This document summarizes a proposed project to upgrade the wireless network at the Undercroft building on campus. The current network is unable to support the growing number of devices connecting each day. The project aims to improve network performance, provide sufficient bandwidth during peak usage, and support future expansion. A site survey was conducted and identified challenges like weak signals in certain areas. The proposed solution is to install 7 additional access points inside the lecture theater to provide stronger, more consistent coverage throughout the building and support up to 750 active devices simultaneously. A cost analysis and project timeline are also included.

1. CSE5 ITP HIGH DENSITY
WIRELESS DESIGN
By
Qaiser Tanveer : 17650920 - Project Manager
Sai Shyam Tekumalla : 18046988 - Project Planning and Design
Sai Eshwar Chellapuram : 18047717 - Project Site Survey and Implementation

2. Introduction
• Due to the increase in the number of student logins each day, the university has decided to deploy a good
network as an immediate and future proof network
• On an average, the network should support 4 device per user in two years
• A suitable network without interference, eliminating black spots and supporting heavy loads is necessary
• The current network at Undercroft cannot address the growing needs of a wireless network. With this network
we won’t be able to provide a good network to all the devices now , let alone in the future. So, the need to
design a new network is of very high priority to address the current network issues

3. Project Objectives
• Improve and upgrade the existing wireless network setup
• To provide a suitable bandwidth to various users at different timings that includes peak hours and off peak
hours
• Improve and consolidate network performance and to provide a design with future expansion capabilities
• Improve the existing network security, redundancy, fault tolerance perspectives to increase overall efficiency of
the network

4. Challenges …………………..1
One of the most challenging factors in the network design of Undercroft building is the architectural design of
the building.
Cannot mount an Access point at this position as it affects the signal strength and the quality of the overall
signal.

5. Challenges …………………2
There are no APs inside the Undercroft Lecture Theatre. The capacity of the Lecture Theater is 189. There are only
two APs outside the lecture theatre and that is not enough to sustain the growing demands of the network.

6. Site Survey ….. For the Undercroft Area

7. Site Survey ….. For the Undercroft Area
• The data collected is also shown using colored lines and
dots
• The survey result depicts the AP coverage across the
Undercroft lecture theatre
Access Points – Outside the
lecture Theatre
SSID:
• eduroam
• NewToLTU
• LTUWireless2
• LTUGuest
Bleeding spot

8. Site Survey – Undercroft Lecture Theatre
Heat Map showing the Signal Strength
• The colors indicate the signal strength from the access points at each location
• This heat map shows the signal strength in the Undercroft Lecture Theatre
• The legend is across the top of the map. In this case, the units are dBm since signal
strengths are being mapped
Strongest Signal
Moderate Signal
Weak Signal
Bleeding Spot

9. Site Survey ….. Value Chart
• From the above value chart, we can infer that, the signal strength
at the top left corner is -83.6 dBm, this means the signal strength
is poor
• The channels seen support both 2.4GHz and 5GHz range. Noise
level is high in all the four cells
• The data rate seen at the bottom right corner is around -69.3
dBm, this is during peak hour and the signal strength does not
seem to be great
• Noise levels are pretty high when compared to the accepted levels
and that is one major factor affecting the data rates, throughput
and the signal strength of that area for all SSID’s

10. Site Survey ….. APs and SSID
• A list of access points under the SSID eduroam, working
both in 2.4GHz and 5GHz range is shown here
• It is not the entire list of access points, only for eduroam,
it covers the main idea behind our theory and the
inference that we needed to work on our high density
design
• Site survey was performed keeping in mind the future
network
• The device used to capture the results was the latest
surface pro tab, so it was able to capture the statistics
for 802.11ac mode.

11. Estimating Client and AP Count
Assumptions Percentage of Uptake Number of Clients
Maximum capacity 100% 189
Users bringing a Wi-Fi device 99% 187 (Appx.)
Devices connected to the
WLAN
>99% 748.44 ~ 750
Active devices >99% 750
• The chance of all 189 attendees bringing a Wi-Fi device,
connecting it and transmitting at the same time is almost nil; but
there is no easy way to determine what number is likely
• This is further complicated by the assumption the number of
devices will increase over time
 The maximum number of Wi-Fi devices
associated but idle on the network will always
be lesser than the number that are active
 Attendees will typically use up to a maximum of
4 wireless device at a time
 Not all attendees will bring Wi-Fi devices or
connect them to the network - estimate 1%
 Unless otherwise indicated, more than 99% of
these devices are connected to the network at a
single point of time
 Unless otherwise indicated, more than 99% of all
devices that are connected to Wi-Fi are active at
the same time

