This study analyzes the long-term solvency position of selected private sector banks in India over a 10-year period from 2002-2003 to 2011-2012. It examines various long-term solvency ratios of Axis Bank, ICICI Bank, Karur Vysya Bank, and South Indian Bank to assess their ability to repay long-term debts and obligations. The study finds that while the banks differ in their average ratio values over the period, statistical analysis shows there are no significant differences between the banks for ratios like interest income to total funds, interest expended to total funds, loan turnover, and total asset turnover.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
The document provides an overview of initial public offerings (IPOs) in India. It discusses the key stages of an IPO process, including the role of intermediaries in verifying company documents and managing the public issue. It also outlines the objectives, scope, limitations and research methodology for analyzing IPO behavior and performance. The roles of the regulatory bodies like SEBI and stock exchanges like NSE and BSE in facilitating IPOs are summarized.
This document analyzes the relative efficiency of 80 banks in India from 2008 to 2010 using data envelopment analysis (DEA). It finds that:
1) Foreign banks have the highest average efficiency score of 0.96, followed by private banks (0.77), and public sector banks (0.74).
2) When analyzed separately by sector, public sector banks have the highest average efficiency (0.96), followed by private banks (0.94), and foreign banks (0.90).
3) Higher costs of deposits and lower returns on investments and loans contribute most to public and private bank inefficiencies relative to foreign banks. Reducing non-performing assets could improve public bank efficiency over
Analysis of Financial Health of the New Private Sector Banks in India throug...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This research aims to identify and analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operation Expense (BOPO), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Non Performing Loan (NPL) of the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) of conventional bank on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2012 – 2017, either simultaneously or partially. Independent variables used in this study is CAR, BOPO, NIM and NPL, while LDR as the dependent variable.The population in this research is conventional bank listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The number of samples in accordance with the prescribed criteria are as many as 35 samples. Based on the result of the research found that the variable CAR influences negatively insignificantly toward LDR, BOPO and NIM influences positively insignificantly toward LDR, while the variable NPL influences positively significantly toward CAR. But simultaneously CAR, BOPO, NIM, and NPL jointly affect the LDR.
Financial Statement Analysis of ICICI Bank Ltd.Bishnu Panda
The document is a presentation on the financial statement analysis of ICICI Bank Ltd submitted by Amit Kumar and Bishnu Panda to Dr. Manaswee Kumar samal. It provides an overview of ICICI Bank as the second largest bank in India by assets and analyzes its financial performance for fiscal years 2011 and 2010 through various ratios to evaluate profitability, solvency, capital adequacy, and market valuation. Key metrics like net profit, total assets, revenue, number of employees, and movement of share prices are highlighted for ICICI Bank. Different techniques of financial statement analysis including horizontal analysis, trend analysis, and ratio analysis are also described.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document provides an overview of public sector undertakings (PSUs) in India. It discusses that PSUs are government-owned companies that play an important role in India's economy. The document then covers several key topics regarding PSUs, including the financial management challenges they face, the role of financial advisors, examples of major PSUs, and reforms around disinvestment and increasing transparency. It analyzes issues like managing risks and growth in the changing banking environment in India. Overall, the document presents an introduction to PSUs and examines their operations, importance, and ongoing development.
The document provides an overview of initial public offerings (IPOs) in India. It discusses the key stages of an IPO process, including the role of intermediaries in verifying company documents and managing the public issue. It also outlines the objectives, scope, limitations and research methodology for analyzing IPO behavior and performance. The roles of the regulatory bodies like SEBI and stock exchanges like NSE and BSE in facilitating IPOs are summarized.
This document analyzes the relative efficiency of 80 banks in India from 2008 to 2010 using data envelopment analysis (DEA). It finds that:
1) Foreign banks have the highest average efficiency score of 0.96, followed by private banks (0.77), and public sector banks (0.74).
2) When analyzed separately by sector, public sector banks have the highest average efficiency (0.96), followed by private banks (0.94), and foreign banks (0.90).
3) Higher costs of deposits and lower returns on investments and loans contribute most to public and private bank inefficiencies relative to foreign banks. Reducing non-performing assets could improve public bank efficiency over
Analysis of Financial Health of the New Private Sector Banks in India throug...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This research aims to identify and analyze the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operation Expense (BOPO), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Non Performing Loan (NPL) of the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) of conventional bank on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2012 – 2017, either simultaneously or partially. Independent variables used in this study is CAR, BOPO, NIM and NPL, while LDR as the dependent variable.The population in this research is conventional bank listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The number of samples in accordance with the prescribed criteria are as many as 35 samples. Based on the result of the research found that the variable CAR influences negatively insignificantly toward LDR, BOPO and NIM influences positively insignificantly toward LDR, while the variable NPL influences positively significantly toward CAR. But simultaneously CAR, BOPO, NIM, and NPL jointly affect the LDR.
Financial Statement Analysis of ICICI Bank Ltd.Bishnu Panda
The document is a presentation on the financial statement analysis of ICICI Bank Ltd submitted by Amit Kumar and Bishnu Panda to Dr. Manaswee Kumar samal. It provides an overview of ICICI Bank as the second largest bank in India by assets and analyzes its financial performance for fiscal years 2011 and 2010 through various ratios to evaluate profitability, solvency, capital adequacy, and market valuation. Key metrics like net profit, total assets, revenue, number of employees, and movement of share prices are highlighted for ICICI Bank. Different techniques of financial statement analysis including horizontal analysis, trend analysis, and ratio analysis are also described.
052 om c-dhanapal&gganesan-measuring_operational_efficiency_of (1) (1)Anil Aks
This document summarizes a study that measures the operational efficiency of public sector banks in India. It analyzes factors that influence banks' profitability using regression analysis. The study finds that non-performing assets, total income, total expenses, and net interest margin are significant factors. It also uses data envelopment analysis to benchmark the relative efficiency of 21 public sector banks over 5 years. The results show that return on assets, net interest margin, non-performing loans, cost-to-income ratio, advances to deposits ratio, and capital adequacy ratio influence banks' profitability.
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
This document provides a literature review on 9 previous research papers related to the relationship between liquidity management and profitability in banks. The papers examined liquidity ratios like CDR, CRDR and IDR and profitability ratios like ROA, ROE and ROI in various public sector, private sector and cooperative banks in India over different time periods. Most of the studies found an inverse or negative relationship between liquidity and profitability, indicating that increased liquidity leads to decreased profits and vice versa. The papers also compared performance between public and private sector banks, with most finding that private banks had better efficiency and profitability.
This document analyzes the financial performance of Sakthi Finance Limited over a 5-year period from 2004-2009 using ratio analysis and other financial tools. Key findings include that the company demonstrated good liquidity and solvency as measured by current, quick, and equity ratios. Net profit and return on investment increased over the period. Suggestions are made to reduce expenses further and introduce new deposit schemes to improve performance. In conclusion, while Sakthi Finance showed good overall financial results, some ratios like the current ratio declined over time, so ongoing monitoring is needed.
Comparison of Ratio analysis of banks of NEPAL....R K Tiwari Sagar
The document compares various financial ratios of Nabil Bank Limited for the years 2011/12 and 2012/13 (intra-bank comparison) and also compares the ratios of Nabil Bank Limited and Bank of Kathmandu for the year 2012/13 (inter-bank comparison).
Some of the key ratios that showed positive trends for Nabil Bank Limited from 2011/12 to 2012/13 include return on assets (increased from 2.69 to 3.03%), return on equity (increased from 30.25 to 32.78%), earnings per share (increased from Rs. 83.23 to Rs. 95.14) and net profit/gross income (increased from 23.74% to 32.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
This document analyzes the financial performance of commercial banks in India using the CAMEL model of analysis from 2001-2005. It focuses on two major banks, Punjab National Bank and Jammu & Kashmir Bank. The CAMEL model assesses banks based on Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management capability, Earnings, and Liquidity. For both banks, ratios are provided and discussed for each CAMEL category based on data from their annual reports. Overall, the analysis finds that both banks maintained sound capital adequacy and satisfactory performance in other CAMEL areas during the period studied.
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
Here are the key ways that banks can achieve liquidity:
1. Holding cash reserves - Banks are required to hold a certain percentage of deposits in the form of cash reserves that can be used immediately to meet liquidity needs. However, excess cash reserves reduce potential earnings.
2. Investing in government securities - Banks invest in short-term government bonds and treasury bills that can be easily sold in the market to generate cash. However, the returns may be lower than other investments.
3. Borrowing from other banks - Banks can borrow from other banks in the interbank market through instruments like federal funds, commercial papers etc. This provides quick access to funds but interest rates may be higher during liquidity cri
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
This document provides background information and a literature review for a study on the relationship between liquidity and profitability in select public and private sector banks in India. It begins with an introduction to the topic, outlining the trade-off between liquidity and profitability for banks. It then reviews 10 previous research papers on similar topics, analyzing factors like liquidity ratios, efficiency, and performance comparisons between public and private sector banks. The reviewed papers examine issues like the effect of liquidity on profitability, comparing liquidity positions between bank types, and evaluating banks' financial health using the CAMEL model.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA:...kishoremeghani
Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. The objective of this study is to analyze the Financial Position and Performance of the Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank in India based on their financial characteristics. This study attempts to measure the relative performance of Indian banks. For this study, we have used public sector banks. We know that in the service sector, it is difficult to quantify the output because it is intangible. We have chosen the CAMEL model and t-test which measures the performance of bank from each of the important parameter like capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earning quality, liquidity and Sensitivity.
The document analyzes various financial ratios of HDFC Bank over a 5-year period from 2012 to 2016 to evaluate the bank's profitability, liquidity, operational efficiency, and financial health. The ratios analyzed include current ratio, quick ratio, interest spread, net profit margin, return on equity, credit deposit ratio, loan-to-deposit ratio, earnings per share, and total debt to owners' fund. The analysis found that while some ratios like quick ratio and EPS increased steadily, others like interest spread, net profit margin, and return on equity witnessed fluctuations, indicating changes in the bank's profitability and decisions over time.
