This document provides guidelines for pruning various native Southern California plants. It discusses different types of pruning including tip-pruning to promote bushy growth, removing dead or diseased branches, pruning to shape young plants, light pruning or deadheading of flowering heads, thinning branches to promote growth, hedge shearing, and mowing. For each plant type or group, it specifies the best time of year to prune and any additional recommendations. The goal of pruning native plants is to promote healthy growth while maintaining the plants' natural shapes and forms.
The document discusses Mughal gardens built during the Mughal Empire in India. Some key points:
1. Mughal gardens were built in the Persian style and followed the char bagh layout which divides the garden into quarters with walkways and water channels.
2. Typical features included pools, fountains, and canals. Gardens were built around rectilinear layouts within walled enclosures.
3. Several famous Mughal gardens are described, including Humayun's Tomb Garden in Delhi, Taj Mahal garden in Agra, and Shalimar Bagh in Kashmir, all following the char bagh design of the Mughal gardens.
Today, in many parts of Japan and the western parts of the world the traditions of Japanese garden art are still maintained. The intensity of expression, continue to inspire many artists that aspire to create a personal Japanese garden of their own. They are popularly known as zen gardens.
Planting considerations for Landscape projectDimpal Singh
This document discusses key considerations for planting design in landscape architecture. It outlines various criteria that should be considered including plant material characteristics, soil conditions, sunlight, water, air quality, and maintenance needs. It emphasizes that the choice of plant material depends on balancing the physical and botanical traits of plants with the site context. The document also explores using plants for various functional and aesthetic purposes beyond just beautification, including climate control, noise barriers, defining outdoor spaces, and complementing architecture.
The document provides a site analysis for a proposed district hospital project in Phagwara, Punjab, India. The site is located on 5.2 hectares of land and has a humid, subtropical climate. The soil is sandy loam to clayey and receives moderate precipitation. Vegetation includes common trees like mango, orange, and mulberry. The site is easily accessible via a nearby bus stand and railway station.
The document discusses the traditional vernacular architecture of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. It is characterized by the use of local materials like golden sandstone, which is soft and easily carved. Houses are constructed without mortar by cutting "scissors" into the stone. Traditional houses feature courtyards, thick insulating walls, small windows for light and ventilation, and textured surfaces to minimize heat gain. Local plants are used for construction, and mud, sand, cow dung and plant fibers form insulated roofs and walls. The architecture is adapted to the hot, arid climate with dense forms, orientation according to wind patterns, and other passive cooling techniques.
The document discusses Mughal gardens, which were built in the Islamic style influenced by Persian and Central Asian designs. They used rectilinear layouts organized around char baghs, which divided the walled garden into quarters with water channels and paths. Famous examples included Ram Bagh, the oldest in India; Humayun's Tomb with its 36 squares layout; and the Taj Mahal complex centered around a large char bagh. Other notable Mughal gardens mentioned are located in Agra, Kashmir, Lahore, and Delhi.
The Matrimandir in Auroville, India took 37 years to build and is designed as a large golden sphere surrounded by twelve pedestals. Inside is a white marble meditation chamber containing the world's largest optically perfect glass globe. Sunlight is directed through this globe using mirrors to provide the only source of light. The structure represents unity and was designed to have no images or organized activities, simply allowing meditation in complete silence illuminated by a single ray of sunlight or artificial light.
The document provides information about the Energy Research Institute (TERI) in Bangalore, India. It discusses the location, climate, introduction, orientation, and various passive design strategies used in the building. The building is oriented along an east-west axis with the northern side open to take advantage of glare-free light. Passive strategies include a double cavity wall on the south side for insulation, an atrium space with skylights to bring in natural light, and an earth air tunnel system for passive cooling and heating. The design aims to minimize energy usage through various architectural and passive design elements that respond to the local climate and environment.
The document discusses Mughal gardens built during the Mughal Empire in India. Some key points:
1. Mughal gardens were built in the Persian style and followed the char bagh layout which divides the garden into quarters with walkways and water channels.
