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hamstring muscles popliteal fossa 1.ppt
- 1. The Hamstring Muscles Synonyms Synonyms Flexorcompartment Posterior compartment of thigh
- 2. General features… Separated frommedial (adductor) compartment by poorly defined posterior intermuscular septum as adductor magnus shares both compartments Anterior compartment Anterior compartment F Medial compartment Medial compartment Posterior compartment Posterior compartment Medial intermuscular Medial intermuscular septum septum Posterior intermuscular Posterior intermuscular septum septum Lateral intermuscular Lateral intermuscular septum septum
- 3. General features… Contains ffg.muscles: • Semitendinosis Semitendinosis • Semimembranosus Semimembranosus • Long head of biceps femoris Long head of biceps femoris • Ischial head of adductor magnus Ischial head of adductor magnus
- 4. Muscles of Posteriorcompartment… Characteristic features: • Origin from ischial tuberosity Origin from ischial tuberosity • Insertion into one of the bones of leg Insertion into one of the bones of leg • Nerve supply : Nerve supply : Tibial part of sciatic nerve Tibial part of sciatic nerve • Blood supply : Blood supply : Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery • Action : Action : Flexor of knee; Extensor of hip Flexor of knee; Extensor of hip
- 5. Muscles of Posteriorcompartment… Semitendinosis Lies posteromedially in thigh superficial to semimembranosus Origin • Inferomedial impression on upper part Inferomedial impression on upper part of ischial tuberosity – common with of ischial tuberosity – common with long head of biceps long head of biceps Insertion •Upper part of medial surface of tibia Upper part of medial surface of tibia behind satrorius & gracilis behind satrorius & gracilis Nerve Supply •Tibial part – sciatic nerve Tibial part – sciatic nerve
- 6. Flat tendon; liesposteromedially deep to semitendinosis Origin • Superolateral impression on upper part Superolateral impression on upper part of ischial tuberosity of ischial tuberosity Insertion •Into groove on posterior surface of Into groove on posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia medial condyle of tibia •Expansions form oblique popliteal Expansions form oblique popliteal ligament & fascia covering popliteus ligament & fascia covering popliteus Nerve Supply •Tibial part – sciatic nerve Tibial part – sciatic nerve Muscles of Posterior compartment… Semimembranosus
- 7. Muscles of Posteriorcompartment… Biceps Femoris Has 2 heads of origin; lies posterolaterally Origin Long Head • Inferomedial impression on upper part of ischial Inferomedial impression on upper part of ischial tuberosity – common with semtendinosis tuberosity – common with semtendinosis • Lower part of sacrotuberous ligament Lower part of sacrotuberous ligament Short Head • Lateral lip of linea aspera between adductor magnus & Lateral lip of linea aspera between adductor magnus & vastus lateralis vastus lateralis • Upper Upper 2 2 / /3 3 of lateral supracondylar line of lateral supracondylar line • Lateral intermuscular septum Lateral intermuscular septum Insertion • Head of fibula in front of its apex (styloid process) Head of fibula in front of its apex (styloid process) • Tendon is split by fibular collateral ligament Tendon is split by fibular collateral ligament Nerve Supply • Long head – Tibial part of sciatic nerve Tibial part of sciatic nerve • Short head – Common peroneal part of sciatic nerve Common peroneal part of sciatic nerve
- 8. Muscles of Posteriorcompartment…
- 9. Muscles of Posteriorcompartment… Actions • All 3 – chief flexors of knee All 3 – chief flexors of knee • Weak extensors of hip Weak extensors of hip • Semiflexed knee– BF lateral rotator of leg; ST, SM medial rotators of leg Semiflexed knee– BF lateral rotator of leg; ST, SM medial rotators of leg • Extended hip - BF Lateral rotator; SM, ST medial rotators Extended hip - BF Lateral rotator; SM, ST medial rotators
- 10. The Popliteal Fossa ThePopliteal Fossa
- 11. Popliteal Fossa… Definition Isa diamond-shaped space at back of knee Is a diamond-shaped space at back of knee Lies behind lower Lies behind lower 1 1 / /3 3 of femur, knee joint, upper part of tibia of femur, knee joint, upper part of tibia
- 12. Popliteal Fossa… Boundaries Superolaterally Superolaterally BicepsFemoris Superomedially Superomedially Semitendinosis Semimembranosus Gracilis Sartorius Adductor Magnus Inferolaterally Inferolaterally Lateral head of gastrocnemius Plantaris Inferomedially Inferomedially Medial head of gastrocnemius
- 13. Popliteal Fossa… Roof •Deep fascia (popliteal Deep fascia (popliteal fascia) fascia) • Superficial fascia Superficial fascia containing : containing : Fat Fat Small (short) saphenous v. Posterior cut n. of thigh Posterior cut n. of thigh Medial cut. n. of thigh Medial cut. n. of thigh Peroneal (sural) communicating n.
- 14. Popliteal Fossa… Floor Fromabove downwards: From above downwards: 1. Popliteal surface of femur 2. Capsule of knee joint with oblique popliteal lig. 3. Popliteal fascia covering popliteus muscle
- 15. Popliteal Fossa… Contents •Popliteal a. & branches • Popliteal v. & tributaries • Tibial n. & branches • Common peroneal n. & branches • Post. cut n. thigh Post. cut n. thigh • Genicular br. Obturator n. Genicular br. Obturator n. • Fat Fat
- 16. Popliteal Fossa… Contents •Popliteal lymph nodes Popliteal lymph nodes
- 17. Popliteal Fossa… Relations Upperpart : M-L Upper part : M-L Middle part : behind forwards Middle part : behind forwards Lower part : M-L Lower part : M-L A V N N V A