Presentation to STUC Decent Work, Dignified Lives conference on 15 October 2014. David Bell and David Eiser discuss the nature and drivers of income inequality in Scotland. The presentation concludes with a discussion of policy mechanisms with the potential to reduce inequality in Scotland.
Sovereignty is over-rated, society is under-rated - Ronan Lyons Parnell Summe...Ronan Lyons
Lecture by economist Ronan Lyons, at the 2012 Parnell Summer School, outlining the limits to the importance of economic sovereignty - and the greater need to calculate a social return on public resources spent.
Presentation to STUC Decent Work, Dignified Lives conference on 15 October 2014. David Bell and David Eiser discuss the nature and drivers of income inequality in Scotland. The presentation concludes with a discussion of policy mechanisms with the potential to reduce inequality in Scotland.
Sovereignty is over-rated, society is under-rated - Ronan Lyons Parnell Summe...Ronan Lyons
Lecture by economist Ronan Lyons, at the 2012 Parnell Summer School, outlining the limits to the importance of economic sovereignty - and the greater need to calculate a social return on public resources spent.
Presentation delivered to the STUC's DEcent Work, Dignified Lives conference on 15 Oct 2014 by Karel Williams and Sukhdev Johal of Manchester University's Centre for Research on Socio-Cultural Change (CRESC). Presentation discusses failures of both the current development model and some alternatives debated during the independence referendum and the proposes a new model for Scotland.
The social security system administered by the Commonwealth Government; Payments for war veterans and their dependants; A mix of compulsory and voluntary occupational superannuation; The health care system; Compensation arrangements for work injuries and deaths; Compensation arrangements for road accident injuries and deaths; Life and contingency insurance; Paid sick leave; and Other cash and in-kind welfare benefits.
“The Success of Small States,” the latest study by the Credit Suisse Research Institute, sheds light on an important trend: the rise of small countries. Covering a variety of factors from the age of countries to trade openness, the report determines the features that make small, independent countries successful on their own.
Reform COVID19's Inequality to Avoid RevolutionsPaul H. Carr
COVID19 amplifies inequality, increasing tensions between poor Blacks, Whites, Police, and Immigrants. Economically disadvantaged Blacks joined by Whites are taking to the streets to demand reform. Economic inequality contributed to the French Revolution and to our Civil War, with the most casualties in our history.
We need reform to prevent revolutions. Karl Marx’s wrote his 1847 Communist Manifesto in response the newly rich industrialist’s exploitation of the poor workers in England. During this time, author Charles Dickens, as a boy, had to work ten-hour shifts pasting labels on bottles to support this family, because his father was confined in Debtor’s Prison.
In 1917,Trotsky led the Communist Revolution in Russia that ousted the Tsars’ monarchy. In 1924 Stalin emerged as the leader of the USSR. After WWII, the US fought the Korean and Vietnam Wars to stop the Communists from overrunning the world.
The rich, miserly Scrooge in Charles Dickens’ “Christmas Carol” underwent a conversion to a generous person who celebrated Christmas. In contrast to the Communist revolution, this can be a metaphor for the rule of law that enabled the US to overcome worker exploitation. The US passed child, labor, and anti-trust laws that constrained the power of the rich industrialists.
Since the 1980s, hourly worker pay has not increased in proportion to inflation and increased productivity. This disparity is increasing economic inequality. Most of the increased productivity pay has gone to those with education beyond a bachelor’s degree.
The minimum federal pay of $7.25 per hour has not been increased for over a decade. To keep up with inflation and productivity increases, the minimum wage should be gradually advanced to $ 20 per hour. Recently the minimum wage in Washington, DC increased to $14 per hour.
The property tax that funds public schools results in poor neighborhoods having poor schools and rich neighborhoods having good schools. State, federal, and corporate funds are needed to keep poor kids from being locked into poverty. Our high tech civilization needs an educated workforce. Let’s educate our poor rather than import educated immigrants. We must also reform our tax structure and corporate policies.