2. Typical features included pools, fountains, and canals. Gardens were built around rectilinear layouts within walled enclosures.
3. Several famous Mughal gardens are described, including Humayun's Tomb Garden in Delhi, Taj Mahal garden in Agra, and Shalimar Bagh in Kashmir, all following the char bagh design of the Mughal gardens.
Today, in many parts of Japan and the western parts of the world the traditions of Japanese garden art are still maintained. The intensity of expression, continue to inspire many artists that aspire to create a personal Japanese garden of their own. They are popularly known as zen gardens.
Planting considerations for Landscape projectDimpal Singh
This document discusses key considerations for planting design in landscape architecture. It outlines various criteria that should be considered including plant material characteristics, soil conditions, sunlight, water, air quality, and maintenance needs. It emphasizes that the choice of plant material depends on balancing the physical and botanical traits of plants with the site context. The document also explores using plants for various functional and aesthetic purposes beyond just beautification, including climate control, noise barriers, defining outdoor spaces, and complementing architecture.
The document provides a site analysis for a proposed district hospital project in Phagwara, Punjab, India. The site is located on 5.2 hectares of land and has a humid, subtropical climate. The soil is sandy loam to clayey and receives moderate precipitation. Vegetation includes common trees like mango, orange, and mulberry. The site is easily accessible via a nearby bus stand and railway station.
The document discusses the traditional vernacular architecture of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. It is characterized by the use of local materials like golden sandstone, which is soft and easily carved. Houses are constructed without mortar by cutting "scissors" into the stone. Traditional houses feature courtyards, thick insulating walls, small windows for light and ventilation, and textured surfaces to minimize heat gain. Local plants are used for construction, and mud, sand, cow dung and plant fibers form insulated roofs and walls. The architecture is adapted to the hot, arid climate with dense forms, orientation according to wind patterns, and other passive cooling techniques.
The document discusses Mughal gardens, which were built in the Islamic style influenced by Persian and Central Asian designs. They used rectilinear layouts organized around char baghs, which divided the walled garden into quarters with water channels and paths. Famous examples included Ram Bagh, the oldest in India; Humayun's Tomb with its 36 squares layout; and the Taj Mahal complex centered around a large char bagh. Other notable Mughal gardens mentioned are located in Agra, Kashmir, Lahore, and Delhi.
The Matrimandir in Auroville, India took 37 years to build and is designed as a large golden sphere surrounded by twelve pedestals. Inside is a white marble meditation chamber containing the world's largest optically perfect glass globe. Sunlight is directed through this globe using mirrors to provide the only source of light. The structure represents unity and was designed to have no images or organized activities, simply allowing meditation in complete silence illuminated by a single ray of sunlight or artificial light.
The document provides information about the Energy Research Institute (TERI) in Bangalore, India. It discusses the location, climate, introduction, orientation, and various passive design strategies used in the building. The building is oriented along an east-west axis with the northern side open to take advantage of glare-free light. Passive strategies include a double cavity wall on the south side for insulation, an atrium space with skylights to bring in natural light, and an earth air tunnel system for passive cooling and heating. The design aims to minimize energy usage through various architectural and passive design elements that respond to the local climate and environment.
Roman towns were planned according to a grid pattern with two main roads, the cardo and decumanus, intersecting at the town center. Public buildings like the forum, basilica, temples, and baths were located in the central area. The forum served as a meeting place while the basilica was used for business and legal matters. Colonies established by Rome helped extend its culture and control. They were often given defensive walls and followed a standardized grid street and land plot pattern.
The document discusses the key steps in the landscape design process, beginning with site analysis. Site analysis involves developing a base plan by analyzing the physical features of the site like property boundaries, contours, vegetation, environmental factors like sun, wind, and water movement. It also involves analyzing geographical factors such as noise levels, soil types, existing plants, utilities, and wildlife. The goal of site analysis is to gain a thorough understanding of the site to inform the overall landscape design.