The Effect of Accounting Information on Abnormal Return of Stock: Assessment ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The study aims to investigate the impacts of accounting information on the stock prices of syariah and conventional stocks using Capital Asset Pricing Model, and examine the capital market reaction as a result of dividend announcement. The accounting information variable used is Avarage Abnormal Return (AAR) as a dependent variable, while Earning per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) are independent variables. The population of the study are all stocks of companies registered in the Indoneisian Stock Exchange in 2014 and 2015 and had undertaken dividend announcement. The study sample is the return measured by 111 days of abnormal return consisting of 11 days of observation period of Window and 100 days of observation period of estimation. The number of samples fulfilling the sampling criteria are 106 different companies which announcement cash dividend comprising 70 syariah companies and 36 conventional companies. The objects have represented all industrial sector listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The study indicates 8 types of stock portfolios, in all stock portfolios it is observable that the value of AAR variable increases after the dividend announcement.
A Study on Relationship between Firm Size and Profitability: Selected Private...ijtsrd
The study is to identify the relationship between firm size and profitability of selected private sector banks in India. This study is classified as quantitative research followed with a descriptive research design. The Reserve Bank of India's publication of annual trend and progress of banking in India in June 2018, indicates that the total number of private sector banks in India is 21. The study selected the first five banks based on the hierarchy of the value of its total assets. The study is based on secondary data and it has been collected from the annual reports of the respective banks. The period of study is five years from 2015 to 2019. Firm size such as bank size is measured through the natural log of the book value of deposits, assets, and advances independent variables and the profitability is measured through the natural log of the book value of the net profit of the bank dependent variable . The data analysis includes descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, and linear regression. On the basis of the analysis, the study found that there is a significant relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable. Further, there is a positive correlation and statistically significant between these variables. Dr. Dhanuskodi Rengasamy "A Study on Relationship between Firm Size and Profitability: Selected Private Sector Banks in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29621.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/accounting/29621/a-study-on-relationship-between-firm-size-and-profitability-selected-private-sector-banks-in-india/dr-dhanuskodi-rengasamy
Effect of Portfolio Diversification on Commercial Banks Financial Performance...inventionjournals
The study examined the effect of portfolio diversification on Commercial Banks financial performance. Mixed method of research design was used and data was collected using questionnaires and interview schedules. Target population was 43 licensed Commercial Banks in Kenya from which one hundred and thirty three (133) managers were randomly selected to form sample size. Validity of the research instruments was ensured through content, face and construct validity testing. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics which included correlation analysis and bivariate regression analysis. The study established a positive statistically significant relationship between portfolio diversification and financial performance. The portfolio diversification explained 68% of the changes in the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya and that most banks diversify their investments which has enabled them to increase profits and performance in the past years.The study recommended that financial institutions should invest in a combination of assets which are negatively correlated because this maximizes revenue (returns) and minimizes losses (risks). Further study should be undertaken to establish the best combination of assets that can yield an efficient portfolio.
This document analyzes the operation mode of Capitaland's Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in Singapore and discusses implications for China's real estate industry. It finds that Capitaland uses a "dual-fund" model where private equity funds incubate early-stage projects that are later injected into REITs for stable income and asset realization. Key characteristics include covering the entire industry chain from development to asset management, and pairing private funds and REITs to accelerate investment cycles. When applying this model in China, adjustments should be made for differences in economic/cultural environment, and rental housing REITs could serve as pilots given China's current conditions.
CAMEL ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PSB IN INDIAPradeep Kumar
State Bank of India performed the best overall among the top five public sector banks in India based on a CAMEL analysis from 2010-2014. The analysis examined capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earnings, and liquidity. State Bank of India ranked first in capital adequacy and management efficiency. Canara Bank ranked top in earnings and liquidity, while State Bank of India and Canara Bank ranked highest in asset quality. There were no statistically significant differences found between the financial performances of the banks.
A study on the Insolvency Risk of Commercial Banks in IndiaVarsha Kumar, MBA
This document presents a literature review on insolvency risk of commercial banks in India. It summarizes 12 research papers on topics related to measuring and analyzing insolvency risk of various types of Indian banks from 2000-2015. The review finds that non-performing assets, size, capitalization, and deregulation can impact banks' insolvency risk. It also examines how reforms and Basel II norms have helped reduce risk for banks. The document aims to measure insolvency risk for public, private, rural and foreign banks in India from 2006-2015.
This document analyzes the performance of Chinese listed companies before and after seasoned equity offerings. It examines four companies that conducted large private placements in 2012. Two companies, Guangdong Electric Power Development and Shanghai Tunnel Engineering, showed improved performance after the offering, indicating the funds were used efficiently. However, Henan Shuanghui Investment & Development and Hainan Airlines saw declining performance, likely due to inefficient use of funds and unhealthy financial structures. The analysis suggests that not all equity offerings benefit companies and investors, and listed firms should ensure capital is utilized effectively.
1. The document discusses modern banking strategies for managing risk and selecting profitable investment portfolios. It addresses questions about optimal portfolio structure in variable interest rate environments, appropriate banking products, and successful risk management.
2. Banks can calculate expected returns on asset groups to inform investment decisions, though some may prefer lower risk assets even with similar expected returns. Duration matching of assets and liabilities can help mitigate interest rate risk.
3. Banks employ tools like gap analysis, repricing schedules, and derivatives to manage their exposure to interest rate movements and ensure accurate understanding of risks from their asset-liability mix. Portfolio structure and risk management techniques are crucial for banks' financial stability and performance.
A Comparison of Key Determinants on Profitability of India’s Largest Public a...Rajveer Rawlin
The banking sector in India has come under the scanner following some key changes in monetary policy. With
the Reserve bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates to support the falling Indian currency the Rupee, the cost of
funds of banks has increased significantly. This could manifest itself in rising non-performing assets (NPAs) and
declining profitability. The profitability of banks is impacted by both internal and external factors. This paper is
an attempt to compare the key drivers of profits at India’s largest public and private sector banks. Bank specific
metrics and risk factors were important drivers of profits at both banks. Productivity measures were key drivers
of profits at India’s largest public sector bank SBI but had no effect on profits at India’s largest private sector
bank, HDFC bank. Asset usage efficiency measures were key determinants of profitability at HDFC bank but not
at SBI. The single most important determinant of SBI proved to be business per employee, a productivity
measure while advances and bank size which are traditional bank metrics were key drivers of profits at HDFC
bank. Managers at both banks and their share holders thus can look at these drivers to develop a broad
understanding of profitability at the two banks.
This document is a thesis proposal on portfolio management of listed commercial banks in Nepal submitted by Asha Jaiswal. The proposal provides background on portfolio management and investment. It states that the focus is on analyzing risk and return of portfolios of listed commercial banks in Nepal like Nepal SBI Bank, NABIL Bank, and NIC Bank from 2006 to 2010. The proposal outlines the problem statement, objectives, significance, and limitations of the study. It also provides a literature review on topics related to portfolio management, investment, risk, and return. The proposed research methodology includes collecting primary data through interviews and questionnaires and secondary data from sources like books and previous research to analyze risk and return using financial and statistical tools.
The document provides trends and predictions for the wearables industry in 2015. Key points include:
1) Watches, armbands, glasses and other form factors will rapidly progress as companies search for dominant designs. Apple, Google, Microsoft and Samsung will battle for platform dominance.
2) Health monitoring will be a major focus, with continuous heart monitoring a big area of growth. Apple's health kit could become an important lock-in asset.
3) Payment functionality on wearables will take off, with the wrist becoming the new digital wallet. Banks and payment companies will aggressively enter the space.
4) Innovation at the fringes will see new concepts in materials, locations of devices and personal area
A presentation held by mr Ulf Dahlsten, Research Associate at the London School of Economics and Senior Advisor at Global Climate Forum in Berlin, at the seminar "Financial reform for a sustainable economy" on the 28th of January. The seminar was organized by the think tank Global Utmaning (Global Challenge).
052 om c-dhanapal&gganesan-measuring_operational_efficiency_of (1) (1)Anil Aks
This document summarizes a study that measures the operational efficiency of public sector banks in India. It analyzes factors that influence banks' profitability using regression analysis. The study finds that non-performing assets, total income, total expenses, and net interest margin are significant factors. It also uses data envelopment analysis to benchmark the relative efficiency of 21 public sector banks over 5 years. The results show that return on assets, net interest margin, non-performing loans, cost-to-income ratio, advances to deposits ratio, and capital adequacy ratio influence banks' profitability.
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
This document provides a literature review on 9 previous research papers related to the relationship between liquidity management and profitability in banks. The papers examined liquidity ratios like CDR, CRDR and IDR and profitability ratios like ROA, ROE and ROI in various public sector, private sector and cooperative banks in India over different time periods. Most of the studies found an inverse or negative relationship between liquidity and profitability, indicating that increased liquidity leads to decreased profits and vice versa. The papers also compared performance between public and private sector banks, with most finding that private banks had better efficiency and profitability.
This document analyzes the financial performance of Sakthi Finance Limited over a 5-year period from 2004-2009 using ratio analysis and other financial tools. Key findings include that the company demonstrated good liquidity and solvency as measured by current, quick, and equity ratios. Net profit and return on investment increased over the period. Suggestions are made to reduce expenses further and introduce new deposit schemes to improve performance. In conclusion, while Sakthi Finance showed good overall financial results, some ratios like the current ratio declined over time, so ongoing monitoring is needed.
Comparison of Ratio analysis of banks of NEPAL....R K Tiwari Sagar
The document compares various financial ratios of Nabil Bank Limited for the years 2011/12 and 2012/13 (intra-bank comparison) and also compares the ratios of Nabil Bank Limited and Bank of Kathmandu for the year 2012/13 (inter-bank comparison).