Economic Inequality: A Relational Ethical ChallengePaul H. Carr
ROOT CAUSES OF INEQUALITY
ETHICS
-Individual relationships vs Societal Responsibility
ECONOMIC THEORIES
– Individual Gain vs Common Good of Society. EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
-Most of the increase in productivity and wealth is due to advances in digital computer technology.
- Bill Gates of Microsoft and Jeff Bezos of Amazon are now wealthiest.
- Digital computer technology requires a college-equivalent math-based education
TAX STRUCTURE
-Income inequality started in 1980 with reduced income taxes on the rich. “Trickle-Down” economics not as good as "Trickle-Up"
-More inequality in US than Europe.
Literature review and summary of recent publications, blogs and reports. Delivered July 3 2014, At University of Novi Sad Conference: The Socio-Economic Aspects of Inequality.
Social Policy in Times of Crisis: Current Responses and Past Experiences: Presentation for UNC Center for European Studies Fall Lecture Series 2012, Beyond the Euro Crisis
Whose Welfare State Now? - Adrian SinfieldOxfam GB
Professor Adrian Sinfield, Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, talks about the welfare state.
Stephen Boyd, Assistant Secretary of the Scottish Trade Unions Congress, talks about how the Scottish economy works.
The Whose Economy? seminars, organised by Oxfam Scotland and the University of the West of Scotland, brought together experts to look at recent changes in the Scottish economy and their impact on Scotland's most vulnerable communities.
Held over winter and spring 2010-11 in Edinburgh, Inverness, Glasgow and Stirling, the series posed the question of what economy is being created in Scotland and, specifically, for whom?
To find out more and view other Whose Economy? papers, presentations and videos visit:
http://www.oxfamblogs.org/ukpovertypost/whose-economy-seminar-series-winter-2010-spring-2011/
Money is created out of thin air by private banks. The effects of this on the NZ economy are discussed here, including interest, debt, GDP to Debt ratios and other repercussions. Monetary reform is suggested as a solution to the problems created by our debt backed money supply. www.amandavickers.co.nz
Framtidens ekonomi (filosoficirkeln i Lund 19 sept 2023)Andreas Bergh
Slides till föredraget "Framtidens ekonomi: stabilitet, stagnation eller...?" som hölls av Andreas Bergh på Palaestra i Lund den 19 sept 2023 i regi av Filosoficirkeln.
Presentation delivered to the STUC's DEcent Work, Dignified Lives conference on 15 Oct 2014 by Karel Williams and Sukhdev Johal of Manchester University's Centre for Research on Socio-Cultural Change (CRESC). Presentation discusses failures of both the current development model and some alternatives debated during the independence referendum and the proposes a new model for Scotland.
The social security system administered by the Commonwealth Government; Payments for war veterans and their dependants; A mix of compulsory and voluntary occupational superannuation; The health care system; Compensation arrangements for work injuries and deaths; Compensation arrangements for road accident injuries and deaths; Life and contingency insurance; Paid sick leave; and Other cash and in-kind welfare benefits.
“The Success of Small States,” the latest study by the Credit Suisse Research Institute, sheds light on an important trend: the rise of small countries. Covering a variety of factors from the age of countries to trade openness, the report determines the features that make small, independent countries successful on their own.
Reform COVID19's Inequality to Avoid RevolutionsPaul H. Carr
COVID19 amplifies inequality, increasing tensions between poor Blacks, Whites, Police, and Immigrants. Economically disadvantaged Blacks joined by Whites are taking to the streets to demand reform. Economic inequality contributed to the French Revolution and to our Civil War, with the most casualties in our history.
We need reform to prevent revolutions. Karl Marx’s wrote his 1847 Communist Manifesto in response the newly rich industrialist’s exploitation of the poor workers in England. During this time, author Charles Dickens, as a boy, had to work ten-hour shifts pasting labels on bottles to support this family, because his father was confined in Debtor’s Prison.
In 1917,Trotsky led the Communist Revolution in Russia that ousted the Tsars’ monarchy. In 1924 Stalin emerged as the leader of the USSR. After WWII, the US fought the Korean and Vietnam Wars to stop the Communists from overrunning the world.
