1. The document describes the design and simulation of a wireless local area network (WLAN) for an administrative office using the OPNET network simulator. The network consists of 3 subnets connected by a router to an internet service provider.
2. Key performance parameters of the network like delay, throughput, and packet drop were analyzed under normal traffic conditions and with a 50% increase in traffic. Delay and load increased while throughput decreased with higher traffic loads.
3. The simulations showed that increased network traffic led to longer delays, higher loads on access points, and reduced throughput across the three office subnets.
Design and fabrication of Automatic TrolleyAyush Rawat
A brief theory about design and fabrication of Automatic Trolley which is operated by motor and trolley frame is made by us and it is light weighted and fully compact easy to fold, assemble and disassemble with high strength.
The document describes a project to generate electricity from human footfalls using piezoelectric sensors. Piezoelectric materials generate voltage when pressure is applied. The project involves arranging piezoelectric generators under a mechanical structure where people walk. The voltage generated is stored in a lead acid battery. An Arduino microcontroller is used to control the system and display electrical parameters on an LCD screen. The goal is to develop a cleaner, cost-effective alternative energy source by harnessing wasted kinetic energy from human walking.
The document provides details about an industrial training report for a civil engineering student at Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. It summarizes a residential project called Hiranandini Lake Verandahs that Simplex is constructing. Key details include the location of the project, specifications of the 27-floor towers including number of flats and amenities, and descriptions of the construction processes for laying building slabs and columns. Photos supplement the summaries of construction steps.
CFD Analysis on Aerodynamic Effects on a Passenger CarIRJET Journal
This document discusses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of aerodynamic effects on a passenger car with and without spoilers. It first provides background on spoilers and their purpose in improving vehicle stability at high speeds. It then details the CFD modeling process using CAD software to model a baseline car model and variations with rear and roof spoilers. CFD analysis was performed to determine total pressure and velocity contours and estimate drag and lift forces. Results showed that a roof spoiler provided the most drag reduction and increased negative lift, improving stability at high speeds, while a rear spoiler primarily increased negative lift with less drag reduction.
Final Year Project Report Sample for Engineers - IIT and State UniversityHitesh Sharma
A sample report for all final year college students, for Engineering and Management Branch.
Best for Mechanical and Core branch students.
Includes - First Page, Index Style, Abstract, Body, COnsclusion and Designing Methods.
Share and Support this file, thanks and also fo for my other uploads.
Design and fabrication of Automatic TrolleyAyush Rawat
A brief theory about design and fabrication of Automatic Trolley which is operated by motor and trolley frame is made by us and it is light weighted and fully compact easy to fold, assemble and disassemble with high strength.
The document describes a project to generate electricity from human footfalls using piezoelectric sensors. Piezoelectric materials generate voltage when pressure is applied. The project involves arranging piezoelectric generators under a mechanical structure where people walk. The voltage generated is stored in a lead acid battery. An Arduino microcontroller is used to control the system and display electrical parameters on an LCD screen. The goal is to develop a cleaner, cost-effective alternative energy source by harnessing wasted kinetic energy from human walking.
The document provides details about an industrial training report for a civil engineering student at Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. It summarizes a residential project called Hiranandini Lake Verandahs that Simplex is constructing. Key details include the location of the project, specifications of the 27-floor towers including number of flats and amenities, and descriptions of the construction processes for laying building slabs and columns. Photos supplement the summaries of construction steps.
CFD Analysis on Aerodynamic Effects on a Passenger CarIRJET Journal
This document discusses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of aerodynamic effects on a passenger car with and without spoilers. It first provides background on spoilers and their purpose in improving vehicle stability at high speeds. It then details the CFD modeling process using CAD software to model a baseline car model and variations with rear and roof spoilers. CFD analysis was performed to determine total pressure and velocity contours and estimate drag and lift forces. Results showed that a roof spoiler provided the most drag reduction and increased negative lift, improving stability at high speeds, while a rear spoiler primarily increased negative lift with less drag reduction.
Final Year Project Report Sample for Engineers - IIT and State UniversityHitesh Sharma
A sample report for all final year college students, for Engineering and Management Branch.
Best for Mechanical and Core branch students.
Includes - First Page, Index Style, Abstract, Body, COnsclusion and Designing Methods.
Share and Support this file, thanks and also fo for my other uploads.
This document is a seminar report on magnetic levitation trains submitted by Anuj Bansal to partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree in electrical engineering. The report contains an introduction to magnetic levitation technology, different types of magnetic levitation including permanent magnet, electromagnetic, and electrodynamic types. It discusses the working principles of levitation, propulsion, stability, and guidance of maglev trains and compares maglev trains to conventional aircraft and trains.
This project presents an overhead bridge electromagnetic crane that can automatically measure and place objects on a conveyor belt based on their length and height. The crane uses sensors to detect objects, a microcontroller to process the measurements and control the electromagnet and motors, and can operate either automatically or manually via joystick. It is intended to help automate material handling in industries like shipping, steel mills, and petroleum refineries.
Resume format for On-Campus freshers' placementsShantanu Thakre
The document is a resume for a student providing personal and academic details. It includes the student's contact information, objective, academic qualifications including percentages achieved in semesters of an engineering degree, computer skills, descriptions of third year and final year projects, achievements, extracurricular activities, strengths, personal details, and a declaration by the student.
This document outlines a final project presentation for a mechanical engineering student. The project aims to investigate total pressure distortion patterns downstream of a distortion screen and identify the aerodynamic inlet plane ahead of a compressor. The methodology involves obtaining geometric details of an experimental facility, meshing the fluid domain, imposing boundary conditions from experiments, and obtaining flow solutions using simulation software. Results will be validated with experiments. The presentation covers the project objectives, literature review on distorted intake flows, validation studies, simulation design, solution procedure, results and discussions, conclusions, and suggestions for future work.