Some of the key ratios that showed positive trends for Nabil Bank Limited from 2011/12 to 2012/13 include return on assets (increased from 2.69 to 3.03%), return on equity (increased from 30.25 to 32.78%), earnings per share (increased from Rs. 83.23 to Rs. 95.14) and net profit/gross income (increased from 23.74% to 32.
1) The document discusses investment rating for replanting palm oil plantation companies in Sumatra, Indonesia. It provides background on palm oil production in Indonesia and issues with aging palm oil plants.
2) It aims to determine if replanting palm oil plantations in Sumatra qualify as "investment grade" according to Moody's ratings and how to improve the rating.
3) After analysis using Moody's rating system, the results found that replanting plantations in Sumatra received a rating of "Ba3" with "medium risk," qualifying as investment grade but improvements could attract more investors by lowering the risk.
This document analyzes the financial performance of commercial banks in India using the CAMEL model of analysis from 2001-2005. It focuses on two major banks, Punjab National Bank and Jammu & Kashmir Bank. The CAMEL model assesses banks based on Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management capability, Earnings, and Liquidity. For both banks, ratios are provided and discussed for each CAMEL category based on data from their annual reports. Overall, the analysis finds that both banks maintained sound capital adequacy and satisfactory performance in other CAMEL areas during the period studied.
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
Here are the key ways that banks can achieve liquidity:
1. Holding cash reserves - Banks are required to hold a certain percentage of deposits in the form of cash reserves that can be used immediately to meet liquidity needs. However, excess cash reserves reduce potential earnings.
2. Investing in government securities - Banks invest in short-term government bonds and treasury bills that can be easily sold in the market to generate cash. However, the returns may be lower than other investments.
3. Borrowing from other banks - Banks can borrow from other banks in the interbank market through instruments like federal funds, commercial papers etc. This provides quick access to funds but interest rates may be higher during liquidity cri
A study on effect of liquidity management on profitability with select privat...Supriya Mondal
This document provides background information and a literature review for a study on the relationship between liquidity and profitability in select public and private sector banks in India. It begins with an introduction to the topic, outlining the trade-off between liquidity and profitability for banks. It then reviews 10 previous research papers on similar topics, analyzing factors like liquidity ratios, efficiency, and performance comparisons between public and private sector banks. The reviewed papers examine issues like the effect of liquidity on profitability, comparing liquidity positions between bank types, and evaluating banks' financial health using the CAMEL model.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA:...kishoremeghani
Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. The objective of this study is to analyze the Financial Position and Performance of the Bank of Baroda and Punjab National Bank in India based on their financial characteristics. This study attempts to measure the relative performance of Indian banks. For this study, we have used public sector banks. We know that in the service sector, it is difficult to quantify the output because it is intangible. We have chosen the CAMEL model and t-test which measures the performance of bank from each of the important parameter like capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earning quality, liquidity and Sensitivity.
The document analyzes various financial ratios of HDFC Bank over a 5-year period from 2012 to 2016 to evaluate the bank's profitability, liquidity, operational efficiency, and financial health. The ratios analyzed include current ratio, quick ratio, interest spread, net profit margin, return on equity, credit deposit ratio, loan-to-deposit ratio, earnings per share, and total debt to owners' fund. The analysis found that while some ratios like quick ratio and EPS increased steadily, others like interest spread, net profit margin, and return on equity witnessed fluctuations, indicating changes in the bank's profitability and decisions over time.
The Effect of Accounting Information on Abnormal Return of Stock: Assessment ...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : The study aims to investigate the impacts of accounting information on the stock prices of syariah and conventional stocks using Capital Asset Pricing Model, and examine the capital market reaction as a result of dividend announcement. The accounting information variable used is Avarage Abnormal Return (AAR) as a dependent variable, while Earning per Share (EPS), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) are independent variables. The population of the study are all stocks of companies registered in the Indoneisian Stock Exchange in 2014 and 2015 and had undertaken dividend announcement. The study sample is the return measured by 111 days of abnormal return consisting of 11 days of observation period of Window and 100 days of observation period of estimation. The number of samples fulfilling the sampling criteria are 106 different companies which announcement cash dividend comprising 70 syariah companies and 36 conventional companies. The objects have represented all industrial sector listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The study indicates 8 types of stock portfolios, in all stock portfolios it is observable that the value of AAR variable increases after the dividend announcement.
A Study on Relationship between Firm Size and Profitability: Selected Private...ijtsrd
The study is to identify the relationship between firm size and profitability of selected private sector banks in India. This study is classified as quantitative research followed with a descriptive research design. The Reserve Bank of India's publication of annual trend and progress of banking in India in June 2018, indicates that the total number of private sector banks in India is 21. The study selected the first five banks based on the hierarchy of the value of its total assets. The study is based on secondary data and it has been collected from the annual reports of the respective banks. The period of study is five years from 2015 to 2019. Firm size such as bank size is measured through the natural log of the book value of deposits, assets, and advances independent variables and the profitability is measured through the natural log of the book value of the net profit of the bank dependent variable . The data analysis includes descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, and linear regression. On the basis of the analysis, the study found that there is a significant relationship between independent variables and the dependent variable. Further, there is a positive correlation and statistically significant between these variables. Dr. Dhanuskodi Rengasamy "A Study on Relationship between Firm Size and Profitability: Selected Private Sector Banks in India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29621.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/accounting/29621/a-study-on-relationship-between-firm-size-and-profitability-selected-private-sector-banks-in-india/dr-dhanuskodi-rengasamy
Effect of Portfolio Diversification on Commercial Banks Financial Performance...inventionjournals
The study examined the effect of portfolio diversification on Commercial Banks financial performance. Mixed method of research design was used and data was collected using questionnaires and interview schedules. Target population was 43 licensed Commercial Banks in Kenya from which one hundred and thirty three (133) managers were randomly selected to form sample size. Validity of the research instruments was ensured through content, face and construct validity testing. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics which included correlation analysis and bivariate regression analysis. The study established a positive statistically significant relationship between portfolio diversification and financial performance. The portfolio diversification explained 68% of the changes in the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya and that most banks diversify their investments which has enabled them to increase profits and performance in the past years.The study recommended that financial institutions should invest in a combination of assets which are negatively correlated because this maximizes revenue (returns) and minimizes losses (risks). Further study should be undertaken to establish the best combination of assets that can yield an efficient portfolio.
This document analyzes the operation mode of Capitaland's Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in Singapore and discusses implications for China's real estate industry. It finds that Capitaland uses a "dual-fund" model where private equity funds incubate early-stage projects that are later injected into REITs for stable income and asset realization. Key characteristics include covering the entire industry chain from development to asset management, and pairing private funds and REITs to accelerate investment cycles. When applying this model in China, adjustments should be made for differences in economic/cultural environment, and rental housing REITs could serve as pilots given China's current conditions.
CAMEL ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE PSB IN INDIAPradeep Kumar
State Bank of India performed the best overall among the top five public sector banks in India based on a CAMEL analysis from 2010-2014. The analysis examined capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earnings, and liquidity. State Bank of India ranked first in capital adequacy and management efficiency. Canara Bank ranked top in earnings and liquidity, while State Bank of India and Canara Bank ranked highest in asset quality. There were no statistically significant differences found between the financial performances of the banks.
A study on the Insolvency Risk of Commercial Banks in IndiaVarsha Kumar, MBA
This document presents a literature review on insolvency risk of commercial banks in India. It summarizes 12 research papers on topics related to measuring and analyzing insolvency risk of various types of Indian banks from 2000-2015. The review finds that non-performing assets, size, capitalization, and deregulation can impact banks' insolvency risk. It also examines how reforms and Basel II norms have helped reduce risk for banks. The document aims to measure insolvency risk for public, private, rural and foreign banks in India from 2006-2015.
This document analyzes the performance of Chinese listed companies before and after seasoned equity offerings. It examines four companies that conducted large private placements in 2012. Two companies, Guangdong Electric Power Development and Shanghai Tunnel Engineering, showed improved performance after the offering, indicating the funds were used efficiently. However, Henan Shuanghui Investment & Development and Hainan Airlines saw declining performance, likely due to inefficient use of funds and unhealthy financial structures. The analysis suggests that not all equity offerings benefit companies and investors, and listed firms should ensure capital is utilized effectively.
1. The document discusses modern banking strategies for managing risk and selecting profitable investment portfolios. It addresses questions about optimal portfolio structure in variable interest rate environments, appropriate banking products, and successful risk management.
2. Banks can calculate expected returns on asset groups to inform investment decisions, though some may prefer lower risk assets even with similar expected returns. Duration matching of assets and liabilities can help mitigate interest rate risk.
3. Banks employ tools like gap analysis, repricing schedules, and derivatives to manage their exposure to interest rate movements and ensure accurate understanding of risks from their asset-liability mix. Portfolio structure and risk management techniques are crucial for banks' financial stability and performance.
A Comparison of Key Determinants on Profitability of India’s Largest Public a...Rajveer Rawlin
The banking sector in India has come under the scanner following some key changes in monetary policy. With
the Reserve bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates to support the falling Indian currency the Rupee, the cost of
funds of banks has increased significantly. This could manifest itself in rising non-performing assets (NPAs) and
declining profitability. The profitability of banks is impacted by both internal and external factors. This paper is
an attempt to compare the key drivers of profits at India’s largest public and private sector banks. Bank specific
metrics and risk factors were important drivers of profits at both banks. Productivity measures were key drivers
of profits at India’s largest public sector bank SBI but had no effect on profits at India’s largest private sector
bank, HDFC bank. Asset usage efficiency measures were key determinants of profitability at HDFC bank but not
at SBI. The single most important determinant of SBI proved to be business per employee, a productivity
measure while advances and bank size which are traditional bank metrics were key drivers of profits at HDFC
bank. Managers at both banks and their share holders thus can look at these drivers to develop a broad
understanding of profitability at the two banks.