The rich, miserly Scrooge in Charles Dickens’ “Christmas Carol” underwent a conversion to a generous person who celebrated Christmas. In contrast to the Communist revolution, this can be a metaphor for the rule of law that enabled the US to overcome worker exploitation. The US passed child, labor, and anti-trust laws that constrained the power of the rich industrialists.
Since the 1980s, hourly worker pay has not increased in proportion to inflation and increased productivity. This disparity is increasing economic inequality. Most of the increased productivity pay has gone to those with education beyond a bachelor’s degree.
The minimum federal pay of $7.25 per hour has not been increased for over a decade. To keep up with inflation and productivity increases, the minimum wage should be gradually advanced to $ 20 per hour. Recently the minimum wage in Washington, DC increased to $14 per hour.
The property tax that funds public schools results in poor neighborhoods having poor schools and rich neighborhoods having good schools. State, federal, and corporate funds are needed to keep poor kids from being locked into poverty. Our high tech civilization needs an educated workforce. Let’s educate our poor rather than import educated immigrants. We must also reform our tax structure and corporate policies.
Economic Inequality: A Relational Ethical ChallengePaul H. Carr
ROOT CAUSES OF INEQUALITY
ETHICS
-Individual relationships vs Societal Responsibility
ECONOMIC THEORIES
– Individual Gain vs Common Good of Society. EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
-Most of the increase in productivity and wealth is due to advances in digital computer technology.
- Bill Gates of Microsoft and Jeff Bezos of Amazon are now wealthiest.
- Digital computer technology requires a college-equivalent math-based education
TAX STRUCTURE
-Income inequality started in 1980 with reduced income taxes on the rich. “Trickle-Down” economics not as good as "Trickle-Up"
-More inequality in US than Europe.
Literature review and summary of recent publications, blogs and reports. Delivered July 3 2014, At University of Novi Sad Conference: The Socio-Economic Aspects of Inequality.
Social Policy in Times of Crisis: Current Responses and Past Experiences: Presentation for UNC Center for European Studies Fall Lecture Series 2012, Beyond the Euro Crisis
Whose Welfare State Now? - Adrian SinfieldOxfam GB
Professor Adrian Sinfield, Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, talks about the welfare state.
Stephen Boyd, Assistant Secretary of the Scottish Trade Unions Congress, talks about how the Scottish economy works.
The Whose Economy? seminars, organised by Oxfam Scotland and the University of the West of Scotland, brought together experts to look at recent changes in the Scottish economy and their impact on Scotland's most vulnerable communities.
Held over winter and spring 2010-11 in Edinburgh, Inverness, Glasgow and Stirling, the series posed the question of what economy is being created in Scotland and, specifically, for whom?
To find out more and view other Whose Economy? papers, presentations and videos visit:
http://www.oxfamblogs.org/ukpovertypost/whose-economy-seminar-series-winter-2010-spring-2011/
Money is created out of thin air by private banks. The effects of this on the NZ economy are discussed here, including interest, debt, GDP to Debt ratios and other repercussions. Monetary reform is suggested as a solution to the problems created by our debt backed money supply. www.amandavickers.co.nz
Similar to Hayekian welfare states and viking economics (20)
Framtidens ekonomi (filosoficirkeln i Lund 19 sept 2023)Andreas Bergh
Slides till föredraget "Framtidens ekonomi: stabilitet, stagnation eller...?" som hölls av Andreas Bergh på Palaestra i Lund den 19 sept 2023 i regi av Filosoficirkeln.