Project report design and analysis of automatic manually operated ecoShivam Shukla
This document is a project report submitted by Divyanshu Shukla to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. The report details the design and analysis of a manually operated, eco-friendly road cleaner. It includes chapters on the introduction, literature review, design of the road cleaner including 3D modeling and component selection, fabrication techniques, working and analysis. The aim of the project was to develop an alternative to conventional road cleaning machines that are costly and use fuels that cause pollution. The designed machine uses human power and locally available, low-cost materials to provide a more sustainable and economical option for road cleaning.
The document provides details about an internship report submitted by Raminshah Muhammed at Peekay Steel Castings Pvt Ltd located in Calicut, Kerala, India. Peekay Steel Castings manufactures steel castings for industries such as power, oil and gas, mining, and transportation. Key departments involved in the casting process include methods and development, pattern shop, moulding, melting, heat treatment, fettling, machine shop, quality control, and quality assurance. The internship focused on studying non-destructive testing techniques such as magnetic particle inspection, ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, and dye penetrant inspection used to detect casting defects at Peekay Steel Castings.
The document summarizes Tarun Kumar Matriaya's summer training internship with North Central Railways in Allahabad from June 30 to July 30, 2009. It provides an overview of optical fiber communication and its uses in Indian Railways. Optical fibers have advantages over other communication methods like being thinner, less expensive, and having high bandwidth. Indian Railways uses optical fiber communication to optimize train scheduling, measure speeds, distribute signals, and monitor traffic lights.
The document provides details about the one month industrial training undergone by Reshmi R at Doordarshan Kendra and All India Radio in Thiruvananthapuram. It includes an abstract summarizing the key activities and learnings from the training. The training covered the technical operations of Doordarshan Kendra, including studios, production control room, video storage, master switching room, digital earth station, outside broadcasting and terrestrial transmitters. It also covered the technical aspects of radio broadcasting at All India Radio including studios, control room and different types of transmitters used for medium wave, short wave and FM transmissions.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF I.C. ENGINE PISTON AND PISTON-RING USING CATIA AND ANS...IAEME Publication
In this present work a piston and piston ring are designed for a single cylinder four stroke petrol engine using CATIA V5R20 software. Complete design is imported to ANSYS 14.5 software then analysis is performed. Three different materials have been selected for structural and thermal analysis of piston. For piston ring two different materials are selected and structural and thermal analysis is performed using ANSYS 14.5 software. Results are shown and a comparison is made to
find the most suited design.
With Korea acting as a fast follower rather than an innovator in the 3D printing industry, Korean companies are now setting their sights on catching up to the field in this quickly developing sector. In this Ipsos publication, we review the Korean 3D printing industry in its present state, including its most promising opportunities as well as the barriers to success that business is currently facing. We then put a special focus on the major Korean players, the parts of industry where the technology is most likely to take hold in the coming years, and how the government and businesses are stepping up to the challenge. The Ipsos publication includes:
- Market Potential of the Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Barriers to Growth in the Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Detailed Trends of the Korean 3D Printing Industry, by Sector
- 3D Printing in the Education and Health Sectors within Korea
- Korean Government Policies for 3D Printing
- Government Investment in Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Future Prospects for the Korean 3D Printing Industry
Email your questions and comments about this Ipsos paper on the developments in Korean 3D Printing paper to korea.bc@ipsos.com
Finite Element analysis of Spring Assemblyanujajape
This document presents a finite element analysis of a spring assembly. It contains the following key points:
1) It describes a finite element model of a two-spring assembly, where each spring is modeled as a 1D element with one degree of freedom (axial displacement) at each node.
2) It presents the stiffness matrix formulation for a two-node spring element and shows how the element stiffness matrices are assembled into a global stiffness matrix.
3) It shows an example problem where the displacements and forces in each spring are determined when a 5N force is applied to the free end of the assembly. The analysis involves forming the stiffness matrix, applying boundary conditions, solving the equilibrium equations, and calculating the
Universiti Kuala Lumpur, British Malaysian Institute
The document proposes designing an extension cable that can provide AC power from a solar power system. It involves a solar panel charging a battery via a solar charging controller. An inverter would convert the DC battery power to AC power that can be delivered to devices via the extension cable. The system aims to provide a low-cost way to generate electricity from solar energy for household or industrial use, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Industrial training solid works report by atharva mahalle (19 me001) NSVines
The document is an industrial training report submitted by Mr. Atharva Mahalle for a Solidworks online training course taken through Internshala Trainings. It details the 6 modules covered in the training, including introduction to Solidworks interface and sketching, applying features and materials, assemblies, drawings, and a final project to create an air piston assembly. It acknowledges the support and guidance received from the training instructor, department head, and institution.
This document discusses utilizing human power as an alternative energy source. It presents several ways human power can be obtained directly through pedal power and bicycle generators or indirectly through gym and playground equipment. Examples are given of a gym that powers itself through stationary bicycles and a children's playground that stores energy from swings and seesaws. Additional devices discussed include a generator added to a revolving door, piezoelectric shoe inserts, and a seesaw design that uses springs and pneumatics to generate electricity. The objectives are to raise awareness of human power, utilize it for various energy needs, and introduce eco-friendly generation devices. Advantages include low-cost and availability while disadvantages note the energy required to sustain human power sources.
This report summarizes an internship at the Rehabilitation of Labugama and Kalatuwawa Water Treatment Plant Project in Sri Lanka. As an intern, the author was a Junior Engineer responsible for assisting with construction tasks and project management duties. The project involved upgrading aging infrastructure at two essential water treatment plants to improve water quality and capacity.
This document provides a project report on using LabVIEW software to transmit hyperterminal data from a server PC to a client PC via Ethernet using unicast and multicast methods. It begins with an introduction to virtual instrumentation and LabVIEW. It then discusses the objectives, requirements, theory, logic, circuit diagram, blocks and components used, and applications. The project aims to design and simulate a circuit to transmit and receive time synchronization data between PCs using different network transmission methods in LabVIEW for applications like time synchronization of systems.
