness. Migraines typically affect one side of the head and cause throbbing pain. Cluster headaches cause severe, stabbing pain around the eye and last 15-180 minutes. The document outlines symptoms, causes, diagnostic tests, and treatment for each type of primary headache. Nursing management includes comprehensive assessment, non-pharmacological therapies, avoiding triggers, and educating patients.
Unit II D Anti-migraine Drugs and its side affectwajidullah9551
This document discusses drugs used to treat migraine headaches and trigeminal neuralgia. It covers the classification, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, types and stages of migraine. Common antimigraine drugs discussed include triptans, ergot alkaloids, NSAIDs, and drugs used for migraine prophylaxis. Trigeminal neuralgia is described as a sudden, stabbing pain limited to areas supplied by the trigeminal nerve. Carbamazepine is the drug of choice for trigeminal neuralgia, while other anti-convulsants and non-pharmacological measures are also outlined. The nursing role in assessing contraindications to prevent complications is mentioned.
Migraines are severe headaches often preceded by sensory warning signs like flashes of light and nausea. They have been documented for over 7,000 years and theories about their cause have evolved from humors rising in the body to increased blood flow in the brain. Migraines involve four phases - prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. Current theories suggest they are caused by cortical spreading depression leading to neurogenic inflammation and vascular changes in the brain. Treatment involves avoiding triggers, medications like triptans to abort attacks, and preventative medications like beta blockers, antidepressants, or anti-seizure drugs to reduce frequency.
Three pronged approach to migraine epilepsy and neuropathic pain–role of oxca...webzforu
The document discusses the use of oxcarbazepine for the treatment of migraine, epilepsy, and neuropathic pain, noting that as an anti-epileptic drug it has better pharmacokinetic properties than carbamazepine with fewer drug interactions and side effects. It provides information on the prevalence, triggers, and classification of migraine as well as the relationship between migraine and epilepsy.
Chronic daily headache is a debilitating condition affecting millions in the US. It involves headaches occurring more than 15 days per month for over 3 months. The document discusses the diagnosis and management of chronic daily headache. Key points include distinguishing between primary headache disorders like migraine from secondary disorders caused by other conditions. Treatment involves identifying medication overuse, treating any comorbid conditions, using preventive medications, and limiting the use of rescue medications to no more than 2 times per week to prevent rebound headaches.
Uncovering the Impact of Chiropractic Treatment on Relieving MigrainesBaker Chiropractic
Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by headaches and heightened sensitivity to light, smell, or sound. The pain associated with migraines typically concentrates on one side of the head and is often described as throbbing. For more information visit website now..
Migraine is a type of headache that causes severe throbbing pain on one side of the head. It is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraines can last for hours to days and be disabling. They are caused by changes in brain chemicals and activity in the trigeminal nerve. Factors like hormones, foods, drinks, stress, and sensory stimuli can trigger migraines. Treatment involves pain relievers, preventive medications, and lifestyle changes.
This document provides information on Dr. Ganta Rajasekhar's academic qualifications and areas of interest in neurology. It then discusses approaches to evaluating headache, classifications of primary and secondary headache disorders, migraine pathogenesis and management, tension-type headache, and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Evaluation and treatment strategies for acute migraine, preventive migraine therapy, medication overuse headache, and special headache conditions are covered. Common questions in headache management are also addressed.
This document summarizes headache diagnosis and treatment. It begins by explaining that in most cases, headaches are not caused by brain damage but by issues with brain membranes and blood vessels. It then discusses the most common types of primary headaches like tension, migraine, and cluster headaches. The document outlines diagnosis methods and treatments for different headaches, including general pain relievers, triptans, ergots, and preventative medications. It concludes by discussing non-drug therapies and new research into non-drug electrical therapy, new drug approaches, and potential "vaccinations" for migraine prevention.
Headache is a common reason patients seek medical attention and can be primary or secondary. Primary headaches include tension-type headaches, which cause bilateral tight band-like pain, and migraines, which often cause severe one-sided throbbing pain accompanied by sensitivity to light, sound, and nausea. Migraines are thought to involve neurovascular and serotonergic mechanisms. Cluster headaches are rare but cause excruciating unilateral orbital or temporal pain and may be associated with autonomic symptoms. Treatment involves acute abortive medications as well as preventive medications depending on headache type and frequency. Secondary headaches require evaluation for underlying causes such as infection, trauma, or vascular abnormalities.
