This document discusses different educational philosophies from the Renaissance period that influenced curriculum and teaching methods. It describes the key aspects of various philosophies including humanism, realism, rationalism, naturalism, and disciplinism. For example, it states that humanism aimed to develop students' independent thinking skills through reason and scientific inquiry. It also provides opinions on which philosophies may be most effective, with a preference stated for realism and disciplinism as they focus on preparing students for the real world and teaching self-discipline.

1. John Anthony B. Teodosio
Bsed-4
Hum.2
Module 2, Lesson 2: Renaissance Philosophy
1.
Philosophy
Philosophy of Curriculum
Education
Humanism
Humanism is
simply
moulding the
students
to
become and
independent
critics through
the use of
reason
and
scientific
method
in
order
to
contribute to
the aims of the
school.
Realism
A school is
focusing only
on
the
community’s
progress,
duties of each
citizen
and
natural
Subjects
or
topics
that
will cover in
the
curriculum
were made by
many
professionals
according to
the tendencies
of
each
student’s
thinking
ability. Like
in
Catholic
schools, they
added
Christian
Living
courses
to
have
background
knowledge
about
their
religious
denomination
.
A
child
should
be
taught basic
language and
recognition of
vocabulary
(for instance).
Colleges and
Management
and
Organization
A school is
headed by a
principal,
rector,
president
or
whatever high
ranking
officials were
the ones who
will administer
and plan of
what kind of
progress
should
be
implemented.
Teacher
Training
Methods and
Techniques
Teachers are
more
on
divergent
concepts in
relation with
the existence
of religion.
They teach
children to
appreciate
writing skills
and be open
in
other
aspects
of
life.
An example
of
applying
humanism is
writing
a
composition,
essays;
translate
languages,
and scientific
investigation.
A
student
learns
to
express
his/her own
understanding
of a specific
problem
or
formulated
idea.
One of the
factors in a
realist school
is the medium
of
language
because of the
way
of
communicatin
Realism
taught
teachers to
boost
students’
learning
which
is
based under
On
the
elementary
level,
they
used
vernacular
language for
further
understanding

2. phenomena of
man
to
maintain the
goal of high
quality
thinking
ability
and
performance
of students.
Disciplinis
m
universities
g the students.
who
have
humanities
courses like
rhetoric and
grammar is
focusing only
the language
and
its
theories.
A
school
easily
achieved their
goals
by
means
of
using
cognition. The
mission and
vision of a
school
includes
training and
development.
Today’s
curriculum is
divided into 3
classes and it
is still used as
what
John
Locke
formulated:
Physical
Education,
Moral
Education,
and
Intellectual
Education.
Rationalism Students’
reasoning
The
administrators
were the ones
who
will
manage
the
school systems
or
policies
which
may
benefit to the
students and
faculty based
on
the
performance of
them.
The
Education
capability of should
be
pleasant
conditions
and
not
neither terror
nor
compulsion.
Teachers
taught
children in a
vernacular
language and
learn to use
senses
in
order
to
identify their
perception
on a specific
phenomenon
.
Teachers
taught
the
lesson in an
inductive
way.
Disciplinism
taught
teachers to
become
a
wide thinker
in
developing
students’
performance.
It
moulds
them
to
become
a
complete
human with
full
of
virtues that
will
make
them
influencing
to
the
students.
Ina teacher’s
lesson plan,
of the lesson.
They’re
developing
them in other
subjects with
an integration
of 3Rs. They
taught
the
lesson in an
inductive way
and
they
taught it with
inquiry.
Teaching
method
should
be
done not only
on
pure
knowledge.
They
gave
physical
training,
hands-on
activities,
integration of
moral values
and
critical
thinking
skills.
Teachers used
divergent

3. ability should
be over the
administrator’
s
reasoning
ability.
Students are
the
instruments
for having a
school a top
performing
school and in
order
to
achieve
it,
they
are
having
numerous
suggestions
and solutions.
Naturalism
reasoning is
done
in
curriculum
subjects
in
college. They
taught
students
to
think beyond
the facts and
build
their
own concept
out of their
observations
in
an
environment.
given to all by
means
of
freedom
of
expression.
The
administrators
should be open
to
their
suggestions
and
responsibilities
of having a
progressing
school.
Student’s fast
learning
is
based on the
school’s
environment.
One of the
steps
in
maintaining
good
performance
and attaining
goals is by
experience.
The
curriculum is
properly
planned and
organized
from
kindergarten
up to college.
In each topics
covered, there
are specific
objectives in
order to make
the
lesson
meaningful
and full of
hands-on
learning.
the
have
given
a
chance
to
think
of
“why” and
“how” of a
specific
lesson and
how
this
lesson
influencing
to the current
society. They
should
formulate
skills
that
make
the
students’
reasoning
ability
be
presented.
thinking
strategy
to
make students
think outside
the box. It can
be
valuing,
integration to
a current or
past
experience of
an individual,
or
a
generalization
.
As school is in
line
in
a
community.
The students
are
treated
equally.
2. I think the educational philosophy discussed is realism. Every individual starts to learn in
school. Naturalism is applied where there is an exposure or integration of the lesson to
his/her interests, disciplinism is applied where there are learning domains. Humanism is
applied where an individual is the center of the learning process. Ciceronianism for
language and rationalism for critical reasoning.

4. But all of those philosophies, realism still not applied because at the beginning,
individuals are focusing only on domains of learning and not exposing them on a real
world of work. I think that is suitable for today so that they will have knowledge and
abilities of handling a situation of work out of those learning that they have in mind. This
is one of the reasons why many Filipinos have no permanent job so the individual’s
productivity should start with exposures to a real community.
3. Disciplinism is more practical. Naturalism can also be fitted to a student because s/he
develops his/her own ability from early childhood up to adulthood. But s/he learns by
himself/herself and it is up to him/her whether s/he will continue to expose in a real world
or not and ready to discover more activities or not, so Disciplinism is much better
because the teacher already taught the student on how to judge and think critically and
sincerely, mastering the knowledge and then engage them in challenging but meaningful
activities. Disciplinism in the classroom is done every day.
4. I disagree with them because not all human reasons will be the basis for morality or
source of knowledge. Remember that a man has its own free will and intellectual ability
but it can be two ways – either in good or bad intentions. Every human reason affects
human morality. Nowadays, people learn to oppose one another and people learn to
balance good and bad effects of reasoning.
5. Definitely not. Instead, an immediate reporting to the discipline committee or home visit
should be applied for those students. To avoid this, the teacher should know his/her
students’ well and also their background so that if there were problems regarding
discipline, the teacher will have already a plan in order to get the attention goes him/her
in a non-violent way.