Theoretical Analysis of Stress and Design of Piston Head using CATIA & ANSYSinventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
1) The candidate declares that the work presented in their dissertation titled "Seminar Report" is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Computer Science Engineering.
2) The work was carried out under the guidance of Mr. Suneel Kumar at the Shekhawati Institute of Engineering and Technology and the candidate has not submitted this work anywhere else for another degree.
3) The candidate acknowledges the guidance of their project supervisor Mr. Suneel Kumar and the assistance of the staff members in the Computer Science department during the development of the project.
The document summarizes an industrial visit report to the Sabarigiri Hydroelectric Power Station in Moozhiyar, Kerala, India. Key details include:
- The power station has an installed capacity of 340MW generated from 4 units of 55MW and 2 units of 60MW capacity using vertical shaft Pelton turbines.
- Water is collected from the Pamba and Kakki dams and reservoirs and sent through penstocks to drive the turbines.
- The generators are salient pole synchronous machines produced by Allis Chambers operating at 11kV, 50Hz.
- The power station plays an important role in meeting around 2% of Kerala's annual energy demand.
This document discusses the history and development of GSM and UMTS mobile communication standards. It is an edited collection of chapters written by various key contributors to GSM and UMTS standardization work.
The first chapter provides an introduction and overview of GSM's achievements, milestones, and success as measured by adoption numbers. It outlines the standardization work done within ETSI and its predecessor groups to develop the GSM specifications from the 1980s through the early 2000s.
Subsequent chapters delve into more specific topics like the technical specifications for GSM Phase 1, evolving GSM services in Phase 2, work on 3G standards within 3GPP, the development of system architecture, radio interfaces,
Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
This document is a seminar report on magnetic levitation trains submitted by Anuj Bansal to partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Technology degree in electrical engineering. The report contains an introduction to magnetic levitation technology, different types of magnetic levitation including permanent magnet, electromagnetic, and electrodynamic types. It discusses the working principles of levitation, propulsion, stability, and guidance of maglev trains and compares maglev trains to conventional aircraft and trains.
This project presents an overhead bridge electromagnetic crane that can automatically measure and place objects on a conveyor belt based on their length and height. The crane uses sensors to detect objects, a microcontroller to process the measurements and control the electromagnet and motors, and can operate either automatically or manually via joystick. It is intended to help automate material handling in industries like shipping, steel mills, and petroleum refineries.
Resume format for On-Campus freshers' placementsShantanu Thakre
The document is a resume for a student providing personal and academic details. It includes the student's contact information, objective, academic qualifications including percentages achieved in semesters of an engineering degree, computer skills, descriptions of third year and final year projects, achievements, extracurricular activities, strengths, personal details, and a declaration by the student.
This document outlines a final project presentation for a mechanical engineering student. The project aims to investigate total pressure distortion patterns downstream of a distortion screen and identify the aerodynamic inlet plane ahead of a compressor. The methodology involves obtaining geometric details of an experimental facility, meshing the fluid domain, imposing boundary conditions from experiments, and obtaining flow solutions using simulation software. Results will be validated with experiments. The presentation covers the project objectives, literature review on distorted intake flows, validation studies, simulation design, solution procedure, results and discussions, conclusions, and suggestions for future work.
Project report design and analysis of automatic manually operated ecoShivam Shukla
This document is a project report submitted by Divyanshu Shukla to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering. The report details the design and analysis of a manually operated, eco-friendly road cleaner. It includes chapters on the introduction, literature review, design of the road cleaner including 3D modeling and component selection, fabrication techniques, working and analysis. The aim of the project was to develop an alternative to conventional road cleaning machines that are costly and use fuels that cause pollution. The designed machine uses human power and locally available, low-cost materials to provide a more sustainable and economical option for road cleaning.
The document provides details about an internship report submitted by Raminshah Muhammed at Peekay Steel Castings Pvt Ltd located in Calicut, Kerala, India. Peekay Steel Castings manufactures steel castings for industries such as power, oil and gas, mining, and transportation. Key departments involved in the casting process include methods and development, pattern shop, moulding, melting, heat treatment, fettling, machine shop, quality control, and quality assurance. The internship focused on studying non-destructive testing techniques such as magnetic particle inspection, ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, and dye penetrant inspection used to detect casting defects at Peekay Steel Castings.
The document summarizes Tarun Kumar Matriaya's summer training internship with North Central Railways in Allahabad from June 30 to July 30, 2009. It provides an overview of optical fiber communication and its uses in Indian Railways. Optical fibers have advantages over other communication methods like being thinner, less expensive, and having high bandwidth. Indian Railways uses optical fiber communication to optimize train scheduling, measure speeds, distribute signals, and monitor traffic lights.
The document provides details about the one month industrial training undergone by Reshmi R at Doordarshan Kendra and All India Radio in Thiruvananthapuram. It includes an abstract summarizing the key activities and learnings from the training. The training covered the technical operations of Doordarshan Kendra, including studios, production control room, video storage, master switching room, digital earth station, outside broadcasting and terrestrial transmitters. It also covered the technical aspects of radio broadcasting at All India Radio including studios, control room and different types of transmitters used for medium wave, short wave and FM transmissions.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF I.C. ENGINE PISTON AND PISTON-RING USING CATIA AND ANS...IAEME Publication
In this present work a piston and piston ring are designed for a single cylinder four stroke petrol engine using CATIA V5R20 software. Complete design is imported to ANSYS 14.5 software then analysis is performed. Three different materials have been selected for structural and thermal analysis of piston. For piston ring two different materials are selected and structural and thermal analysis is performed using ANSYS 14.5 software. Results are shown and a comparison is made to
find the most suited design.
