Hamas, or Harakat al-Muquwamah al-Islamiyah, is a Palestinian Islamist organization founded in 1987 during the first intifada against Israeli occupation, emerging from Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood. It operates with two main wings: a social service wing focused on charitable activities and a military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, responsible for armed attacks against Israel. While designated as a terrorist organization by several nations, Hamas also engages in political activities, relying heavily on foreign funding for its operations.

1. HAMAS: A Sunni Muslim Social Group
Submitted By
Umme Ayrin Nessa
Ms. ,Roll: FM-540
Department of Geography And Environment
University of Dhaka
Submitted to
Dr. Hafiza Khatun
Professor
Department of Geography And Environment
University of Dhaka

2. Introduction
Hamas is an acronym of Harakat al-Muquwamah al Islamiyah ( Islamic
Resistance Movement). It was established in 1987 after the beginning of
first intifada or Palestine uprising against Israel’s occupation of the west
Bank and Gaza Strip. It was founded by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin ,Abdel
Aziz Al Rantissi, Mahmoud Zahar and 4 others.
Hamas is as a whole or in some cases a designated terrorist group by
Israel, the US,EU And UK as Well as other Powers.

3. Area Controlled by Hamas

4. Emergence of Hamas
The History of Hamas in an account Palestine Islamist Fundamentalist
socio-political organization with an associated paramilitary force the izz
ad-din-al Qassam Brigades. Hamas was established in 1987 and has it’s
origin in Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Movement , which had been
activated in the Gaza strip since 1950s and gained influence through
network of mosques and various charitable and social organization.
In 1980 the Brotherhood emerged as a powerful factor and challenged the
influence of PLO and in 1987 adopted a more nationalist and activist
under the name of Hamas.

5. Aims of Hamas
Hamas as its name (Islamic Resistance Movement) implies , aims to
liberate Palestine from Israeli occupation by resisting, and according to
Hamas armed wings,
“To continue the effort of liberating Palestine and restoring the rights
of Palestinian people under the sacred Islamic teachings of the Holy
Quran, the Sunnah and of Prophet Muhammad (SM) and the traditions
of Muslim Scholars and rulers noted for their piety and dedication.”

6. Activities of Hamas
This Terrorist group named Hamas divided into two wings
-one is called dawah or social service wing and
-the other is Izz-ad-din-al-Qassam Brigades or Military wing
Social Service Wing
 Hamas Developed in social welfare programme by replicating
the model established by Egypt’s Islamic Brotherhood.
 For them , charity and the development for one’s community
are prescribed by religion and at same time are to be
understood as forms of resistance.
 From this wing, charitable donations from the donor provided
to give services like nurseries , schools , orphanages ,soup’s
kitchen ,women activities, library etc. In 1990s, some 85% of
its budget was allocated to the provision of social service.

7. Military Wing
 The Military wing of hamas launched attack against Israeli civilians
 Tactics have include suicide bombing and rocket attacks . These rockets
range is high and can reached the major cities o Israel Tel Aviv and Haifa.

8. Finances and Funding of Hamas
Hamas's budget, calculated to be roughly US$70 million (2011), is derived in large
part (85%) from foreign, rather than internal Palestinian, sources. Only two Israeli-
Palestinian sources figure in a list seized in, while the other contributors were donor
bodies located in Jordan, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Britain, Germany, the United
States, United Arab Emirates, Italy and France.
Much of the money raised comes from sources that direct their assistance to
what Hamas describes as its charitable work for Palestinians, but investments in
support of its ideological position are also relevant, with Persian Gulf States and
Saudi Arabia prominent in the latter.

9. Matthew Levitt states that Hamas also taps money from corporations,
criminal organizations and financial networks that support terror and is
believed to engage in cigarette and drug smuggling, multimedia copyright
infringement and credit card fraud.
Vittori states that, more than other similar organizations, it is particularly
careful about keeping resources for its militant, political and public works
activities seperate.
The United States, Israel and the EU have shut down many charities and
organs that channel money to Hamas, such as the Holy Land Foundation for
Relief.Between 1992 and 2001 this group is said to have provided $6.8
million to Palestinian charities of the $57 million collected. By 2001 it was
alleged to have given Hamas $13 million, and was shut down shortly
afterwards.

10. Conclusion
Hamas has used both political activities and violence in persuit of its
goals. From 2000 to 2004 , Hamas was responsible for killing nearly
400 Israelis and wounding 2000 in 45 attacks.
And from a report from Arab news it was noticed the Palestinian
Young people under 15 age going through military training and
carrying and firing arms.
But Hamas Claims that having contact with Arab countries
establishes positive relations which will encourage Arab countries to
do their duty toward Palestinian People and support their cause by
influencing public opinion in the Arab World.

11. References
 Matthew Levit,Hamas,Politics,Charity and Terrorism in the
service of Jihad,Yale University Press,2007
 www.bbc.com
 www.Newyorktimes.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 Tristan Dunning,Hamas,Jihad and Popular
Legitimacy,Reinterpreting resistance in Palestine

12. THANK YOU