The document provides information on Thakali architecture and water spouts in Nepal. It describes that Thakali people originate from Mustang District in Nepal and their architecture is vernacular style. Their houses are made of stone, timber, and mud with flat roofs. Courtyards and carved wooden structures are features. Water spouts originate from natural springs and were developed by ancient dynasties. They are decorated with carved aquatic animals and serve religious and cultural purposes, providing water for rituals, bathing, and irrigation.
Critical regionalism is an architectural theory that aims to mediate between global and local influences. It advocates for designs that are rooted in modern architecture but also tied to the geographical and cultural context. Critical regionalism focuses on using local building materials and forms to help sustain regional culture while still allowing for outside influences. It differs from traditional regionalism by seeking to provide architecture with a progressive approach rather than just replicating vernacular styles. Examples of critical regionalist architecture emphasize the integration of regional materials with modern designs in a way that is compatible with the local environment.
contemporary garden, contemporary architecture, landscape architecture, modern garden, elements of modern garden, how to design modern/contemporary garden
Landscaping refers to modifying the visible features of an area of land through both living and non-living elements. Key elements of landscape design include plants, water features, and stones. Plants are used to frame buildings, define spaces, and provide environmental benefits. Water features such as fountains and ponds add aesthetic appeal and ecological value. Stones are utilized for structures like retaining walls, pathways, and decorative elements. Together, the thoughtful incorporation of these natural and manmade components can transform exterior spaces.
Raj Rewal is an Indian architect born in 1934 who helped design the Asian Games Village housing complex in New Delhi from 1980-1982. The summary focuses on key design aspects of the housing complex. It clusters buildings to recreate the layout of traditional Indian communities. It includes courtyards as public spaces and scattered terraces for outdoor living. The streets are narrow and broken up into small units to provide shade and resting places, with gateways and bridges linking neighboring houses.
Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam design principles & Analysis -shahroz khawjakhawaaja
This presentation summarizes the Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam located in Multan, Pakistan. The three-tier octagonal structure was built between 1320-1325 AD and stands within its own compound at the north-western edge of the Qasim Fort. The presentation analyzes the design principles of balance, unity, rhythm, variety, proportion, pattern, and emphasis used in the tomb's floor plans and elevations. Key features include the 101 foot tall dome, engagement towers, and geometric patterns on the red brick exterior.
Vernacular architecture refers to traditional structures built using local materials that are tailored to the climatic, cultural, and functional needs of a particular society. It is influenced by factors like climate, culture, and available materials. An example is presented on the vernacular architecture of Himachal Pradesh, which is adapted to the cold climate through orientation, small windows, and sloped roofs to drain heavy rainfall and snowfall. Houses are also influenced by cultural practices like joint families, separate areas for cooking and animals, and auspicious calendar months for construction.
The document describes the Raushan-ud-Daula Kothi built in 1896 in Lucknow by the chief minister of the Nawab. The kothi had a complex mixed design combining elements of Indo-French architecture with artistic minarets, columns, arches, and galleries. It was a huge multi-level structure that originally had five levels but now has four, with a rectangular base but complex polygonal outlines and various architectural features on each face like balconies and staircases. After being used as government offices, it now stands as a historic example of the architectural genius of its time.
The Matrimandir is a large spherical structure located at the center of Auroville, India that was designed to be the spiritual heart of the community. It took several construction phases starting in the 1970s to complete and houses a large inner chamber lit by a single ray of sunlight. The Matrimandir was envisioned by Mirra Alfassa, known as "The Mother," as a place for people of all backgrounds to seek spiritual enlightenment.
Haveli refers to large historical mansions in India and Pakistan, usually with architectural significance. Many were influenced by Islamic, Persian, and Indian styles and contain central courtyards and fountains. Fine examples can be found in the old cities of Agra, Lucknow, Delhi, Lahore, Multan, Peshawar, and Hyderabad, featuring Mughal architecture. The term was also used for Vaishnava temples in Gujarat and large Krishna temples in northern India, known for frescoes depicting gods and stories from Hindu epics.