With Korea acting as a fast follower rather than an innovator in the 3D printing industry, Korean companies are now setting their sights on catching up to the field in this quickly developing sector. In this Ipsos publication, we review the Korean 3D printing industry in its present state, including its most promising opportunities as well as the barriers to success that business is currently facing. We then put a special focus on the major Korean players, the parts of industry where the technology is most likely to take hold in the coming years, and how the government and businesses are stepping up to the challenge. The Ipsos publication includes:
- Market Potential of the Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Barriers to Growth in the Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Detailed Trends of the Korean 3D Printing Industry, by Sector
- 3D Printing in the Education and Health Sectors within Korea
- Korean Government Policies for 3D Printing
- Government Investment in Korean 3D Printing Industry
- Future Prospects for the Korean 3D Printing Industry
Email your questions and comments about this Ipsos paper on the developments in Korean 3D Printing paper to korea.bc@ipsos.com
Finite Element analysis of Spring Assemblyanujajape
This document presents a finite element analysis of a spring assembly. It contains the following key points:
1) It describes a finite element model of a two-spring assembly, where each spring is modeled as a 1D element with one degree of freedom (axial displacement) at each node.
2) It presents the stiffness matrix formulation for a two-node spring element and shows how the element stiffness matrices are assembled into a global stiffness matrix.
3) It shows an example problem where the displacements and forces in each spring are determined when a 5N force is applied to the free end of the assembly. The analysis involves forming the stiffness matrix, applying boundary conditions, solving the equilibrium equations, and calculating the
Universiti Kuala Lumpur, British Malaysian Institute
The document proposes designing an extension cable that can provide AC power from a solar power system. It involves a solar panel charging a battery via a solar charging controller. An inverter would convert the DC battery power to AC power that can be delivered to devices via the extension cable. The system aims to provide a low-cost way to generate electricity from solar energy for household or industrial use, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Industrial training solid works report by atharva mahalle (19 me001) NSVines
The document is an industrial training report submitted by Mr. Atharva Mahalle for a Solidworks online training course taken through Internshala Trainings. It details the 6 modules covered in the training, including introduction to Solidworks interface and sketching, applying features and materials, assemblies, drawings, and a final project to create an air piston assembly. It acknowledges the support and guidance received from the training instructor, department head, and institution.
This document discusses utilizing human power as an alternative energy source. It presents several ways human power can be obtained directly through pedal power and bicycle generators or indirectly through gym and playground equipment. Examples are given of a gym that powers itself through stationary bicycles and a children's playground that stores energy from swings and seesaws. Additional devices discussed include a generator added to a revolving door, piezoelectric shoe inserts, and a seesaw design that uses springs and pneumatics to generate electricity. The objectives are to raise awareness of human power, utilize it for various energy needs, and introduce eco-friendly generation devices. Advantages include low-cost and availability while disadvantages note the energy required to sustain human power sources.
This report summarizes an internship at the Rehabilitation of Labugama and Kalatuwawa Water Treatment Plant Project in Sri Lanka. As an intern, the author was a Junior Engineer responsible for assisting with construction tasks and project management duties. The project involved upgrading aging infrastructure at two essential water treatment plants to improve water quality and capacity.
This document provides a project report on using LabVIEW software to transmit hyperterminal data from a server PC to a client PC via Ethernet using unicast and multicast methods. It begins with an introduction to virtual instrumentation and LabVIEW. It then discusses the objectives, requirements, theory, logic, circuit diagram, blocks and components used, and applications. The project aims to design and simulate a circuit to transmit and receive time synchronization data between PCs using different network transmission methods in LabVIEW for applications like time synchronization of systems.
Theoretical Analysis of Stress and Design of Piston Head using CATIA & ANSYSinventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
1) The candidate declares that the work presented in their dissertation titled "Seminar Report" is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Computer Science Engineering.
2) The work was carried out under the guidance of Mr. Suneel Kumar at the Shekhawati Institute of Engineering and Technology and the candidate has not submitted this work anywhere else for another degree.
3) The candidate acknowledges the guidance of their project supervisor Mr. Suneel Kumar and the assistance of the staff members in the Computer Science department during the development of the project.
The document summarizes an industrial visit report to the Sabarigiri Hydroelectric Power Station in Moozhiyar, Kerala, India. Key details include:
- The power station has an installed capacity of 340MW generated from 4 units of 55MW and 2 units of 60MW capacity using vertical shaft Pelton turbines.
- Water is collected from the Pamba and Kakki dams and reservoirs and sent through penstocks to drive the turbines.
- The generators are salient pole synchronous machines produced by Allis Chambers operating at 11kV, 50Hz.
- The power station plays an important role in meeting around 2% of Kerala's annual energy demand.
This document discusses the history and development of GSM and UMTS mobile communication standards. It is an edited collection of chapters written by various key contributors to GSM and UMTS standardization work.
The first chapter provides an introduction and overview of GSM's achievements, milestones, and success as measured by adoption numbers. It outlines the standardization work done within ETSI and its predecessor groups to develop the GSM specifications from the 1980s through the early 2000s.
Subsequent chapters delve into more specific topics like the technical specifications for GSM Phase 1, evolving GSM services in Phase 2, work on 3G standards within 3GPP, the development of system architecture, radio interfaces,
Physical channels carry information over the air interface between the mobile station and base transceiver station. Logical channels map user data and signaling information onto physical channels. There are two main types of logical channels - traffic channels which carry call data, and control channels which communicate service information. Control channels include broadcast channels which transmit cell-wide information, common channels used for paging and access procedures, and dedicated channels for signaling during calls or when not on a call. Logical channels are mapped onto physical channels to effectively transmit information wirelessly between network components in a GSM system.
Introduction of opnet network simulator ali torabi
this article is in persian language.
opnet network simulator is a product of
OPNET Technologies, Inc.
In October 2012, OPNET was acquired by Riverbed Technology,
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is an all-IP wireless protocol that provides increased data rates and improved user response times compared to previous standards. The LTE model simulates key aspects of LTE including EPS bearers, traffic flow classification, session management, broadcast/multicast traffic using MBMS, and protocol layers like PDCP, RLC, MAC and the physical layer for both FDD and TDD schemes. Configuration and analysis of LTE networks is also supported.