This document is a thesis proposal on portfolio management of listed commercial banks in Nepal submitted by Asha Jaiswal. The proposal provides background on portfolio management and investment. It states that the focus is on analyzing risk and return of portfolios of listed commercial banks in Nepal like Nepal SBI Bank, NABIL Bank, and NIC Bank from 2006 to 2010. The proposal outlines the problem statement, objectives, significance, and limitations of the study. It also provides a literature review on topics related to portfolio management, investment, risk, and return. The proposed research methodology includes collecting primary data through interviews and questionnaires and secondary data from sources like books and previous research to analyze risk and return using financial and statistical tools.
The document provides trends and predictions for the wearables industry in 2015. Key points include:
1) Watches, armbands, glasses and other form factors will rapidly progress as companies search for dominant designs. Apple, Google, Microsoft and Samsung will battle for platform dominance.
2) Health monitoring will be a major focus, with continuous heart monitoring a big area of growth. Apple's health kit could become an important lock-in asset.
3) Payment functionality on wearables will take off, with the wrist becoming the new digital wallet. Banks and payment companies will aggressively enter the space.
4) Innovation at the fringes will see new concepts in materials, locations of devices and personal area
A presentation held by mr Ulf Dahlsten, Research Associate at the London School of Economics and Senior Advisor at Global Climate Forum in Berlin, at the seminar "Financial reform for a sustainable economy" on the 28th of January. The seminar was organized by the think tank Global Utmaning (Global Challenge).
This document introduces Lesson 4 of an Android development course. It provides links to find all code and presentation slides on GitHub. This lesson will cover loading data from an API, caching models to disk to improve performance, and using web views.
Khalilullah from Uttar Pradesh, India presented information about himself. He speaks Hindi, English, and Urdu. He studied at a university in Pune and conducted a 50-day study on investment trends in stock market instruments for a company in Jabalpur. He participated in a national-level event called Aviskar 2011 where he received a certificate, medal, and trophy. His hobbies include travelling, watching cricket, and seeing movies. He has skills in basic computers, reading, listening, and concentration. He provided links to his university and hometown. He noted that he was in the top 5 students for his BBA graduation.
The document warns that the planet is in danger from climate change as the ice caps melt, sea levels rise, and the ozone layer disappears. It highlights how forests have been rapidly diminishing over the past few decades through a series of before and after photos showing deforestation between 1976 to 2005. It calls on people to take action now to stop irreversible deforestation and leave forests for future generations.
This document promotes a multi-level marketing opportunity with Solutions Inc./Technowise Solutions Inc. It encourages sharing the opportunity with friends who buy phone load regularly. It outlines how members can earn from their own load purchases as well as those of their downline members through a unilevel and binary compensation structure. Hypothetical earnings examples reaching over P1 million per month are provided based on assumptions of consistent growth and load purchases by all downline members.
This document discusses using Python for web development. It lists several companies and roles the author has worked in, including as CEO of 4Geeks and Mall4G, and CTO of HealthQuo. It then outlines some advantages of Python for web like MVC framework, ORM, robust APIs, a large community, building multiple apps, clean URLs, and an admin interface ready to use. It recommends installing Python and Django to get started, along with libraries for databases, and offers a demo.
El documento discute los efectos de los recortes presupuestarios en las políticas de I+D+i en España. La inversión en I+D ha caído un 40% entre 2009-2013, lo que amenaza la viabilidad del sector público de I+D. Además, la Fundación Europea para la Ciencia ha suspendido su apoyo a actividades científicas españolas debido a que España no ha pagado su cuota de 700,000 euros. El Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas espera pagar la deuda cuando reciba fondos del Minister
Slides for our 5 minute Botacon 0 presentation on Nickel for Scale.
Nickel for Scale is a Processing app that uses computer vision to measure the sizes of objects in an image, using a nickel to determine the scale. Measurements are then used to customize 3D objects for rapid prototyping machines, such as a MakerBot 3D printer.
Nickel for Scale was created in 48 hours by Marty McGuire and Amy Hurst at the first Baltimore Hackathon. Our hope is to demonstrate that with little effort is it possible to create usable customization apps with real-world uses.
This document discusses housing finance in India. It provides an introduction to housing loans and the Reserve Bank of India's role in facilitating credit to the housing sector. The objectives of the study are to understand Indian housing finance operations, products, and services offered by banks. It also aims to provide a comparative analysis of HDFC, LIC Housing Finance, and SBI Home Finance. Key details about loan types, eligibility, and growth in housing finance are covered for each organization.
The first document discusses Birla Sun Life Insurance's performance evaluation through a detailed study of its operations, market share, and financials. The second document examines risk management strategies for insurance companies, highlighting the importance of identifying, measuring, and controlling risks to minimize losses and maximize profits in the volatile insurance business sector.
BarCamp Costa Rica 2014 - El mercado de la bioinformática o software para cie...barcampcr
The document discusses the bioinformatics market. It states that the global bioinformatics market was estimated to be around $2.4 billion in 2011 and is projected to reach $7.6 billion by 2017, growing at an annual rate of 18.3%. The market includes categories like bioinformatics content, analysis software and services, and IT infrastructure. The report also analyzes the market for end uses like biopharma and diagnostics, genomics, agriculture, chemicals, and environmental applications. Contact information is provided for senior software development and quality assurance roles.
Corruption is defined as an act of bribery or using public power for private profits illegally or unethically. It takes many forms, including bribes, nepotism, misappropriation of funds, patronage, and favoritism. Corruption is caused and increased by factors such as a change in values, scarcity, ineffective administration, lack of accountability, and too much power given to officials without oversight. Whistleblower programs, computerization, privatization, stricter laws and punishments, and more transparency are some of the ways discussed to reduce corruption.
Patricia Navarro es una de las concursantes seleccionadas para el programa de televisión La Voz. Tiene 21 años, es de Leganés y estudia Magisterio Musical mientras trabaja en una orquesta. Se describe a sí misma como una chica sociable, alegre y dinámica, aunque reconoce que su trabajo en la orquesta le ha dado algunos malos hábitos para cantar. Disfruta de estilos como el pop, el rock y las baladas, e identifica como influencias a Whitney Houston y Malú.
The document discusses core concepts in financial management as part of Lesson 4 of Chapter 2, Unit 1 of Indian financial system. It covers foundational ideas related to managing finances, such as accounting, budgeting, investments and more. The key topics will help readers understand fundamental principles for handling monetary affairs.
Presentation on the Shariah-Compliant Finance in the Private Sector and Devel...jimmyew88
The document analyzes the landscape of Shariah-compliant finance, identifying key players and opportunities in the market. Demand for Islamic finance products is rising globally due to increased affluence in Asia and the Middle East and more favorable regulations. The Islamic Development Bank is a leading multilateral development organization investing heavily in sectors like infrastructure, agriculture, and SME finance. The document recommends that Company XYZ identify opportunities by targeting multinational companies with operations in regions receiving Islamic Development Bank funding.
Memaparkan penjelasan tentang badan legislatif Amerika Serikat (Kongres) yang terdiri atas: Sejarah; Gambaran Umum, Senat, House of Representative, Kewenangan Kongres, Proses Legislasi, dan Komisi Kongres.
This document provides instructions for updating employee assignments over time in Project Accounting. It describes how to view and change an employee's organization, job, location, manager, or billing title by entering new assignment details with an updated start date in the Assignment History region. The region will then display one row for each change to the assignment details, showing the valid dates for each change. To make an update, the user queries the existing assignment, enters a new start date, updates any values in the New Assignment region, and saves their changes.
This document contains details of a student project analyzing the financial statements of the top 3 Indian banks - SBI, ICICI, and PNB. It includes the student's name, roll number, project title, subject area, and guide's name. The project involves calculating and comparing various ratios such as profitability, leverage, payout, and liquidity ratios across the three banks. The objectives are to assess the banks' profitability, do comparative analysis between banks, and evaluate operational efficiency. The introduction provides background on banks' role in the economy. The literature review discusses previous research on analyzing banks' financial performance.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Financial Performance Analysis Selected Pr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The growth of a country's banking sector has a significant impact on its economic development. The banking sector plays a critical role in determining a country's economic future. A well-planned, structured, efficient, and viable banking system is an essential component of an economy's economic and social infrastructure. In modern society, a strong banking system is required because it meets the financial needs of the modern society. In a country's economy, the banking system plays a crucial role. Because it connects surplus and deficit economic agents, the bank is the most important financial intermediary in the economy. The banking system is regarded as the economy's lifeline. It meets the financial needs of commerce, industry, and agriculture. As a result, the country's development and the banking system are intertwined. They are critical in the mobilisation of savings and the distribution of credit to various sectors of the economy. India's private sector banks play a critical role in the country's economic development. So The financial performance of private sector banks must be evaluated carefully.
Financial Performance Analysis of Selected Private Sector Banks in IndiaDr. Amarjeet Singh
The performance of the banking system has been
widely recognized as an important element for economic
growth and for enhancing the economic and financial system
buoyancy in facing financial crisis. In fact, such a vital role in
the economy has made banks to be considered as one of the
most strained kinds of businesses in the globe as they are
subject to close scrutiny since banks will otherwise be
counterproductive and severely damage the economy of a
country. Efficient and profitable banks maximize
shareholders’ value and encourage the shareholders to make
additional investments. As a result of which, more
employment opportunities will be created and more goods
and service will be produced and ultimately bring about
economic growth in which private and public sector banking
institutions play equal role. The present study analyses the
financial performance of selected private banks in India with
the help of correlation analysis by considering return on total
assets as the independent variable.