Lewis Mumford was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic known for his studies of cities and urban architecture. In his influential book The City in History, Mumford explores the development of urban civilizations from their origins. He argues that the structure of modern cities is partially responsible for social problems in western society. Mumford advocates for urban planning that emphasizes an organic relationship between people and their living spaces.
Nasik city has a rich cultural and historical legacy dating back to Chalcolithic age. Ruled by several dynasties including the Satvahanas, Yadavas and Marathas, Nasik was an important trading center. The document discusses Nasik's temples built in Hemadpanti style, including the iconic Kalaram and Trimbakeshwar temples. It also describes the city's architectural heritage like the ornate Wadas and scenic Godavari ghats. Nasik is surrounded by the Sahyadri mountains containing numerous forts and rock cut caves depicting religious icons. Coins from ruling dynasties provide historical insights. The document highlights Nasik's cultural diversity and
This document discusses the design and challenges of creating outdoor multi-sensory environments. It outlines two main objectives: to explore the intentions and design processes of practitioners, and to identify the main challenges they face. The document then outlines several challenges practitioners encountered, such as inaccessible water features, lack of maintenance guidelines, and communication difficulties. It presents case studies and findings from interviews and observations, concluding that pathway layout strongly influences user behavior and that designs should focus more on sensory value than aesthetics.
The document provides information about English garden styles and their history. It discusses how English gardens shifted from formal, symmetrical designs inspired by French and Dutch styles to more natural, irregular designs influenced by painting and incorporating nature. Key features of English gardens included rolling lawns, tree groves, lakes, and an appreciation of the natural world. Important designers like William Kent, Charles Bridgeman, and Lancelot "Capability" Brown pioneered this new English landscape style that focused on naturalistic designs and sweeping views.
The document provides an overview of Japanese garden design principles and elements. It discusses the philosophical and religious influences on Japanese gardens and how they aim to bring nature into the garden. Key design principles discussed include asymmetry, simplicity, and the use of empty space. Common garden elements like ponds, waterfalls, stepping stones, and plants are also outlined. The document then examines specific garden styles and seasons before concluding with descriptions of common fence types in Japanese gardens.
Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. It was constructed according to classical Indian architectural principles with six sectors separated by broad streets. The palace quarter at the center includes Hawa Mahal and formal gardens. Jaipur has a hot semi-arid climate with rainfall occurring between June-September. Notable architecture includes the pink-colored walled city with gridded streets and the ornate havelis built around inner courtyards for ventilation in the hot climate.
The document discusses creating a cuttings garden to provide flowers for home use. It notes that a cuttings garden is beneficial when flowers are used in large volumes regularly, as it allows planning supply without impacting landscaping. A cuttings garden should be located conveniently for harvesting, though does not need to be an eyesore. The garden can include annuals, perennials, and other plants that provide interesting flowers with nice shapes, sizes, colors, scents across different seasons for cut arrangements and bouquets.
Roman towns were planned according to a grid pattern with two main roads, the cardo and decumanus, intersecting at the town center. Public buildings like the forum, basilica, temples, and baths were located in the central area. The forum served as a meeting place while the basilica was used for business and legal matters. Colonies established by Rome helped extend its culture and control. They were often given defensive walls and followed a standardized grid street and land plot pattern.
The document discusses the key steps in the landscape design process, beginning with site analysis. Site analysis involves developing a base plan by analyzing the physical features of the site like property boundaries, contours, vegetation, environmental factors like sun, wind, and water movement. It also involves analyzing geographical factors such as noise levels, soil types, existing plants, utilities, and wildlife. The goal of site analysis is to gain a thorough understanding of the site to inform the overall landscape design.