We faced so much difficulties in running Networking Simulators such as NS2, NS3, OPNET, and many more. Increasing Awareness and demand for stable simulator incorporates to other simulators, the OPNET simulator is one of the best solution. With the nays getting louder, the OPNET Modeler (similar to OPNET Simulator) is stronger competitor then other simulators.
The document describes two experiments conducted using the OPNET simulation tool. Experiment 1 involves simulating a TCP network using different congestion control mechanisms and analyzing OSPF routing. Experiment 2 compares the bus and star network topologies by creating networks with each in OPNET and collecting statistics on traffic and delay. The objectives are to get familiar with OPNET, study TCP algorithms, simulate OSPF routing, and understand the pros and cons of different topologies. Tasks for each experiment are described in detail, including how to set up the simulations, configure nodes and links, select statistics, and run the simulations.
The document provides an overview of OPNET Modeler, a network simulation tool. It describes OPNET Modeler's architecture, which includes tools for model specification, data collection and simulation, and analysis. It also discusses how to locate models and components using the model library and its organization. The goal is to help users understand what problems can be solved with OPNET Modeler and how to get started using it.
Modeling, Configuration and Performance Analysis of the customized network us...Fatema Zohora
The document describes a student project using Riverbed Modeler to simulate and analyze the performance of a customized enterprise network. The student modeled a retail company network with multiple LANs and offices. Key steps included designing the network topology, configuring IP addresses, applications and profiles, running simulations to analyze traffic, throughput, delays and the impact of failures. The project provided experience using Riverbed Modeler to simulate and evaluate network performance.
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GSM uses frequency division duplexing with carriers separated by 200 kHz. Each carrier is divided into 8 time slots using TDMA. Logical channels like traffic channels and signaling channels are mapped onto these physical time slots. Traffic channels carry user data at either full rate or half rate, while signaling channels include broadcast, common, and dedicated control channels used for functions like synchronization, paging, call setup, and handover.
This document describes the evolution of 2G and 3G mobile network architectures. It shows:
1) The separation of the control plane and user plane in 3GPP Release 4, with the MSC Server handling signaling and Media Gateways handling transmission.
2) How the MSC Server system provides operational expenditure savings by moving voice and signaling transmission to IP networks and separating equipment for more flexible siting.
3) How the MSC Server system allows investment protection by supporting existing services on GSM, EDGE, 3G and TDM, IP, and ATM transmission networks.
Ftp and database statistics in wireless network environment for web client 2IAEME Publication
This paper models and simulates a wireless local area network (WLAN) using OPNET simulator to measure performance in a campus/university environment. Two scenarios are tested: 1) two WLAN sites each with 20 users (10 using a database application and 10 using FTP) connected through one access point without load balancing and 2) the same configuration with load balancing. Key performance metrics analyzed include response time, task processing time, media access delay, and throughput. The results show that load balancing significantly improves wireless and wired network performance for both database and FTP applications.
Investigating the performance of voip over wlan in campus networkAlexander Decker
This document discusses a simulation study of Voice over IP (VoIP) performance over a wireless campus network. The study investigated three factors:
1) Increasing the number of VoIP workstations from 6 to 30, which significantly increased jitter, delay, data dropped and decreased throughput. The network could only support 2-4 VoIP clients.
2) Using different voice coding schemes (G.711, G.723, G.729), which found that G.711 had the lowest jitter and delay but highest data dropped, while G.729 had the highest jitter and delay but lowest data dropped.
3) Increasing clients in video conferencing, which was not explicitly studied but would further degrade performance
This document summarizes a study on the performance of real-time and non-real-time traffic in IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) using the network simulator NS2. The study evaluates the impact of the distributed coordination function (DCF) on throughput, packet loss, and delay. It describes simulations with various traffic types, including voice, video, and data, under different load conditions. The results show the packet loss, throughput, and delay for each simulation case.
Experimental analysis of channel interference in ad hoc networkijcsa
In recent times, the use of ad hoc networks is a common research area among a researcher. Designing an
efficient and reliable network is not easy task. Network engineer faces many problems at the time of
deploying a network such as interference; Signal coverage, proper location of access point etc. channel
interference in one of them which must be considered at the time of deploying WLAN indoor environments
because channel interference impacts the network throughput and degrade the network performance.
In this experiment, we design a two WLAN BSS1 and BSS2 and investigate the impact of interference on
nodes. BSS1 contains three FTP clients and BSS2 contains two FTP client and their jobs is to upload data
to FTP Server Initially, they are far from each other. BSS1 moves toward BSS2 and after some time at
particular position both BSSs overlaps to each other. When BSSs overlaps to each other interference is
high and decrease network performance and increase upload time.
An analysis of a large scale wireless image distribution system deploymentConference Papers
This document describes two setups of a wireless image distribution system:
1. A setup using commercial network equipment like access points and an access controller, which supported over 125 connected devices and provided sufficient bandwidth for the system load in an auditorium with 159 seats.
2. A setup using a wireless mesh network of three NerveNet nodes, which provided a quick and easy setup without wired connections but needs further performance improvements. Results from tests of both setups were analyzed to evaluate the network technologies for smart community applications.
An analysis of a large scale wireless image distribution system deploymentConference Papers
This document describes two setups of a wireless image distribution system:
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2. A setup using a wireless mesh network of NICT NerveNet nodes, which provided a quick and easy setup but had room for improved performance based on analysis of the wireless backhaul links and connected devices. Both setups were tested and analyzed to evaluate network technologies for smart community applications.
Application-Aware Acceleration for Wireless Data Networks: Design Elements an...Zhenyun Zhuang
This document discusses an approach called Application-Aware Acceleration (A3) to improve application performance over wireless networks. It finds that while transport layer protocols improve performance for FTP, they provide little benefit for other applications like CIFS, SMTP, and HTTP due to the applications' behaviors. A3 addresses this by using principles like transaction prediction, prioritized fetching, and redundant transmissions to offset applications' typical problems when used over wireless networks. The document presents the motivation and design of A3, and evaluates its effectiveness through emulations and a proof-of-concept prototype using NetFilter.