An Impact of Capital Adequacy Ratio on the Profitability of Private Sector Ba...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Profitability being one of the cardinal principles of bank lending acts as a game changer for the survival and success of private sector banks in India. In order to stay profitable, banks have to capitalise on every penny advanced to yield the expected returns. However, considering the constraints laid down by the Reserve Bank of India, banks have to maintain a minimum capital adequacy ratio, as per the current BASEL III regulations active in India. With the mergers of public sector banks, the challenge has got just tougher for the private sector banks in India. Expansion and Diversification are the key strategies adopted by the key players from the private banking sector, however, with the minimum capital adequacy ratio observed by them, it is necessary to understand its actual impact on the bank’s profitability. This research paper aims to throw light upon the linkage that capital adequacy has with the bank’s profitability. It attempts to establish a relation between the Capital Adequacy Ratio with the Net profits of the bank. For the purpose of this study, data from the past 5 years of the leading private sector banks has been collected, namely, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, AXIS Bank and YES Bank. The collected data has been analysed using Pearson’s Correlation to establish a relation between the CAR Ratio & the bank’s profitability. Hypothesis testing has been further done to study the quantum of proportionate change in the profitability with a change in the CAR Ratio for private sector banks using applicable research tools. The said research tools are applied to achieve the desired results while maintaining the required quantum of accuracy. It also aims to understand the proportionate impact of changes in CAR to the bank’s profitability, which can act as a suggested measure for banks to develop a reliable framework for efficient capital management and increase overall efficiency. The results derived from the data collected and analyzed aim to provide scope for further study on the subject matter.
An Empirical Analysis on the Nature of Relationship between Capital Structure...iosrjce
The financing decision with regard to capital structure theory of finance has been a topic of many
theories and their conflicting output for past many years. This paper aims to analyse the nature of relationship
between the capital structure of a firm and its performance. The data of 40 firms excluding financial services
firms listed on Nifty indices on National Stock Exchange is studied (The composition of 50 firms on Nifty
represents a well branch out index reflecting precisely the overall market conditions). Financial services firms
have been excluded from purview of this paper, as they are in the business of collecting money and investing in
financial assets rather than producing goods, hence follow a unique business valuation model. Further financial
services sector being one of the most sensitive sectors. This paper analyzes a period of 13 years (2001-2014)
covering the phases of a business cycle starting from boom (2001/02-2006/07), recession (2007/08-2008/09)
and then recovery (2009/10-2013/14). The complete business cycle will aid to demonstrate the results more
accurately. This paper also surveys the topical developments in the empirical capital structure research. The
data for a period of 13 years is analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression
techniques. For research purpose, the ratios such as debt-equity ratio, debt-asset ratio and long term debt are
taken as independent variables whereas Net Profit, Net Profit Margin, ROCE, ROE and ROA are the ratios
taken as dependent variables.
This research article examines the factors affecting capital structure for companies listed on the BSE30 index in India during pre-recession (2010-2015) and post-recession (2015-2020) periods. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between financial leverage (dependent variable) and 10 independent variables hypothesized to influence capital structure. The study aims to identify the significant determinants of capital structure during each period and compare whether results support pecking order or trade-off theory. Regression results found several factors significantly impacted financial leverage differently in the pre-and post-recession periods.
A Study on Financial Performance of Infosys Ltd using Ratio Analysiskulbirsingh100
This paper is regarding analysis of financial performance of Infosys Limited.Financial
Statements are those statements which deliver information about profitability, efficiency,
performance and financial position of the concern. Financial statements analysis is a powerful
contrivance for a variety of users of financial statements. Different users have different
objectives in wisdom about the financial circumstances of the concern. Financial statements
deliver information to investors, debtors, creditors, stakeholder and public about the financial
position, financial condition, efficiency and performance of the business. It is study about
accounting ratios among various items included in balance sheet.
Factors affecting financial sustainability of microfinance institutionsAlexander Decker
This document discusses factors that affect the financial sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs). It begins with background on microfinance programs and defines financial sustainability. The study aims to identify factors influencing MFI financial sustainability and develop a financial sustainability index. Regression analysis of MFI data from India and Bangladesh found that capital/asset ratio, operating expenses/loan portfolio, and portfolio at risk >30 days influence sustainability. The document proposes a financial sustainability index model based on these factors and operational self-sufficiency, assigning weights based on various agencies' use of the indicators. The model converts indicator data to a common scale to calculate total standard scores as a sustainability index.
A Dissertation Report On "Study Of Net Interest Margin {NIM} Of Selected INDIAN Public & Private Sector Banks"
Has Undertaken 10 Years Financial Data Of Selected Banks i.e. 2008-2017 for the Study.
This document provides an introduction to a study comparing HDFC and ICICI mutual funds. It discusses the objectives of the study, which are to understand mutual funds and their workings, compare the performance of HDFC and ICICI funds in terms of risk and returns, and understand investor preferences toward mutual fund investments. A literature review is also provided covering past research on mutual fund performance evaluation. The methodology discusses data collection from primary and secondary sources and tools for analysis including tables, charts and graphs.
This document provides an overview of the financial services industry in India, including various subsectors like banking, insurance, mutual funds, stock exchanges, and regulatory bodies. It discusses the role of financial intermediaries in channeling funds between investors and businesses. Some key points covered include:
- The financial services industry plays an important role in promoting investment, savings, and long-term economic growth.
- Major segments include banking, insurance, and mutual funds, which together contribute around 6% to India's GDP.
- Financial intermediaries provide services like maturity transformation and risk mitigation by pooling funds from many sources.
- Important financial institutions include commercial banks, investment banks, brokerages, insurance companies, and non-bank
Interfirm comparison on select private banking companies in indiaIAEME Publication
This document provides an analysis of the financial performance of 10 private banking companies in India from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012 using 7 key financial ratios. The ratios analyzed include net profit ratio, return on total assets, return on shareholders' funds, return on capital employed, asset turnover ratio, current ratio, and operating expenses ratio. The companies' performance on these ratios was evaluated using quartile deviation technique to classify them as having low, average, or high performance. The analysis found that Karur Vysya Bank Ltd and City Union Bank Ltd consistently demonstrated higher performance ratios compared to the other banks.
A study on financial performance of vijaya bankDattu MudhiRaj
This document discusses analyzing the financial performance of Vijaya Bank through ratio analysis. It begins by defining financial analysis and its objectives. Ratio analysis is identified as a useful technique for evaluating various financial aspects of a company. The study focuses on analyzing Vijaya Bank's profitability, asset utilization, liquidity, and financial capabilities over three financial years using data collected from annual reports and the bank's website. The objectives are to evaluate Vijaya Bank's financial performance using ratio analysis and suggest improvements. Secondary research on previous bank performance studies is also reviewed.
Performence of mutual fund by. karan gujratiKaran Gujrati
This document is a dissertation project report submitted by Karan Gujrati to the Department of Business Administration under the guidance of Dr. Mayank Malviya. It discusses the performance of mutual funds in India. The acknowledgement section thanks various people who helped with the project. The declaration confirms this is Karan's original work. The table of contents outlines the various sections of the report which will cover topics like the history of mutual funds in India, types of mutual funds, research methodology used in the analysis, an overview and analysis of various fund types, findings and recommendations.
This research article analyzes the financial performance of selected banks in India using ratio analysis. Ratio analysis is a quantitative method used to evaluate a company's liquidity, operational efficiency, and profitability by comparing financial statement information over multiple periods. The study uses a commonly applied framework called the Eagles model to analyze 13 key ratios across selected banks from 2011-2019 related to earnings, asset quality, growth, liquidity, equity, and strategy. Statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, and t-tests are used to analyze and compare the results between public and private sector banks. The findings of the ratio analysis can help assess the financial health and trends of the banks over time to identify areas for improvement and inform decision making.
The document provides background information and outlines the methodology for a study on analyzing the investment portfolios of commercial banks in Nepal. It discusses the importance of investment portfolios for banks and the economy. The study will analyze five years of data from five commercial banks to evaluate the relationship between investment amounts and variables like deposits, profits, loans, and bank size. Regression analysis will be used to analyze how investment levels correlate with these other factors. The goal is to help banks minimize risk and maximize returns in their investment strategies.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR MUTUAL FUNDS IN INDIAZaara Jensen
This document analyzes and compares the risk-return profiles of equity and balanced mutual funds in the public and private sectors in India from 2011-2015. The study finds that public sector funds had higher average returns but similar risk-adjusted returns compared to private sector funds. Specifically, the study analyzed 80 mutual fund schemes, calculating returns, standard deviations, and using models like Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen's alpha to compare risk-adjusted performance. While public sector funds had higher average returns, there was no statistically significant difference in risk-adjusted returns between the two sectors. The analysis suggests that both public and private sector funds effectively diversified risk, though public funds had slightly higher average returns.
The advent of AI offers marketers unprecedented opportunities to craft personalized and engaging customer experiences, evolving customer engagements from one-sided conversations to interactive dialogues. By leveraging AI, companies can now engage in meaningful dialogues with customers, gaining deep insights into their preferences and delivering customized solutions.
Susan will present case studies illustrating AI's application in enhancing customer interactions across diverse sectors. She'll cover a range of AI tools, including chatbots, voice assistants, predictive analytics, and conversational marketing, demonstrating how these technologies can be woven into marketing strategies to foster personalized customer connections.
Participants will learn about the advantages and hurdles of integrating AI in marketing initiatives, along with actionable advice on starting this transformation. They will understand how AI can automate mundane tasks, refine customer data analysis, and offer personalized experiences on a large scale.
Attendees will come away with an understanding of AI's potential to redefine marketing, equipped with the knowledge and tactics to leverage AI in staying competitive. The talk aims to motivate professionals to adopt AI in enhancing their CX, driving greater customer engagement, loyalty, and business success.
Boost Your Instagram Views Instantly Proven Free Strategies.InstBlast Marketing
Supercars use advanced materials and tech for top-speed performance. Join Performance Car Exclusive to experience driving excellence.
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Mindfulness Techniques Cultivating Calm in a Chaotic World.pptxelizabethella096
In today’s fast-paced world, stress and anxiety have become common companions for many. With constant connectivity and an unending stream of information, finding moments of peace can seem like an insurmountable challenge. However, mindfulness techniques offer a beacon of calm amidst the chaos, helping individuals to center themselves and find balance. These practices, rooted in ancient traditions and supported by modern science, are accessible to everyone and can profoundly impact mental and emotional well-being.