The document provides information on Thakali architecture and water spouts in Nepal. It describes that Thakali people originate from Mustang District in Nepal and their architecture is vernacular style. Their houses are made of stone, timber, and mud with flat roofs. Courtyards and carved wooden structures are features. Water spouts originate from natural springs and were developed by ancient dynasties. They are decorated with carved aquatic animals and serve religious and cultural purposes, providing water for rituals, bathing, and irrigation.
Critical regionalism is an architectural theory that aims to mediate between global and local influences. It advocates for designs that are rooted in modern architecture but also tied to the geographical and cultural context. Critical regionalism focuses on using local building materials and forms to help sustain regional culture while still allowing for outside influences. It differs from traditional regionalism by seeking to provide architecture with a progressive approach rather than just replicating vernacular styles. Examples of critical regionalist architecture emphasize the integration of regional materials with modern designs in a way that is compatible with the local environment.
contemporary garden, contemporary architecture, landscape architecture, modern garden, elements of modern garden, how to design modern/contemporary garden
Landscaping refers to modifying the visible features of an area of land through both living and non-living elements. Key elements of landscape design include plants, water features, and stones. Plants are used to frame buildings, define spaces, and provide environmental benefits. Water features such as fountains and ponds add aesthetic appeal and ecological value. Stones are utilized for structures like retaining walls, pathways, and decorative elements. Together, the thoughtful incorporation of these natural and manmade components can transform exterior spaces.
Raj Rewal is an Indian architect born in 1934 who helped design the Asian Games Village housing complex in New Delhi from 1980-1982. The summary focuses on key design aspects of the housing complex. It clusters buildings to recreate the layout of traditional Indian communities. It includes courtyards as public spaces and scattered terraces for outdoor living. The streets are narrow and broken up into small units to provide shade and resting places, with gateways and bridges linking neighboring houses.
Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam design principles & Analysis -shahroz khawjakhawaaja
This presentation summarizes the Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam located in Multan, Pakistan. The three-tier octagonal structure was built between 1320-1325 AD and stands within its own compound at the north-western edge of the Qasim Fort. The presentation analyzes the design principles of balance, unity, rhythm, variety, proportion, pattern, and emphasis used in the tomb's floor plans and elevations. Key features include the 101 foot tall dome, engagement towers, and geometric patterns on the red brick exterior.
Vernacular architecture refers to traditional structures built using local materials that are tailored to the climatic, cultural, and functional needs of a particular society. It is influenced by factors like climate, culture, and available materials. An example is presented on the vernacular architecture of Himachal Pradesh, which is adapted to the cold climate through orientation, small windows, and sloped roofs to drain heavy rainfall and snowfall. Houses are also influenced by cultural practices like joint families, separate areas for cooking and animals, and auspicious calendar months for construction.
The document describes the Raushan-ud-Daula Kothi built in 1896 in Lucknow by the chief minister of the Nawab. The kothi had a complex mixed design combining elements of Indo-French architecture with artistic minarets, columns, arches, and galleries. It was a huge multi-level structure that originally had five levels but now has four, with a rectangular base but complex polygonal outlines and various architectural features on each face like balconies and staircases. After being used as government offices, it now stands as a historic example of the architectural genius of its time.
The Matrimandir is a large spherical structure located at the center of Auroville, India that was designed to be the spiritual heart of the community. It took several construction phases starting in the 1970s to complete and houses a large inner chamber lit by a single ray of sunlight. The Matrimandir was envisioned by Mirra Alfassa, known as "The Mother," as a place for people of all backgrounds to seek spiritual enlightenment.
Haveli refers to large historical mansions in India and Pakistan, usually with architectural significance. Many were influenced by Islamic, Persian, and Indian styles and contain central courtyards and fountains. Fine examples can be found in the old cities of Agra, Lucknow, Delhi, Lahore, Multan, Peshawar, and Hyderabad, featuring Mughal architecture. The term was also used for Vaishnava temples in Gujarat and large Krishna temples in northern India, known for frescoes depicting gods and stories from Hindu epics.