Comparative analysis of 802.11b&g WLAN systems based on Throughput metricIRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of the maximum throughput performance of 802.11b and 802.11g wireless networks. It describes the theoretical formulas used to calculate throughput and compares them to experimental throughput values obtained using the iperf tool. The results show that the theoretical throughput is higher than experimental throughput for both 802.11b and 802.11g networks, and that 802.11g has a comparatively greater throughput than 802.11b. Formulas for calculating theoretical throughput are provided for each network standard.
This document discusses the testing and evaluation of a video transmission system using a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point for instructional video broadcasting at a university. The system was built using a computer server to store and transmit instructional videos to clients via a WLAN access point. Tests were conducted to analyze network performance parameters like throughput, packet loss, and delay. Results showed the system could successfully broadcast videos from the server to clients in different quality settings over the university's 100 Mbps local network via the access point. This research aims to understand how to implement a wireless network using an access point for instructional video broadcasting in a university setting.
This document evaluates the performance of different IEEE 802.11 WiFi standards (b, a, g, n) for Voice over WiFi (VoFi) applications. It simulates these standards using OPNET and analyzes key performance indicators like throughput, delay, and packet drop. The results show that 802.11n has the highest throughput of nearly 2Gbps, lowest delay, and shortest period of packet drops and retransmissions, indicating it is best suited for real-time applications like VoFi that require high bandwidth and reliability. The document concludes 802.11n is the most suitable standard for critical real-time applications based on its superior performance in the simulations.
This document analyzes the performance of Wi-Fi networks under three conditions: no fading, flat fading, and dispersive fading. It simulates these conditions using an IEEE 802.11a WLAN physical layer model in Matlab. The simulation measures packet error rate and bit rate as the signal-to-noise ratio and maximum Doppler shift are varied. With no fading, there is no packet error and bit rate increases with SNR. Under flat and dispersive fading, packet error and bit rates are affected differently based on the maximum Doppler shift. The best performance occurs under flat fading with a lower maximum Doppler shift of 100Hz.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology that analyzes the performance of WLAN standards for multimedia applications with multiple subnet scenarios. It describes creating baseline scenarios in OPNET to simulate wired and wireless network frameworks with three subnets. Traffic including video conferencing, web, and other applications was introduced. The performance of overall delay across the three scenario networks was measured. Multimedia load scenarios added video conferencing traffic served by a video server to analyze support for multimedia applications.
This document summarizes a research paper that models and simulates wireless local area networks (WLANs) using OPNET software. It aims to improve WLAN performance by replacing copper network infrastructure with fiber-optic cables.
The paper introduces WLAN and radio-fiber technologies. It then describes modeling a baseline 802.11g WLAN scenario and modified scenario using a radio-fiber system in OPNET. Response times of applications like web browsing, file transfer, email and database access are measured and compared between the baseline and modified scenarios. Simulation results show response times significantly improved for web browsing but increased slightly for file transfer in the radio-fiber system compared to the baseline WLAN.
Impact of Frequency Offset on Interference between Zigbee and Wifi for Smart ...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The Zigbee is a low cost communication technology used for low data rate communication system such as industrial automation etc. Because of its low complexity it is widely adopted for many applications. But the utilization of the same spectrum band by the WLAN system causes interference between both the systems. The proposed approach presents an analysis of this interference effect on Zigbee system when operated with WLAN sources at different distances and different power. It also analyzes the effect when a frequency offset is established between both systems. The simulation results shows that a small offset can provide sufficient improvement in the performance. Keywords: Smart Grids, Zigbee Network, Mesh Network, Wireless LAN (WLAN), BER
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
This document summarizes a research paper that evaluates the performance of wired and wireless local area networks using simulation. It describes simulating Ethernet and IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs in OPNET with varying numbers of users. Key performance metrics for wired networks like collision count, throughput, and delay were analyzed. For wireless, metrics like data dropped, throughput, and access delay were studied. As the number of users increased, throughput decreased more for wireless than wired due to transmission limitations in wireless. The paper concludes wireless performs better than wired for small user numbers but degrades more with increasing loads.
This document discusses performance issues related to the interoperability between IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet or wired LAN) and IEEE 802.11 (wireless LAN) standards in a heterogeneous network environment. It provides an overview of the two standards, including their development and key features. The document then examines interoperability issues that can occur when combining these different network types. It describes how data is exchanged between wired and wireless networks at the data link layer. The document also presents results from a simulation that showed LAN data transfer to be faster than WLAN information exchange.
This study evaluated the performance of full duplex and half duplex modes in a wired local area network (LAN) with four nodes. The network was simulated using OPNET software. When full duplex mode was implemented, the traffic received increased and the bit error rate reduced to zero. However, with half duplex mode, traffic received was lower and the bit error rate increased. Therefore, the results validated that full duplex mode should be used to achieve better quality of service in terms of high traffic and low error rates in a wired LAN.
This whitepaper provides an overview of WLAN offload in LTE networks. It describes the integration of WLAN access methods into 3GPP networks, as well as IP mobility solutions like IP Flow Mobility (IFOM). The paper also covers network discovery and selection functions, including the Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) and the Access Network Query Protocol (ANQP).
Automatic Detection of Stronger Wi-Fi NetworksIRJET Journal
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Design and simulation of wireless local area network for administrative office using opnet network simulator a practical approach
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Design and Simulation of Wireless Local Area Network for
Administrative Office using OPNET Network Simulator: A
Practical Approach
Elechi Onyekachi O
Computer Science Department, Faculty of Physical Sciences,Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
kachyelechi@yahoo.com
Abstract
Wireless local Area Network (WLAN) is a networking standard that links two or more devices with the use of
wireless signal (radio frequency). It is based on the IEEE 802.11 standards (IEEE Standard 2007). Its advantages
over the traditional wired technology, includes: reduction in wires, mobility and flexibility. It can be deployed in
ad-hoc (infrastructure less) and infrastructure based, which uses access point as its central coordinating facility.