Bilder från "Två filter: Varför du har fel om nästan allt men ändå inte vill ...Andreas Bergh
Denna bok har föredragits på Ekonomidagarna vid Lunds universitet, Lunds filosoficirkel, Centerstudenter, Sydsvenska handelskammaren samt ett nätverk för kommunpolitiker i Östergötland (med mera)
Föreläsning (20 minuter plus diskussion) under rubriken Är det traditionella universitetet kostnadseffektivt? på Fysiografiska sällskapet i Lund i maj 2018
Presentation at Ideon 2018, Visioning the future https://via.tt.se/pressmeddelande/pressinbjudan-till-visioning-the-future-den-31-maj?publisherId=1951692&releaseId=2712975
Varför vinner vi inte (mer) på invandringen?Andreas Bergh
Slides från presentation av rapporten "Varför vinner vi inte (mer) på invandringen?" i Fores projekt Hela Staden. Mer info här: https://fores.se/hela-staden-del-2/
Slides for my presentation on Hayekian Welfare States on the summer course "Libertad económica" (http://www.uimp.es/agenda-link.html?id_actividad=62NL&anyaca=2015-16 )
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the what'sapp number of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Message: +12349014282 VIA Whatsapp.
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the what'sapp information for my personal pi vendor.
+12349014282
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the what'sapp number.
+12349014282
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the what'sapp contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
+12349014282
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the what's app number of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
+12349014282
3. • How exactly?
• Can you really?
• Some economic
history
• Some (Hayekian)
theory
4. In 1840, Sweden was poor: 40% of UK’s
GDP/capita
Severe starvation in
1868 and 1869,
other European
countries giving aid to
Sweden
Sweden’s history as a developing country
5. Achieving prosperity and income equality
▪ 1870-1970: Sweden became 4th richest in the
world
▪ …and in 1980, Sweden (probably) had the
world’s most egalitarian income distribution
6. Explaining growth
▪ Standard explanations: Export driven growth (timber, iron ore),
avoiding the world wars.
▪ Better explanations: Property rights, low corruption.
7. Explaining Swedish income equality
▪ Equality increased before peak welfare state
▪ The policies of the 1970s are not the explanation
▪ High taxes, progressive taxes, progressive social policies, labor
market regulations.
Rather:
▪ Land reforms
▪ Unions & central wage bargaining
▪ School reforms
▪ Early social insurance reforms
▪ Female labor participation (1960s-70s)
8. The three phases of Swedish economic
history
▪ 1870 - 1970: Fantastic!
▪ 1970 - 1995: Horrible.
▪ 1995 - ??: pretty good
9. In the early 1990s, no country wanted to copy
Sweden…
Sweden:
FromCapitalist Success to
Welfare-State Sclerosis
by Peter Stein
Cato Policy Analysis No. 160 (10
sept, 1991)
”Worse and worse”
The Economist on
Sweden, 1993
0
50
100
150
200
250
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
USA
Swe
EU15
Real gpd/capita,
USA1970 = 100
10. After the 2008 financial crisis, things
changed (again)…
11. So… does the case of Sweden show
▪ …that high taxes and a generous welfare state is the way forward?
▪ or that big government leads to decline and stagnation?
▪ No!
▪ Big government has caused problems in Sweden – but Sweden has learned
from its mistakes
12. What is meant by ’big government’?
▪ Fiscal: requires high taxes and public expenditure
▪ Hayekian: requires a lot of central knowledge
13. The knowledge problem
Hayek (1945)The Use of Knowledge in
Society, American Economic Review
Knowledge is decentralized,
discovered through experimentation (trial & error).
A central decision maker is likely to make mistakes
due to having insufficient knowledge
(even a well-meaning and benevolent one).
14. Different types of government size
Knowledge needed to succeed
Fundsneeded
more
more
Keynesian
Stabilization
policies
Low basic
income
Means tested
welfare
Swedish
pension system
1960-2002
Encouragement of
entrepreneurs
Swedish pension
system 1999 -
15. In summary
▪ Swedish policies failed when they required a lot of public expenditure and a
that decision makers had lot of knowledge
▪ If policies make use of decentralized knowledge among households and
firms, having a big government in a fiscal sense is much less of a problem
▪ Lessons for other countries: learn from experimentation, aim for policies that
do not require that politicians know things that they cannot reasonably know
16. Read more:
Bergh 2014, New Political Economy
Bergh (2019), ”Hayekian welfare states”
(J of institutional economics)
English blog:
https://tcw.postach.io/
Swedish blog:
https://bergh.postach.io/