Lewis Mumford was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic known for his studies of cities and urban architecture. In his influential book The City in History, Mumford explores the development of urban civilizations from their origins. He argues that the structure of modern cities is partially responsible for social problems in western society. Mumford advocates for urban planning that emphasizes an organic relationship between people and their living spaces.
Nasik city has a rich cultural and historical legacy dating back to Chalcolithic age. Ruled by several dynasties including the Satvahanas, Yadavas and Marathas, Nasik was an important trading center. The document discusses Nasik's temples built in Hemadpanti style, including the iconic Kalaram and Trimbakeshwar temples. It also describes the city's architectural heritage like the ornate Wadas and scenic Godavari ghats. Nasik is surrounded by the Sahyadri mountains containing numerous forts and rock cut caves depicting religious icons. Coins from ruling dynasties provide historical insights. The document highlights Nasik's cultural diversity and
This document discusses the design and challenges of creating outdoor multi-sensory environments. It outlines two main objectives: to explore the intentions and design processes of practitioners, and to identify the main challenges they face. The document then outlines several challenges practitioners encountered, such as inaccessible water features, lack of maintenance guidelines, and communication difficulties. It presents case studies and findings from interviews and observations, concluding that pathway layout strongly influences user behavior and that designs should focus more on sensory value than aesthetics.
The document provides information about English garden styles and their history. It discusses how English gardens shifted from formal, symmetrical designs inspired by French and Dutch styles to more natural, irregular designs influenced by painting and incorporating nature. Key features of English gardens included rolling lawns, tree groves, lakes, and an appreciation of the natural world. Important designers like William Kent, Charles Bridgeman, and Lancelot "Capability" Brown pioneered this new English landscape style that focused on naturalistic designs and sweeping views.
The document provides an overview of Japanese garden design principles and elements. It discusses the philosophical and religious influences on Japanese gardens and how they aim to bring nature into the garden. Key design principles discussed include asymmetry, simplicity, and the use of empty space. Common garden elements like ponds, waterfalls, stepping stones, and plants are also outlined. The document then examines specific garden styles and seasons before concluding with descriptions of common fence types in Japanese gardens.
Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. It was constructed according to classical Indian architectural principles with six sectors separated by broad streets. The palace quarter at the center includes Hawa Mahal and formal gardens. Jaipur has a hot semi-arid climate with rainfall occurring between June-September. Notable architecture includes the pink-colored walled city with gridded streets and the ornate havelis built around inner courtyards for ventilation in the hot climate.
The document discusses creating a cuttings garden to provide flowers for home use. It notes that a cuttings garden is beneficial when flowers are used in large volumes regularly, as it allows planning supply without impacting landscaping. A cuttings garden should be located conveniently for harvesting, though does not need to be an eyesore. The garden can include annuals, perennials, and other plants that provide interesting flowers with nice shapes, sizes, colors, scents across different seasons for cut arrangements and bouquets.
Diplacus aurantiacus, commonly known as sticky monkeyflower, is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family native to western North America. It is an annual or perennial herb that grows upright to a height between 6 inches and 3 feet tall. The flowers are bright orange to red and appear in dense clusters at the top of the stems between spring and early summer.
Camissonia cheiranthifolia spp. suffruticosa is a subspecies of the Camissonia cheiranthifolia plant known as Beach suncups. It is a subshrub that grows naturally along coastal beaches and sand dunes in parts of California and Baja California. Beach suncups have yellow flowers that bloom from late spring through summer and help stabilize coastal dunes with their extensive root systems.
Hummingbird Gardening in Clay Soil - notescvadheim
1) The document discusses creating a hummingbird garden and provides information on two hummingbird species found in California - Anna's hummingbird and Allen's hummingbird.
2) Key details are provided on the habitat, feeding, and nesting preferences of each species. For example, it notes that Anna's hummingbirds like sage plants and bird baths, while Allen's hummingbirds need nectar sources high in sugar.