In this paper, infrastructure-based WLAN is used. In this case, there is an access point (AP) and stations/clients
(that could be mobile). This BSS connects to other neighbouring BSSs through a high speed back-bone, the
back-bone then connects to the ISP through a modem for internet services. As a result, we designed and
simulated WLAN and identified the key network performance parameters (such as delay, throughput, packet
drop, etc) that must be addressed to guarantee optimal service delivery
Keywords: WLAN, QoS, Broadband, Bandwidth, Throughput.
1. Introduction
As opposed to traditional wired LAN, a wireless LAN is a grouping of computers and peripheral devices that
share a common communications backbone. As is implied by the name, a WLAN allows users to connect to the
LAN wirelessly via radio transmission. Wireless technology has helped to simplify networking by enabling
multiple computer users to simultaneously share resources in a home or business without additional or intrusive
wiring. These resources might include a broadband Internet connection, network printers, data files, and even
streaming audio and video. This kind of resource sharing has become more prevalent as computer users have
changed their habits from using single, stand-alone computers to working on networks with multiple computers,
each with potentially different operating systems and varying peripheral hardware.
Wireless networking enables the same capabilities and comparable speeds of a wired 10BASE-T network
without the difficulties associated with laying wire, drilling into walls, or stringing Ethernet cables throughout an
office building or home. Laptop users have the freedom to roam anywhere in the office building or home without
having to hunt down a connector cable or available jack. Every room in a wireless home or office can be
“connected” to the network, so adding more users and growing a network can be as simple as installing a new
wireless network adapter. A WLAN typically extends an existing wired local area network. WLANs are built by
attaching a device called the access point (AP) to the edge of the wired network. Clients communicate with the
AP using a wireless network adapter similar in function to a traditional Ethernet adapter (Peppas et al, 2007;
Elechi & Eze, 2013).
2. Literature Review
In their research, Peppas et al (2007) presumed that in the forthcoming years Wireless Local Area Networks are
expected to be widely utilised in hotspots such as city centres, airports, café, restaurants, etc where high capacity
is necessary to serve a large number of demanding data users. Consequently, the presumption of Peppas et al
came to pass as Wireless Local Area Networks (IEEE 802.11 standard wireless LAN) has become a household
name. Currently, every home, business as well as government administrative offices, restaurants, city centres,
cafeteria, airports, secondary and tertiary institutions, all feels the dire need of Wireless Local Area Networks.
WLANs (IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n standards wireless LAN) are growing rapidly (Ghazala et al, 2009).
According to Elechi & Eze (2013), IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n standards wireless LAN can provide the benefits of
network connectivity without the restrictions of being tied to a location or restricted by wires. In spite of the
convenience of mobility, the performance of the Wireless Local Area Networks must be considered carefully
prior to its adoption as intrinsic part of an enterprise network. In this research, the effect of various basic network
performance parameters bothering on the actual overall network performance of IEEE 802.11 based Wireless
LAN is verified through various controlled experiments/simulations using OPNET modeller 16.0 network
simulation tool.
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3. Simulation Setup
For the simulation of this WLAN, OPNET modeller is the tool used for the designing, testing and comparative
analysis of the performance of the above network. The figure 1 below shows the network design of the above
WLAN scenario in OPNET environment. As you can see, the three subnets of the network are connected to the
router and the router connected to the Ethernet server of the ISP for internet services. Each of the subnet has one
AP, thus in all, there are 3 Aps, each predefined in the subnets for managing the requirements of its network.
The Applications defined in the Application Configuration section are video, voice, http, ftp and email. Their
description is as shown below in figure 2.
The applications have the following descriptions:
Video conferencing – we use high resolution video
Voice – PCM Quality speech is speech
Http – light/heavy browsing is used
Ftp and email both used medium load.
The above points are responsible for the behaviour of our results obtained from the simulation. In the Profile
Figure 1: Simulation Design
Figure 2: Application Configuration
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Configuration, 3 profiles representing the 3 subnets are defined. This is shown below in the screenshot from the
OPNET Group_1 simulation environment. Note that in the Mgt_prog (management programs), all five
applications (video, voice, http, ftp and email) are defined, in the ITStaff_prog (IT/Staff programs) voice, http,
ftp and email are defined. While for the ClassCafe_prog (Class/Café programs) http, ftp and email are defined.
Figure 3: Profile Configurations
Here the screen shot of the management department subnet is shown. All the workstations in this subnet and the
access point (AP1) are manually assigned the SSID (Service Set Identifier) of 1. This is to make the subnet more
secure and interference free from the external (unwanted) access to the network. All other two subnets are
similarly configured. SSID of 2 and 3 are used for the IT and the class room Access point respectively. Below is
the screen shot of Management Subnet.
Testing and Analysis of Result
50% Traffic Increase (Results and Analysis)
The comparison of the network performance between the scenario1 and scenario2 after 50% increment in traffic
is analysed below.
Access Point 1 (Management) Scenario 1 And 2
Delay: From the graph (Figure 5) below, it can be inferred that there is more delay in the first scenario than in
the second scenario. This is due to increment in the traffic on the network.
Figure 4 : Management Subnet
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LOAD: If the traffic is increased by 50%, then by implication, the load is also increased. It can be seen from the
graph in Figure 6 that the load increases from 5.9Mbps to 8.9Mbps. Therefore traffic increase affects the load.
Also considering services such as voice and video that has huge impact on the traffic.
THROUGHPUT: From the graph in Figure 7 below, we can see that packet delivered per seconds in the second
scenario has reduced to about 3 Mbps from about 3.2 Mbps in scenario 1. Though the difference is not very
significant, but this is due to increase in data drop rate, bandwidth limitation and congestion.