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era"" is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
Breaking Silos To Break Bank: Shattering The Divide Between Search And SocialNavah Hopkins
At Mozcon 2024 I shared this deck on bridging the divide between search and social. We began by acknowledging that search-first marketers are used to different rules of engagement than social marketers. We also looked at how both channels treat creative, audiences, bidding/budgeting, and AI. We finished by going through how they can win together including UTM audits, harvesting comments from both to inform creative, and allowing for non-login forums to be part of your marketing strategy.
I themed this deck using Baldur's Gate 3 characters: Gale as Search and Astarion as Social
If you’re at all interested in digital
marketing and in making a name for
your brand online, then it is crucial that
you understand how to properly make
use of content marketing. Content
marketing is currently one of the
biggest trends in digital marketing as a
whole and is an area that many website owners and brands are investing in
heavily right now thanks to the impressive returns that they are seeing.
Title: Making Money the Easy Way: A Quick Guide to Generating IncomeWilliamZinsmeister
Welcome to "Making Money the Easy Way: A Quick Guide to Generating Income." This book is designed to provide you with practical, actionable strategies to generate income with minimal effort. Whether you’re looking to supplement your current income or create a full-time revenue stream, this guide covers a variety of methods to help you achieve your financial goals. We will explore opportunities available online, various investment strategies, profitable side hustles, creative approaches, and essential financial tips to ensure sustainable income growth.
Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics
In the current market landscape, establishing genuine connections with consumers is crucial. This presentation, "Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics," explores how influencers have become pivotal in shaping brand-consumer relationships. We will examine the strategic use of influencers to create authentic, engaging narratives that resonate deeply with target audiences, driving success in the evolved purchase funnel.
In this humorous and data-heavy Master Class, join us in a joyous celebration of life honoring the long list of SEO tactics and concepts we lost this year. Remember fondly the beautiful time you shared with defunct ideas like link building, keyword cannibalization, search volume as a value indicator, and even our most cherished of friends: the funnel. Make peace with their loss as you embrace a new paradigm for organic content: Pillar-Based Marketing. Along the way, discover that the results that old SEO and all its trappings brought you weren’t really very good at all, actually.
In this respectful and life-affirming service—erm, session—join Ryan Brock (Chief Solution Officer at DemandJump and author of Pillar-Based Marketing: A Data-Driven Methodology for SEO and Content that Actually Works) and leave with:
• Clear and compelling evidence that most legacy SEO metrics and tactics have slim to no impact on SEO outcomes
• A major mindset shift that eliminates most of the metrics and tactics associated with SEO in favor of a single metric that defines and drives organic ranking success
• Practical, step-by-step methodology for choosing SEO pillar topics and publishing content quickly that ranks fast
INTRODUCTION TO SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION (SEO).pptxGiorgio Chiesa
This presentation is recommended for those who want to know more about SEO. It explains the main theoretical and practical aspects that influence the positioning of websites in search engines.
Did you know that while 50% of content on the internet is in English, English only makes up 26% of the world’s spoken language? And yet 87% of customers won’t buy from an English only website.
Uncover the immense potential of communicating with customers in their own language and learn how translation holds the key to unlocking global growth. Join Smartling CEO, Bryan Murphy, as he reveals how translation software can streamline the translation process and seamlessly integrate into your martech stack for optimal efficiency. And that's not all – he’ll also share some inspiring success stories and practical tips that will turbocharge your multilingual marketing efforts!
Key takeaways:
1. The growth potential of reaching customers in their native language
2. Tips to streamline translation with software and integrations to your tech stack
3. Success stories from companies that have increased lead generation, doubled revenue, and more with translation
AI Best Practices for Marketing HUG June 2024Amanda Farrell
During this presentation, the Nextiny marketing team reviews best practices when adopting generative AI into content creation. Join our HUG community to register for more events https://events.hubspot.com/sarasota/
Basic Management Concepts., “Management is the art of getting things done thr...DilanThennakoon
The managers achieve organizational objectives by getting work from
others and not performing in the tasks themselves.
Management is an art and science of getting work done through people.
It is the process of giving direction and controlling the various activities
of the people to achieve the objectives of an organization Management is a universal process in all organized, social and economic activities. Wherever
there is human activity there is management.
Management is a vital aspect of the economic life of man, which is an organized group activity. A
central directing and controlling agency is indispensable for a business concern. The productive
resources –material, labour, capital etc. are entrusted to the organizing skill, administrative ability
and enterprising initiative of the management. Thus, management provides leadership to a
business enterprise. Without able managers and effective managerial leadership the resources of
production remain merely resources and never become production. Management occupies such an
important place in the modern world that the welfare of the people and the destiny of the country
are very much influenced by it.
1.2 MEANING OF MANAGEMENT
Management is a technique of extracting work from others in an integrated and co-ordinated
manner for realizing the specific objectives through productive use of material resources.
Mobilising the physical, human and financial resources and planning their utilization for business
operations in such a manner as to reach the defined goals can be benefited to as management.
1.3 DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT
Management may be defined in many different ways. Many eminent authors on the subject have
defined the term "management". Some of these definitions are reproduced below:
In the words of George R Terry - "Management is a distinct process consisting of planning,
organising, actuating and controlling performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the
use of people and resources".
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perform efficiently and effectively towards the attainment of group goals".
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operations of an organisation in realising of established aim
Advanced Storytelling Concepts for MarketersEd Shimp
Every marketer knows you’re supposed to tell a story, but do you know how to tell a story? Do you know why you’re supposed to tell a story? Do you even truly know what a story is? While many marketing presentations emphasize the value of mythic storytelling, the nuts and bolts of actually constructing a story are never explored.
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• Rhetoric – The art of effective communication
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• Plato’s Cave – You sell products, but you market ideas
• Aristotle’s Six Dramatic Elements – The secret recipe for marketing stories
This is for senior marketers who are tasked with creating effective narratives or guiding others in the process. By the end of the session, attendees will have gained the knowledge needed to work storytelling into all phases of the buyer’s journey.
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Learn how to use specific GPTs to help you Learn how to build your own marketing tools
Generate marketing ideas for your business How to think through and use AI in marketing
How AI changes the marketing game
How to Generate Add to Calendar Link using Cal.etYared Ayalew
Cal.et is a free tool that helps you create “Add to Calendar” links for your events. It supports popular calendar platforms like Google, Apple, Outlook, Yahoo, and Office365. Users can generate short, shareable URLs, customize event details, and even create QR codes for easy access. It’s ideal for embedding event links in emails, websites, and social media, making it easier for participants to save event information directly to their calendars.
Data-Driven Personalization - Build a Competitive Advantage by Knowing Your C...
H0321054063
1. International Journal of Business and Management Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X
www.ijbmi.org Volume 3 Issue 2ǁ February. 2014ǁ PP.54-63
www.ijbmi.org 54 | Page
A Study on Long Term Solvency Position of Private Sector Banks
in India
Brindadevi.V1
, Dr.Muthumoni.A2
1
(Assistant professor of commerce, MGR College, Hosur/ Periyar University, India)
2
(Principal, MGR College, Hosur / Periyar University, India)
ABSTRACT : Long-term solvency ratios provide information about a company’s financial position. They also
measure a company’s ability to pay long-term obligations (those with maturities exceeding one year).The
present study is based on long term solvency ratio of private sector banks in india, the following ratios are
shows their status of long term solvency position Interest income to total fund, Interest expended to total fund,
Loan turnover, Total asset turnover, Capital adequacy ratio, Advance to loan fund, Credit deposit ratio. The
long-term financial soundness of any business can be judged by its long-term creditors by testing its ability to
pay interest charges regularly and its ability to repay the principal as per schedule.
KEYWORDS: Asset, CAR, Credit deposit, Interest expended, Interest income, Loan.
I. INTRODUCTION
Private sector banks also known as commercial or stockholder banks which are run by a private
individual or group, for the purposes of making a profit for the owners. The private sector banks play a vital role
in the growth of Indian economy. They indirectly motivate the public sector banks by offering a healthy
competition to them. All those banks where greater parts of stake or equity are held by the private shareholders
and not by government are called "private sector banks". These are the major players in the banking sector as
well as in expansion of financial business activities India. The present private-sector banks equipped with all
kinds of contemporary innovations, monetary tools and techniques to handle the complexities are a result of the
evolutionary process over two centuries. They have a highly developed organsational structure and are
professionally managed. Thus they have grown faster and stronger since past few years.
II. REVIEW OF PREVIOUS STUDIES
The following earlier studies have been conducted by various researchers in the area of banking. The
researcher had reviewed some of such previous studies. The present study is to formulate on Dhanabhakyam and
Kavitha (2012) stated that the Indian banking system faces several difficult challenges. The selected public
sector banks have performed well on the sources of growth rate and financial efficiency during the study period.
The old private sector banks and new private sector banks play a vital role in marketing of new type of deposits
and advances schemes”.
III. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
[1] To analyze the long-term solvency position of some selected private sectors banks (i.e.,) AXIS, ICICI.
Karur vysya bank (KVB), South india bank (SIB).
[2] To observe the overall solvency of banks (i.e.,) Interest income to total fund, Interest expended to total
fund, Loan turnover, Total asset turnover, Capital adequacy ratio, Advance to loan fund, Credit deposit
ratio.
IV. SCOPE OF STUDY
The study has been undertaken with the objective of analyzing the Long-term solvency analysis of
private sector bank in India. Long term solvency is to be measured in terms of ability to return the principal
amount borrowed as well as to pay the interest.LTS is otherwise known as capital structure ratio. This ratio
measures the composition of capital with respect to own capital and borrowed capital.
V. PERIOD OF STUDY
The study covers a period of 10 years from 2002- 2003 to 2011-2012 is taken for the study.
2. A Study On Long Term Solvency Position…
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VI. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information to increase out
understanding of the phenomenon under study. Research stands for
[1] R – Rational way of thinking.
[2] E –Expert and Exhaustive treatment.
