The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is India's premier investigating police agency. It was established in 1963 to investigate corruption and economic crimes. The CBI reports to the Indian government and not individual states. It has the power to investigate cases of murder, kidnapping, terrorism and other crimes. The CBI is headed by a Director General of Police and handles many high-profile cases, though it has faced criticism for mishandling some scams. Some of the CBI's most renowned cases include the Nithari killings, Sister Abhaya murder, Bhopal gas tragedy, 2G spectrum scam, coal allocation scam and Sohrabuddin case.

1. Central Bureau of Investigation
Prepared By-:
Abhey Sharma

2. What is CBI
• The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is a
governmental agency belonging to Government of
India that jointly serves as a criminal investigation
body.
• The CBI is a premier investigating police agency in
India. It is an elite force which plays a major role in
preservation of values in public life and in ensuring
the health of the national economy. It is also the
nodal police agency in India which coordinates
investigation on behalf of Interpol Member
countries.

3. History
• The agency was established in 1941 as the Special
Police Establishment. The Central Bureau of
Investigation was later established on 1 April 1963.
Its motto is "Industry, Impartiality, Integrity".
• As the CBI, over the years, established a reputation
of being India's premier investigative agency with
adequate resources to deal with complicated cases,
demands were made on it to take up investigation of
more cases of conventional crime such as murder,
kidnapping, terrorism, etc.

4. •It was therefore decided in 1987 to constitute two
investigation divisions in the CBI, namely, Anti-Corruption
Division and Special Crimes Division, the latter dealing
with cases of conventional crime, besides economic
offences.
•The CBI reports to the Indian Government and not to the
individual states.
•The CBI is headed by a Director, an IPS of the rank of
Director General of Police or Commissioner of Police
(State). He is selected based on the procedure laid down
by CVC Act 2003 and has a tenure of minimum of 2 years.

5. Jurisdiction powers, privileges and
liabilities
The legal powers of investigation of CBI are derived from
the DSPE Act 1946. This Act confers concurrent and
coextensive powers, duties, privileges and liabilities on
the members of Delhi Special Police Establishment
(CBI) with Police Officers of the Union Territories. The
Central Government may extend to any area, besides
Union Territories, the powers and jurisdiction of
members of the CBI for investigation subject to the
consent of the Government of the concerned State.
The CBI can investigate only such of the offences as are
notified by the Central Government under the DSPE
Act.

6. Political interference in cases
cases assigned to the CBI are sensitive and of
national importance. It is a usual practice for the
respective state police departments, to initially
register any case coming under its jurisdiction,
and if necessary, through mediation by the
central government, the cases may be transferred
to the CBI. The CBI handles many high-profile
cases, and is never far from controversy. The CBI
has come under severe criticism recently for its
mishandling of several scams.

7. Renowned Cases
• Nithari Killings
• Sister Abhaya murder case
• Bhopal gas tragedy
• 2G Spectrum Scam
• Indian coal allocation scam
• Sohrabuddin case