3) The passage emphasizes that a hummingbird habitat requires more than just flowers - it also needs sources of water, perching areas, shelter from weather and predators, and places for nesting.
The document discusses designing gardens for parking strips. Parking strips present unique challenges due to poor soil, lack of water access, and public safety considerations. The document provides guidance on assessing site conditions and following local regulations. It introduces the concept of "parking strip combo palettes" that include limited plant selections suited for the conditions. An example palette is described for moderate shade conditions, featuring Creeping Barberry as a backbone plant for its spreading growth form and adaptability. Its medicinal roots, colorful flowers, and berries are also highlighted.
The document discusses options for dealing with an ugly wall or fence. It describes how the wall or fence can be turned into a focal point by painting it or putting something new in front of it. It also discusses how to hide or camouflage the wall by painting it, planting things in front of it, or using cladding materials to cover it. The document provides many examples of how walls and fences have been decorated or hidden and gives tips on using color to help the wall blend in or stand out. It emphasizes that hardscaping like walls and fences sets the stage for the garden.
1) The document discusses various species of monkeyflowers, including their taxonomy, characteristics, and suitable growing conditions.
2) Monkeyflowers were originally classified in the Figwort Family but are now placed in the Lopseed Family or Phrymaceae based on DNA evidence.
3) The document provides details on several monkeyflower species found in California, focusing on their identification, preferred habitat, growth habit, blooming period, and ornamental value for gardens.
The document discusses vines and climbers that were popular in Edwardian gardens from 1900-1930 and how they can provide ideas for modern gardens. It notes how Edwardian gardeners made good use of vertical space by planting vines that climbed arbors, trellises and other structures. Specific vines discussed include grapes and morning glory species native to California, which thrive in part shade and provide flowers, foliage and seasonal interest. The document suggests vines are well-suited to gardens today as they make the most of limited space and provide shade.
The document provides information on designing parking strip gardens with native plants. It discusses challenges with parking strips such as poor soil, compaction, and varying light conditions. It emphasizes using a limited plant palette with a mix of evergreen "backbone" plants, accent plants, and colorful seasonal plants. The document also highlights regulations that vary by city regarding height, hardscapes, and visibility at intersections. It provides examples of suitable plants like creeping barberry and discusses their characteristics and growing requirements.
This document provides a list of California native plants suitable for western Los Angeles County with white, silver, or gray foliage. It includes over 50 plant species organized by type (trees, shrubs, groundcovers). For each plant it provides the common and scientific name, size, flowering season/color, light/soil preferences, water needs, and other notes. The plants listed have foliage ranging from blue-green to silvery-white that can provide visual interest in the garden through their foliage color.
This document provides a month-by-month list of native plants from Southern and Northern California that provide colorful foliage, flowers, fruits, or seed heads throughout the year. It includes trees, shrubs, vines, perennials, annuals, bulbs, and grasses. Many plants bloom for extended periods, from 2-4 months after their starting month. Sowing some annuals at 2-week intervals provides continuous blooms into the summer months. The document aims to help gardeners achieve year-round color displays using native California flora.
This document provides a list of native plant species that can serve as alternatives to traditional lawn grasses in western Los Angeles County. It includes over 60 species of perennial groundcovers, grasses, rushes, and sedges, organized by scientific and common name. For each species, it lists key details on size, flowering period, light and soil requirements, water needs, and local availability. Many of the listed species form attractive, low-maintenance groundcovers that are drought-tolerant once established and provide habitat benefits. The document serves as a guide for homeowners seeking low-water, eco-friendly lawn substitutes for their Southern California gardens.
This document provides information on woody, evergreen groundcover plants native to western Los Angeles County, California. It includes the scientific and common names, size, flowering season, light and soil preferences, water needs, and notes for over 50 species and cultivars of manzanitas, bearberries, sagebrush, and other shrubs. Many of the plants listed are suitable for very low-water use landscapes and for use on slopes or in containers. Several cultivars are highlighted for their attractive foliage, dense growth habits, or suitability for coastal areas.