12. Estimating Clients per AP
Number of associated clients = 750
Estimated number of concurrent active devices = 99% of 750 = 750 approximate
Required throughput per client = 500 Kbps
Latency tolerance = high
RF environment = very high during peak usage
Percentage of retransmissions/loss due to interference = 35%
Estimated throughput per AP radio = 16.7 Mbps
Maximum clients per AP to meet capacity = 33 (16.7Mbps / 500Kbps per client)
Number of APs required to meet number of active clients = 22 APs (750/ 33)
Total APs for 750 associated devices = 15 (750 / 50)
Seats covered per AP = 13 (189 / 15)
Applications Nominal Throuput
Web access 500Kbps
Audio (Pandora, Apple Music,
Spotify)
100Kbps
Video (YouTube, Netflix, Skype,
FaceTime, Hangouts)
1Mbps
File sharing and Printing 1Mbps
The total nominal expected throughput
is 2.6Mbps
Bandwidth requirement per application

13. Proposed Solution
Proposed Design: Access points inside the
Undercroft Lecture Theatre

14. Proposed Solution – Position of APs

15. Project Implementation
For the simulation, we are using Riverbed tool which is formerly known as OPNET (Optimized Network
Engineering Tool)
• We are creating two scenarios, one with the existing design and one with the proposed design by putting in
Access Points (APs) accordingly as a wireless router to transmit wireless signals, various number of work
stations according to different scenarios
• The APs is connected to the switch which is then connected to a server which provides applications used for
the workstations
• Work stations are associated with the profiles in order to use the applications. This is done by defining
applications and profiles by adding a node to each.

16. Project Implementation
Delay for scenario 1 and 2:
• From the simulation result, we can analyze that the
delay is maximum in the case of scenario 1 which is
when 750 active devices are accessing 2 APs and
minimum in the other case when 750 active devices are
accessing 7 APs
• We can conclude from the performance analysis that
delay increases when the load is high on a single AP
instead when the load is balanced amongst 7 Aps, the
delay seems to be balanced better in the high density
areas of the lecture theatre

17. Project Implementation
Throughput for scenario 1 and 2
• As the number of workstations increases, the
throughput also increases and it is evident from the
adjacent figure
• The throughput can be monitored by setting in proper
inter packet arrival rate and also modifying the
configurations and operating conditions which affect
the peak throughput performance and efficiency of the
system

18. Cost Analysis
Line
Number
Item Name Description Quantity ListPrice Extended
List Price
1.0 Cisco Aironet 3700e series
antenna with external antenna
802.11ac Indoor AP 7 $3,000.00 $21,000.00
1.0.1 CON-SNT-XXXX License to maintain the
802.11ac Indoor APs
7 $341.59 $2391.13
1.2 Cables CAT6 AP to Switch, Switch to
controller, Switch to router
10 $350.00 $3,500.00
1.3 Labour Fixing APs, cables etc 2 $700.00 $1400.00
1.4 Sai Eshwar Site Survey and Design 1 $3,000.00 $3,000.00
1.5 Qaiser Tanveer Project Manager and
planning
1 $3,000.00 $3,000.00
1.6 Sai Shyam Project design 1 $3,000.00 $3,000.00
1.7 Miscellaneous In case of emergency $10,000.00 $10,000.00
$47,291.13

19. Indoor wireless for
Undercroft
Senior
Management
CIO
Rasika Nayanajith
Networks Team
Leader
Gareth D’Souza
Senior Network
Security Specialist
Project QSS
Sai Shyam
Project planning
and design
Project QSS
Qaiser Tanveer
Project Manager
Project QSS
Sai Eshwar
Project Survey and
Design head
End Users
Secondary
stakeholders
Prakash
Veeraghavan
Supervisor for the
project
STAKEHOLDERS

20. PLANNING (15DAYS)
Project planning
Define project scope
Define business case
Estimate project schedule
DESIGN (25 DAYS)
Analysis
Design document
Prototype of design
IMPLEMENTATION (30 DAYS)
Implement the wireless network
design
Testing
Project Timeline
Thank You