- Headaches are a common neurological problem and migraine is the most frequent diagnosis in patients presenting with headache.
- Migraines affect 12-15% of the population and are characterized by distinct phases including prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. Common triggers include stress, hormones, sleep disturbances, and foods.
- Tension-type headaches are also very common and present as mild to moderate bilateral headaches without other symptoms. Treatment involves analgesics and behavioral therapies.
- Other primary headaches like cluster headaches and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias present with short attacks of severe pain and autonomic symptoms. Emergency evaluation is needed for headaches with red flag symptoms.
This document provides an overview of headache diagnosis and treatment. It discusses the most common types of primary headaches like tension-type and migraine headaches. It outlines the typical symptoms, patients, and current treatment approaches for these headaches. The document also looks ahead to potential new treatments that are being researched, such as non-drug therapies and new classes of preventative medications. Overall, the summary provides a high-level view of headache diagnosis, current treatment approaches, and future research directions for improving headache care.
The document discusses how medical marijuana is used in San Francisco to treat various ailments. It can be obtained from medical marijuana dispensaries in the Bay Area that provide qualifying patients with cannabis products like strains, clones, concentrates, topicals and edibles. Research has shown marijuana can help reduce neuropathic pain and improve appetite for patients suffering from conditions like multiple sclerosis.
Edibles are foods infused with marijuana that provide an alternative way for medical marijuana patients to consume cannabis. They take longer than smoking to feel the effects but can last longer. Patients should start with low doses of edibles and be aware of how their body reacts as the full effects may not be felt for hours.
This document discusses marijuana, describing it as dried parts of the cannabis plant containing THC and other chemical components. It notes the three main strains of marijuana - Indica, Sativa, and hybrids - which can be used to treat conditions like nausea, pain, insomnia and anxiety. The document also states that marijuana is commonly used by smoking, drinking, ingesting or eating it.
Cannabinoids, being a set of terpenophenolic compound present in cannabis, it refers to a group of substances that are structurally concerned to tetrahydrocannabinol.
The role of Medical cannabis in curing aids is enormous and it can reduce the nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Coming to glaucoma it relieves the internal pressure and relieves the pain slowly or even stopping its entire form.
Cannabinoids, being a set of terpenophenolic compound present in marijuana, it refers to a group of substances that are structurally concerned to tetrahydrocannabinol.
Laughter increases flow and the oxygenation of the blood. The act of laughing relaxes muscles and relieves anxiety. Marijuana is a best stress free herbal therapy for all kind of people.
http://www.herbalmission.org/medical-marijuana-day-in-san-francisco.php
In San Francisco California Pacific Medical Center two medical researchers has establish that a compound resulting from hash could stop metastasis in most of the kinds of deadly cancer, potentially varying the casualty of the disease forever.
http://www.herbalmission.org/medical-marijuana-uses-benefits.php
Marijuana is a green or gray mixture of dried shredded flowers, seeds, stems and leaves of the cannabis plant. Chemical components like THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), hashish, hash oil and Sinsemilla are present in marijuana.
Legalizing marijuana has several potential benefits. Proponents argue that legalization could reduce criminal penalties, generate tax revenue from legal sales, and allow for medical research on marijuana's health effects. However, others have concerns about potential public health and safety issues if legalized.
Marijuana plant has been used since ancient times for both herbal medication and intoxication. It has been proven to be effective for a comprehensive variety of symptoms and circumstances.
http://www.herbalmission.org/
Marijuana is a green or gray mixture of dried shredded flowers, seeds, stems and leaves of the cannabis plant. Chemical components like THC, hashish, hash oil and Sinsemilla are present in marijuana. http://www.herbalmission.org/
This document provides information about medical marijuana dispensaries in San Francisco. It discusses the need for legalization of medical marijuana, lists states that have legalized it, and outlines how San Francisco legalized it through voter approval of Proposition 215 in 1996. It also mentions that cannabis clubs/dispensaries provide medical cannabis to patients with doctor approval, and gives statistics about medical marijuana.