[3] S –Search for solution.
[4] E –Exactness
[5] A –Analytical analysis of adequate data.
[6] R –Relationship of facts.
[7] C –Careful recording.
[8] H –Honesty & Hardwork.
6.1 Data Source
The study is based on secondary data. Information required for the study has been collected from the
annual report of AXIS,ICICI,KVB,SIB & different books, journals ,magazines & data collected from various
bank websites.
6.2 Analysis of Tools
In this study various statistical tools are used (i.e.,) Mean, Standard deviation, Coefficient of variation
& ANOVA have been used for data analysis.
6.3 Hypotheses
ANOVA is a statistical procedure for determining whether three or more sample means were drawn
from populations with equal means. In everyday ANOVA tests the null hypothesis that the population means
(estimated by the sample means) are all equal. If null hypothesis is rejected, then we conclude that the
population means are not all equal. A more precise formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses for
comparing k means is:
H0: µ1= µ2= µk
H1: at least one pair of means is different, µ1... µ2
The F test statistic indicates that there is a significant difference in the mean performances of responses given
for concerned samples. Here this computed value is compared with critical values of each group. If F exceeds
the critical value for F at some significance level (usually0.05) it means that there is evidence to reject the null
hypothesis in favour of the alternative hypothesis.
VII. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
[1] The study is related to a period of 10 years.
[2] As the data are only secondary, i.e., they are collected from the published annual reports.
[3] Due to shortage of time only Long-term solvency ratio is taken for the study.
VII. OVERVIEW OF SOLVENCY
Solvency is a measure of the long-term financial viability of a business which means its ability to pay
off its long-term obligations such as bank loans, bonds payable, etc.. Information about solvency is critical for
banks, employees, owners, bond holders, institutional investors, government, etc., Thus long-term financial
soundness (or solvency) of any business is examined by calculating ratios popularly, known as leverage of
capital structure ratios. These ratios help us the interpreting repays long-term debt as per installments stipulated
in the contract. Long term solvency refers to the ability of the business concern to pay its liabilities in the long
period. A Firm is said to be solvent when total asset are greater than the total liabilities payable to outsiders. The
following ratios are
8.1 Interest Income to Total Fund
Interest income to average working funds expressed as a percentage, this ratio shows a bank’s ability to
leverage its average total resources in enhancing its main stream of operational interest income. The sum total of
discount, interest from loans, advances and investment and from balance with RBI and other interest flows.
Interest Income to Total Fund =Interest income / Average working fund
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Table 8.1 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
INTEREST INCOME / TOTAL FUND
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 11.00 11.05 11.39 11.51
2003-2004 9.67 9.93 10.82 10.63
2004-2005 7.43 8.08 8.41 7.01
2005-2006 8.22 8.36 8.98 7.73
2006-2007 8.88 9.55 9.54 8.34
2007-2008 9.57 10.60 9.95 8.82
2008-2009 10.53 9.82 10.31 9.36
2009-2010 9.38 8.82 10.15 9.18
2010-2011 9.14 8.41 9.74 8.70
2011-2012 10.23 9.07 10.69 10.08
MEAN 9.405 9.369 9.998 9.136
SD 1.011882 0.942448 0.839605 1.274026687
CV 10.75898 10.05922 8.397726 13.94512574
Table 8.1 discloses that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of Interest
income to total fund of selected banks .The KVB has highest mean value & SIB has lowest value when compare
to other banks. Standard deviation of Interest income to total fund of SIB has 1.2740 with highest coefficient of
variation of 13.9451% and KVB has 0.8396 low standard deviation with low coefficient of variation of 8.387%.
Hypothesis:
H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Interest Income to Total Fund among different
private sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Interest Income to Total Fund among different
private sector banks in india)
Table: 8.1(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of Square Degrees of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 4.0457 3 1.348567 1.144957 2.866266
With Groups 42.40194 36 1.177832
Total 46.44764 39
Since the calculated value of F (1.144957) is less than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.1(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is accepted .It is therefore ,concluded that there is no significant relationship between
the interest income to total fund of (AXIS,ICICI,KVB,SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.2 Interest Expended to Total Fund
Interest expended includes interest on deposits, interest on borrowings & other interest. It includes
discount & interest on all borrowings and refinance from RBI and other banks. All other payments like interest
on participation certificate, penal interest paid also included.
Interest expended to Total fund =Interest expended / Average working fund
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Table 8.2 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
INTEREST EXPENDED / TOTAL FUND
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 6.72 7.53 6.14 6.76
2003-2004 4.67 6.05 5.27 5.69
2004-2005 3.85 4.49 4.46 4.83
2005-2006 4.14 4.58 4.36 4.44
2006-2007 4.87 5.49 5.18 4.98
2007-2008 4.83 6.31 5.96 5.96
2008-2009 5.56 5.83 6.55 6.22
2009-2010 4.04 4.74 6.11 5.96
2010-2011 4.06 4.41 5.78 5.69
2011-2012 5.29 5.18 7.15 7.03
MEAN 4.803 5.461 5.696 5.756
SD 0.836063 0.943816 0.839586 0.782933
CV 17.4071 17.28285 14.73992 13.60203
Table 8.2 exhibits that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of Interest
expended to total fund of selected banks .The SIB has highest mean value & AXIS has lowest value when
compare to other banks. Standard deviation of Interest expended to average working fund of ICICI has 0.9438
with coefficient of variation of 17.282% and SIB has 0.7829 low standard deviation with low coefficient of
variation of 13.602 %.
Hypothesis: H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Interest expended to Total fund
among different private sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Interest expended to Total fund among different
private sector banks in india)
Table: 8.2(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of
Square
Degrees
of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level
of
significance)
Between Groups 5.71118 3 1.903727 2.357007 2.866266
With Groups 29.07678 36 0.807688
Total 34.78796 39
Since the calculated value of F (2.357007 ) is less than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.2(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is accepted .It is therefore ,concluded that there is no significant relationship between
the interest expended to total fund of (AXIS,ICICI,KVB,SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.3 Loan Turnover
Loan turnover ratio means the amount of sales, divided by the outstanding loans on the balance sheet.
This could measure how much sales a company has to pay off its loans.
Loan turnover =Net sales/ Outstanding loan
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Table 8.3 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
LOAN TURNOVER
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 0.30 0.24 0.22 0.24
2003-2004 0.26 0.20 0.20 0.23
2004-2005 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.14
2005-2006 0.19 0.15 0.15 0.13
2006-2007 0.18 0.17 0.15 0.14
2007-2008 0.18 0.20 0.16 0.15
2008-2009 0.19 0.18 0.16 0.16
2009-2010 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.15
2010-2011 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.14
2011-2012 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.15
MEAN 0.198 0.182 0.169 0.163
SD 0.042849 0.024413 0.022113 0.036892
CV 21.64069 13.4138 13.08482 22.63297
Table 8.3 shows the details about bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of
Loan turnover of selected banks .The AXIS has highest mean value & SIB has lowest value when compare to
other banks. Standard deviation of net sales to outstanding loan of AXIS has 0.0428 with coefficient of variation
of 21.640% and KVB has 0.0221 low standard deviation with coefficient of variation of 13.084 %.
Hypothesis: H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Loan turnover among different
private sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Loan turnover among different private sector
banks in india)
Table: 8.3(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of
Square
Degrees of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 0.00722 3 0.002407 2.023354 2.866266
With Groups 0.04282 36 0.001189
Total 0.05004 39
Since the calculated value of F (2.023354) is less than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.3(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is accepted .It is therefore ,concluded that there is no significant relationship between
the Loan turnover of (AXIS,ICICI,KVB,SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.4 Total Asset Turnover
Asset turnover measures the efficiency of a company's use of its assets in generating sales revenue or
sales income to the company. It is an efficiency ratio which tells how successfully the company is using its
assets to generate revenue.
Total asset turnover =Net Sales / Total Assets
Table 8.4 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 4.60 2.42 3.67 9.42
2003-2004 3.56 2.26 4.72 8.28
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2004-2005 3.01 2.14 3.5 4.96
2005-2006 4.00 2.94 3.81 5.00
2006-2007 4.97 4.52 4.36 6.06
2007-2008 6.32 5.61 5.07 6.65
2008-2009 0.11 0.11 5.85 7.26
2009-2010 0.1 0.1 6.18 7.68
2010-2011 0.09 0.09 5.93 5.05
2011-2012 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.10
MEAN 2.687 2.028 4.32 6.046
SD 2.266707 1.870833 1.679161 2.439341
CV 84.35828 92.25015 38.86946 40.34636
The above table 8.4 which depicts that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of
total asset turnover of selected banks .The SIB has highest mean value & ICICI has lowest value when compare
to other banks. Standard deviation of net sales to total Assets of SIB has 2.439 with coefficient of variation of
40.346% and KVB has 1.679 low standard deviation with coefficient of variation of 38.869 %.
Hypothesis:
H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Total asset turnover among different private
sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Total asset turnover among different private
sector banks in india)
Table: 8.4(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of
variation
Sum of
Square
Degrees
of
freedom
Mean
Square
F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 96.90129 3 32.30043 6.679799 2.866266
With Groups 174.0794 36 4.835539
Total 270.9807 39
Since the calculated value of F (6.679799) is greater than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.4(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore, concluded that there is a significant relationship between the
Total asset turnover of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.5 Capital Adequacy Ratio
Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), also known as Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR), is a
ratio of a bank's capital to its risk. National regulators track a bank’s CAR to ensure that it can absorb a
reasonable amount of loss and comply with statutory capital requirement. It is expressed as a percentage of a
bank's risk weighted credit exposures this ratio is used to protect depositors and promote the stability and
efficiency of financial systems around the world. Two types of capital are measured(i.e.,) tier one capital, which
can absorb losses without a bank being required to cease trading, and tier two capital, which can absorb losses in
the event of a winding-up and so provides a lesser degree of protection to depositors.
