Wudu involves washing parts of the body as a ritual purification in Islam before prayer. Ihram refers to the special clothing worn during Hajj and Umrah, which is simple and avoids attracting attention. Tawaf is circling the Kaaba seven times counter-clockwise as part of the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages, representing unity in worship. Sa'y involves walking between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times to search for water, reenacting Hagar's search.