This document discusses medical marijuana delivery in San Francisco, describing hash and edibles made from cannabis resin and leaves. It outlines the health benefits of marijuana for treating conditions like glaucoma, muscle spasms, arthritis, and appetite loss. The document also explains that hybrid marijuana strains in San Francisco combine characteristics of indica and sativa plants, which differ in growth structure. It notes that cannabis clubs in San Francisco, like herbalmission.org, provide affordable marijuana products.
The document compares medical marijuana and alcohol, noting that alcohol can result in overdose deaths but there have been no documented marijuana overdose deaths. It outlines some of the differences between the effects of alcohol and marijuana, such as alcohol being linked to cancer and being more addictive than marijuana. The document argues for the legalization of marijuana by comparing marijuana users to alcohol users and stating that marijuana can cure cancer.
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
low birth weight presentation. Low birth weight (LBW) infant is defined as the one whose birth weight is less than 2500g irrespective of their gestational age. Premature birth and low birth weight(LBW) is still a serious problem in newborn. Causing high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The nursing care provide to low birth weight babies is crucial in promoting their overall health and development. Through careful assessment, diagnosis,, planning, and evaluation plays a vital role in ensuring these vulnerable infants receive the specialize care they need. In India every third of the infant weight less than 2500g.
Birth period, socioeconomical status, nutritional and intrauterine environment are the factors influencing low birth weight
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations Traumasoft LLC
The benefits of an ePCR solution should extend to the whole EMS organization, not just certain groups of people or certain departments. It should provide more than just a form for entering and a database for storing information. It should also include a workflow of how information is communicated, used and stored across the entire organization.
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI - History and principlesanaghabharat01
This SlideShare presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Declaration of Helsinki, a foundational document outlining ethical guidelines for conducting medical research involving human subjects.
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdfrightmanforbloodline
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
2. INDEX
• Medical Marijuana
• Migraine
• Symptoms of Migraine
• Migraines Symptoms in Five Phases
• Reasons of Migraines
• Healing Cannabis for Migraines
• Proof of Marijuana use for
Migraines
3. Medical Marijuana
• Medical Marijuana is a
pharmaceutical drug, also
referred to as medicine,
medication or medicament,
can be loosely defined as any
chemical substance intended
for use in the medical
diagnosis, cure, treatment, or
prevention of diseases.
4. Migraine
• Migraine is an
unrelieved disorder
characterized by recurrent
temperate to severe
headaches often in
connection with a number
of autonomic nervous
system symptoms.
5. Symptoms of Migraine
• Severe pain
• Queasiness and vomiting
• Hypersensitivity to
light/sound/smell
• Immobility and
• Wanting nothing more than
to rest in a dark and quiet
room.
6. Migraines Symptoms in
Five Phases
• Prodrome (a period of warning
symptoms)
• Visual or auditory
disturbances auras)
• Headache
• Headache termination
• Postdrome
7. Reasons of Migraines
• Certain foods: More than ever
chocolate, cheese, nuts, alcohol, and
monosodium glutamate (MSG) can
generate migraines. Missing a meal may
also get on a headache.
• Stress and tension are also risk
factors
• Birth control pills are a common
trigger: Women may have migraines at
the end of the pill cycle as the estrogen
module of the pill is clogged. This is
called an estrogen-withdrawal headache.
8. Healing Cannabis for
Migraines
• Delta-9 THC (Marinol) is clinically shown to correct
serotonin release in migraine sufferers.
• Debilitating migraine headaches are also effectively
controlled by marijuana in many reported cases.
Some migraine sufferers use cannabis at the onset
of a migraine attack to relieve the severe pain.
• Others use medical marijuana as a preventative
measure to control migraine attacks before they occur.
9. Proof of Marijuana use
for Migraines
• Medical Cannabis was a standard treatment for
migraines from the mid-19th century until it was
outlawed in the early 20th century in the USA. It has
been reported to help people through an attack by
relieving the nausea and dulling the head pain, as well as
possibly preventing the headache completely when used
as soon as possible after the onset of pre-migraine
symptoms, such as aura. There is some indication that
semi-regular use may reduce the frequency of attacks.
- Wikipedia (Prevention of Migraines)
10. To get a good quality of medical cannabis
selection visit San Francisco Medical
Marijuana Dispensary.