Capital adequacy ratio = Capital Base (Tier I + Tier II) / Risk-weighted Assets
Tier I- Capital include common equity, retained earnings, paid-in capital and disclosed capital reserves.
Tier II- Capital includes loan loss reserve or undisclosed capital reserves, preferred stocks with maturity of
at least 20 years, certain revaluation reserves and general loan provisions, subordinated debt with an
original maturity of at least 7 years.
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Risk weighted assets-Risk weighted assets mean fund based assets such as cash, loans, investments and
other assets. Degrees of credit risk expressed as percentage weights have been assigned by RBI to each such
assets.
Table 8.5 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 10.90 11.10 17.01 10.75
2003-2004 11.21 10.40 17.11 11.32
2004-2005 12.66 11.78 16.07 9.89
2005-2006 11.08 13.35 14.79 13.02
2006-2007 11.57 11.69 14.51 11.08
2007-2008 13.73 13.97 12.58 13.80
2008-2009 13.69 15.53 14.92 14.76
2009-2010 15.80 19.41 12.48 15.39
2010-2011 12.65 19.54 14.41 14.01
2011-2012 13.66 18.52 14.33 14.00
MEAN 12.695 14.529 14.821 12.802
SD 1.481143 3.346498 1.503698 1.79782
CV 11.66714 23.03323 10.14573 14.04327
Table 8.5 reveals that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of Capital
adequacy ratio of selected banks .The KVB has highest mean value & AXIS has lowest value when compare to
other banks. Standard deviation of Capital base to risk weighted assets of ICICI has 3.346 with highest
coefficient of variation of 23.033% and AXIS has 1.481 standard deviation with coefficient of variation of
11.667 %.
Hypothesis: H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Capital adequacy ratio among
different private sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Capital adequacy ratio among different private
sector banks in india)
Table: 8.5(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of Square Degrees of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 37.59759 3 12.53253 2.388905 2.866266
With Groups 188.861 36 5.246139
Total 226.4586 39
Since the calculated value of F (2.388905) is less than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.5(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is accepted. It is therefore, concluded that there is no significant relationship between
the Capital adequacy ratio of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.6 Advance to Loan Fund
The act of a lender paying money under a loan. An advance is an amount of money that is loaned from
future earnings. A loan is an amount borrowed from a bank or other institution that loans money. Borrowers
8. A Study On Long Term Solvency Position…
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sign a promissory note that states the terms of the loan and the length of time for repayment. Loans usually
require an amount of interest to be paid back with the loan. Available for loans such funds may be restricted in
the sense that only the income generated from the fund may be used for making loans; in this case, the principal
is placed in an endowment fund. In cases where both principal and income may be available, all funds are
placed in the loan fund group.
Advance to Loan Fund =Total Advance / Total loan fund
Table 8.6 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
ADVANCE TO LOAN FUND
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 46.00 64.08 67.73 55.85
2003-2004 47.81 67.02 70.56 54.8
2004-2005 56.76 76.65 72.3 63.66
2005-2006 58.50 84.89 76.43 70.49
2006-2007 69.07 77.72 81.20 72.48
2007-2008 75.89 72.67 83.94 76.15
2008-2009 73.87 69.86 74.35 70.69
2009-2010 72.96 58.57 77.41 75.90
2010-2011 76.16 64.96 79.18 76.80
2011-2012 72.29 65.30 80.72 81.31
MEAN 64.931 70.172 76.382 69.813
SD 11.05206 7.446133 4.874291 8.513305
CV 17.02124 10.61126 6.381466 12.19444
Table 8.6 reveals that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation of Advance to loan
fund of selected banks .The KVB has highest mean value & AXIS has lowest value when compare to other
banks. Standard deviation of total advance to total loan fund of AXIS has 11.052 with highest coefficient of
variation of 17.021% and KVB has 4.874 standard deviation with coefficient of variation of 6.381 %.
Hypothesis:
H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Advance to Loan fund among different private
sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Advance to Loan fund among different private
sector banks in india)
Table: 8.6(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of Square Degrees of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 660.6804 3 220.2268 2.895307 2.866266
With Groups 2738.281 36 76.06336
Total 3398.961 39
Since the calculated value of F (2.895307) is greater than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table 8.6(b)
ANOVA, null hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore, concluded that there is a significant relationship between the
Advance to Loan Fund of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
8.7 Credit Deposit Ratio
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It is the ratio of how much a bank lends out of the deposits it has mobilized. It indicates how much of a
bank's core funds are being used for lending, the main banking activity. A higher ratio indicates more reliance
on deposits for lending.
Credit Deposit Ratio = Total Advances/Total Deposits
Table 8.7 Analysis of mean, standard deviation & coefficient of variation
CREDIT DEPOSIT RATIO
YEAR AXIS ICICI KVB SIB
2002-2003 42.84 122.96 62.40 53.55
2003-2004 43.63 97.38 66.78 51.58
2004-2005 47.40 89.17 68.68 57.01
2005-2006 52.79 87.59 71.41 64.94
2006-2007 59.85 83.83 74.46 65.49
2007-2008 65.94 84.99 75.20 67.06
2008-2009 68.89 91.44 71.72 67.09
2009-2010 71.87 90.04 69.55 67.33
2010-2011 74.65 87.81 71.17 68.86
2011-2012 76.26 92.23 73.48 72.14
MEAN 60.412 92.744 70.485 63.505
SD 12.27084 10.71 3.647992 6.579151
CV 20.31192 11.54792 5.175558 10.36005
It has been found according to table 8.7 shows that bank wise mean, standard deviation & coefficient of
variation of Credit deposit Ratio of selected banks .The ICICI has highest mean value & AXIS has lowest value
when compare to other banks. Standard deviation of total advances to total deposits of AXIS has 12.270 with
highest coefficient of variation of 20.311% and KVB has 3.647 standard deviation with low coefficient of
variation of 5.175 %.
Hypothesis:
H0: µ1= µ2= µ3= µ4 (There is no significant relationship between Credit deposit ratio among different private
sector banks in india)
H1:µ1≠ µ2 ≠ µ3 ≠ µ4 (There is a significant relationship between Credit deposit ratio among different private
sector banks in india)
Table: 8.7(b) Analysis of ANOVA
Sources of variation Sum of Square Degrees of
freedom
Mean Square F (calculated
value)
Table value
(at 5 % level of
significance)
Between Groups 6388.732 3 2129.577 23.81851 2.866266
With Groups 3218.706 36 89.4085
Total 9607.438 39
Since the calculated value of F (23.81851) is greater than the table value (2.8662) as shown in table
8.7(b) ANOVA, null hypothesis is rejected. It is therefore, concluded that there is a significant relationship
between the Credit deposit Ratio of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
10. A Study On Long Term Solvency Position…
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XI.FINDINGS
Interest income to total fund gives the clear picture of SIB has 11.51 percent in the period of March 2003
and compare to AXIS has low percent of 7.43 at the end of March 2005.To conclude the hypothesis there is
no significant relationship between the interest income to total fund of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private
sectors banks in india.
Interest expended to total fund of selected banks KVB has 7.15 percent at the end of March 2012 and AXIS
has 3.85 percent at the end of March 2005.To conclude the hypothesis there is no significant relationship
between the interest expended to total fund of (AXIS,ICICI,KVB,SIB) private sectors banks in india.
Loan turnover shows that AXIS has 0.30 percent at the end of March 2003 and compare to SIB has low
percent of 0.13 at the end of March 2006. To conclude the hypothesis there is no significant relationship
between the Loan turnover of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
Total asset turnover reveals that SIB has 9.42 high percent in the period of March 2003 and AXIS & ICICI
has low percent of 0.10 at the end of the period march 2010 and also SIB has 0.10 at the end of March
2012. To conclude the hypothesis there is a significant relationship between the Total asset turnover of
(AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
Capital adequacy ratio of selected banks ICICI has 19.54 percent at the end of March 2011 and SIB has
9.89 low percent at the end of March 2005. To conclude the hypothesis there is no significant relationship
between the Capital adequacy ratio of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
Advance to loan fund shows that ICICI has 84.89 percent at the end of March 2006 and AXIS has 46
percent at the end of March 2003. To conclude the hypothesis there is a significant relationship between the
Advances to loan fund of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
Credit deposit ratio reveals that ICICI has 122.96 percent at the end of March 2003 and AXIS has 42.84
percent at the end of March 2003. To conclude the hypothesis there is a significant relationship between the
Credit deposit ratio of (AXIS, ICICI, KVB, SIB) private sectors banks in india.
X. CONCLUSION
Long term solvency used to measure the size of the company The Indian banking industry is one of the
pillars of the Indian economy’s growth curve. The BFSI industry, which comprises banking, insurance and
mutual funds, is also one of the biggest employers in India. Private Sector banks are owned by individuals or a
group of individuals who can take policy and business decisions quickly when compared to public sector banks
where policy decisions have to be approved by the government of India. Hence private sector bank are able to
offer attractive plans and offers to customers and hence are growing at a faster pace than public sector banks.
The Indian banking industry is passing through a phase of customers market. The customers have more choices
in choosing their banks. A competition has been established within the banks operating in india. The RBI has
given licenses to new private sector banks as part of the liberalization process. The RBI has also been granting
licenses to industrial houses. Many banks are successfully running in the retail and consumer segments but are
yet to deliver services to industrial finance, retail trade, small business and agricultural finance. The private
banking in India has grown and developed over years. The cut-throat competition in the banking sector has
compelled private banks to come up with new services. They have to depend heavily on technology and service.
REFERENCES
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[2] Dr.Priti R Majhi & Dr Prafull K Khatua (2011), “Business Research Methods”, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
[3] M.N Arora (2010), “Accounting for Management”, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
[4] Dr.T.Ramasamy (2011), “Management Accounting”, Gold books publishing House, Srivilliputtur.
Journal:
[5] Dhanabhakyam, M., and M. Kavitha, Financial performance of selected public sector banks in India,
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol 2,No 1,January 2012,PP 255 -260