ACCESS POINT IT/STAFF SCENARIO 1 AND 2
DELAY: The graph contained in Figure 8 shows the average delay against simulation run time comparison of
two different scenarios running HTTP, Mail and Voice services on the WLAN of but the second scenario has
50% increment of traffic. From the graph we can infer that the red line which represent delay in scenario 2
experience more packet delay as a result of 50% increment of Traffic on the WLAN. This significant difference
is recorded because of the bandwidth consuming Applications such as voice running in IT/Staff subnet.
LOAD: Also, when the traffic is increased by 50%, the load in the IT AP increases, hence it increases from
3.7Mbps-5.7Mbps, which obviously shows the increase in load due to increase in data packets transmitted
Figure 5: Delay comparison for AP 1 Figure 6: Load Comparison for AP 1
Figure 7: Throughput Comparison for AP 1 Figure 8: Delay Comparison for AP 2
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(Figure 9).
THROUGHPUT: The graph as contained in Figure 10 below shows that the number of packets delivered by the
access point increases in the second scenario (i.e. scenario 2). This is due to fact that since there is more traffic
on the network, the number of packets increased, and also increases the throughput of the network from about
3.7Mbps in scenario 1 to about 5.8 Mbps in scenario 2.
ACESS POINT 3 CAFÉ SCENARIO 1 AND 2
DELAY: The graph in Figure 11 shows the average delay against simulation run time comparison of two
different scenarios running HTTP, Mail and ftp services on the WLAN, but the second scenario has 50%
increment of traffic. From the graph we infered that the red line which represent delay in scenario 2 experience
less packet delay as a result of 50% increment of Traffic on the WLAN.
LOAD: There is a slightly different scenario here, because of the load information on the AP’s CPU; it performs
better in load balancing in contrast to its utilization. This is because, given that a host under that AP is heavily
loaded, then certainly it has almost 100% utilization (CPU), (Figure 12).
THROUGHPUT: The graph in Figure 13 below shows that the number of packets delivered by the access point
reduced in the second scenario (i.e. scenario 2). This is due to fact that since there is more traffic on the network,
bandwidth utilization dropped as result of congestion and other factors, thus, data drop rate increases and then
reduces the throughput of the network. Overall average reduction in the throughput is about 1.8Mbps in scenario
Figure 9: Load Comparison for AP 2 Figure 10: Throughput Comparison for AP
2
Figure 11: Delay Comparison for AP 3 Figure 12: Load Comparison for AP 3
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1 to 1.2 Mbps in scenario 2.
Figure 13: Throughput Comparison for AP 3
CONCLUSIONS: From the above test and analysis of graphs of the various access points, the metrics of
evaluation of the network performance in each of the scenarios can be summarised as follows:
Scenario 1
Table 1: Performance metrics result for Scenario 1
Access points Performance Evaluation Metrics
DELAY (SEC) LOAD (Mbps) THROUPUT (Mbps
AP 1 0.5 5.8 4.25
AP 2 0.00065 3.7 3.9
AP 3 2.9 2.75 2.9
Scenario 2
Table 2: Performance metrics result for Scenario 2
Access points Performance Evaluation Metrics
DELAY (SEC) LOAD (Mbps) THROUPUT (Mbps
AP 1 0.48 8.9 3.2
AP 2 0.0023 5.7 5.8
AP 3 0.1 1.4 1.8
From the above table we can then conclude that the performance of a WLAN network is a function of the
metrics (delay, load, throughput, etc.). And we can also see that changing the traffic value on the network has
significant effects on those metrics in each of the three Access Point in the network. The effect of traffic increase
is seen more in the Access Points 1 and 2; this is because they handle more bandwidth demanding applications
like video and voice.
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Engineering, Technology and Systems Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems CEIS@iiste.org
Innovative Systems Design and Engineering ISDE@iiste.org
Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy JETP@iiste.org
Information and Knowledge Management IKM@iiste.org
Journal of Control Theory and Informatics CTI@iiste.org
Journal of Information Engineering and Applications JIEA@iiste.org
Industrial Engineering Letters IEL@iiste.org
Journal of Network and Complex Systems NCS@iiste.org
Environment, Civil, Materials Sciences Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Journal of Environment and Earth Science JEES@iiste.org
Journal of Civil and Environmental Research CER@iiste.org
Journal of Natural Sciences Research JNSR@iiste.org
Life Science, Food and Medical Sciences PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Advances in Life Science and Technology ALST@iiste.org
Journal of Natural Sciences Research JNSR@iiste.org
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare JBAH@iiste.org
Journal of Food Science and Quality Management FSQM@iiste.org
Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research CMR@iiste.org
Education, and other Social Sciences PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Journal of Education and Practice JEP@iiste.org
Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization JLPG@iiste.org
Journal of New Media and Mass Communication NMMC@iiste.org
Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy JETP@iiste.org
Historical Research Letter HRL@iiste.org
Public Policy and Administration Research PPAR@iiste.org
International Affairs and Global Strategy IAGS@iiste.org
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences RHSS@iiste.org
Journal of Developing Country Studies DCS@iiste.org
Journal of Arts and Design Studies ADS@iiste.org
9. The IISTE is a pioneer in the Open-Access hosting service and academic event management.
The aim of the firm is Accelerating Global Knowledge Sharing.
More information about the firm can be found on the homepage:
http://www.iiste.org
CALL FOR JOURNAL PAPERS
There are more than 30 peer-reviewed academic journals hosted under the hosting platform.
Prospective authors of journals can find the submission instruction on the following
page: http://www.iiste.org/journals/ All the journals articles are available online to the
readers all over the world without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those
inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. Paper version of the journals is also
available upon request of readers and authors.
MORE RESOURCES
Book publication information: http://www.iiste.org/book/
IISTE Knowledge Sharing Partners
EBSCO, Index Copernicus, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, JournalTOCS, PKP Open
Archives Harvester, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek
EZB, Open J-Gate, OCLC WorldCat, Universe Digtial Library , NewJour, Google Scholar