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HARLEM RENAISSANCE
African-American Culture in the 1920’s
Harlem: A neighborhood in New York City. The
center of the African American political, cultural,
and artistic movement in the 1920s and early 1930s.
The Neighborhood
Push Factors:
Why to Get Out of the South
• Jim Crow laws
• Lynching and KKK
• Flood
• Boll Weevil infestation
Pull Factors:
Why to Head North
• Jobs
• NAACP
• Leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois
and Booker T. Washington
inspire people
Title
1930
1920
1911
1920
The Harlem section of New York
City was transformed from a
deteriorating area into a thriving
middle class community
Before
After
Rise of the Black Middle Class
Rise of the Black Elite
Flowering of Black Culture
• Harlem Renaissance:
A period of time during
the 1920’s and early
1930’s when a group
of talented African-
American writers,
thinkers and artists
made a sizable
contribution to
American culture
Music: Jazz
• Began with African-American
musicians in New Orleans and
transported North during Great
Migration
• Blended blues and ragtime with
improvisation and syncopated
rhythms to produce totally new
sound
• Has been called the single greatest
contribution Americans have
made to world culture
• Jazz influenced all American
popular music that came after it
THE JAZZ AGE
• The era from right after WWI until the stock
market crash in 1929, during which jazz
increased in popularity. It was a reaction to
the hardship of the war and was characterized
by prosperity, extravagance and self-indulgent
behavior
Louis Armstrong
Greatest trumpet player of the Jazz
Age
Reinvented the range of sounds a
trumpet makes
Duke Ellington
Master composer and
bandleader who wrote over
1,000 jazz songs
Great Jazz Singers
Billie Holliday
Bessie Smith
Ella Fitzgerald
Cotton Club Apollo Theater
Many Jazz artists got their start at the Apollo
Theater or the Cotton Club in Harlem
Literature
• At the same time, African-
American authors were
giving their own voice to
the experience of being
black in America
• Plays depicting African-
Americans with complex
emotions are put on stage
(challenged minstrel
images)
LANGSTON HUGHES
• Poet, playwright and
novelist
• His first collection of poems:
I, Too, Sing America (1925)
HARLEM
What happens to a dream deferred?
Does it dry up
like a raisin in the sun?
Or fester like a sore—
And then run?
Does it stink like rotten meat?
Or crust and sugar over—
like a syrupy sweet?
Maybe it just sags
like a heavy load.
Or does it explode?
--Langston Hughes
ZORA NEALE HURSTON
• Novelist, short story writer,
folklorist and anthropologist
• Novel: Their Eyes Were
Watching God
• Major influence on Ralph
Ellison, Toni Morrison and
Alice Walker
INTELLECTUALS:
MARCUS GARVEY
• Became convinced
uniting blacks only way to
improve their condition
• Founded the United Negro
Improvement Association
in 1914 to unite blacks
• Back-to-Africa movement
• Goal to form their own
country
• Black Star Line: fleet of
ships used by the UNIA
Harlem renaissance

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Harlem renaissance

  • 2. Harlem: A neighborhood in New York City. The center of the African American political, cultural, and artistic movement in the 1920s and early 1930s.
  • 4. Push Factors: Why to Get Out of the South • Jim Crow laws • Lynching and KKK • Flood • Boll Weevil infestation
  • 5. Pull Factors: Why to Head North • Jobs • NAACP • Leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington inspire people
  • 7. The Harlem section of New York City was transformed from a deteriorating area into a thriving middle class community Before After
  • 8. Rise of the Black Middle Class
  • 9. Rise of the Black Elite
  • 10. Flowering of Black Culture • Harlem Renaissance: A period of time during the 1920’s and early 1930’s when a group of talented African- American writers, thinkers and artists made a sizable contribution to American culture
  • 11. Music: Jazz • Began with African-American musicians in New Orleans and transported North during Great Migration • Blended blues and ragtime with improvisation and syncopated rhythms to produce totally new sound • Has been called the single greatest contribution Americans have made to world culture • Jazz influenced all American popular music that came after it
  • 12. THE JAZZ AGE • The era from right after WWI until the stock market crash in 1929, during which jazz increased in popularity. It was a reaction to the hardship of the war and was characterized by prosperity, extravagance and self-indulgent behavior
  • 13. Louis Armstrong Greatest trumpet player of the Jazz Age Reinvented the range of sounds a trumpet makes
  • 14. Duke Ellington Master composer and bandleader who wrote over 1,000 jazz songs
  • 15. Great Jazz Singers Billie Holliday Bessie Smith Ella Fitzgerald
  • 16. Cotton Club Apollo Theater Many Jazz artists got their start at the Apollo Theater or the Cotton Club in Harlem
  • 17. Literature • At the same time, African- American authors were giving their own voice to the experience of being black in America • Plays depicting African- Americans with complex emotions are put on stage (challenged minstrel images)
  • 18. LANGSTON HUGHES • Poet, playwright and novelist • His first collection of poems: I, Too, Sing America (1925)
  • 19. HARLEM What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore— And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? --Langston Hughes
  • 20. ZORA NEALE HURSTON • Novelist, short story writer, folklorist and anthropologist • Novel: Their Eyes Were Watching God • Major influence on Ralph Ellison, Toni Morrison and Alice Walker
  • 21. INTELLECTUALS: MARCUS GARVEY • Became convinced uniting blacks only way to improve their condition • Founded the United Negro Improvement Association in 1914 to unite blacks • Back-to-Africa movement • Goal to form their own country • Black Star Line: fleet of ships used by the UNIA