This document provides information on native buckwheat plants found in Southern California, including their scientific names, common names, sizes, flowering seasons, soil and water requirements, hardiness zones, and notes. It lists both smaller shrubby and sub-shrubby species less than 6 feet tall as well as some herbaceous perennials, annuals, and biennials. For each species, the table provides key details to help identify the plant and understand its care needs for gardening.
This document provides information on over 70 native flowering herbaceous perennials and sub-shrubs suitable for gardens in western Los Angeles County. It includes the scientific and common name, size, flowering season/color, light and soil requirements, water zone, and availability notes for each plant. Many of the plants listed are showy flowers that attract butterflies and provide larval host plants or nectar sources. Several are noted for their edible leaves or as having ornamental foliage. The document is an excellent resource for selecting low-water use, drought-tolerant native plants suited to the climate and conditions of the local area.
This document provides a list of native plant species suitable for riparian areas in western Los Angeles County. It includes trees, shrubs, vines, and groundcovers with information on their size, flowering season, light and soil requirements, and water needs. Many of the plants listed are drought tolerant and can tolerate seasonal flooding or clay soils. Notable species include California sycamore, mule fat, western redbud, arroyo willow, California buckeye, toyon, elderberry, and California sagebrush. The list offers landscaping and habitat restoration options that are well-adapted to the local climate and conditions.
This document provides information on 15 species of ferns and fern-like plants native to California that are suitable for gardens in the South Bay area. For each plant, it lists the scientific and common names, typical size, flowering season, light and soil preferences, water needs, and notes on appearance and growing conditions. Many of the plants listed are shade-loving and make good additions under oaks or for shady rock walls and containers. Some species prefer moister conditions and can even grow in standing water or seeps.
The document provides guidelines for summer pruning of native plants in Southern California, including that certain types of pruning and specific plants are best pruned in summer or early fall. It recommends pruning on cool, dry days and knowing your plan before cutting. Key definitions are given for plant growth centers and different types of pruning like thinning, heading, and shearing. A table then lists specific plants or groups, the recommended type and time of pruning, and any notes. It emphasizes regular light pruning for many plants and occasional severe pruning to rejuvenate others.
April is a busy month in Southern California gardens, with many flowers blooming and tasks to complete. Key events include pruning plants like diplacus to promote fullness before bloom, planting bog and pond plants, and weeding to remove small weeds while they're still young. It is also a major month for enjoying the garden, making bouquets of spring wildflowers, watching for butterflies, and celebrating California Native Plant Week.
This document summarizes information about the Vine Hill Manzanita shrub, including that it is native to northern California coastal ranges near Sonoma, grows as an evergreen woody shrub up to 6 feet tall and wide with elliptic green leaves and red-brown twisting trunks. It blooms pinkish-white urn-shaped flowers in early spring and produces small red edible berries in summer that attract birds. The shrub is drought tolerant and easy to grow as a groundcover, hedge, or under oaks with afternoon shade and occasional summer watering.
Vine Hill Manzanita is a woody shrub native to Northern California that grows 3-6 feet tall and 4-6 feet wide, forming a dense, mounding shape. It blooms pinkish-white urn-shaped flowers in early spring and produces small red edible berries in summer. As a drought tolerant evergreen, it is well suited for use as a groundcover, hedge, or landscape addition under native oaks to attract birds and bees with its foliage and fruits.
March is a busy month in Southern California gardens. Key tasks include planting warm weather vegetables and annual wildflowers, pruning shrubs to promote growth, and weeding to control weeds and pests as the weather warms up. Gardeners should also check irrigation systems, repair any storm damage from heavy rains, and start native plant and vegetable seedlings indoors. With warmer temperatures arriving, it is an ideal time to enjoy spending time in the garden.
Common Cowparsnip is a large, hardy perennial herbaceous plant native to most of the continental United States. It grows 3-8 feet tall with large, coarsely toothed leaves and dense umbels of small white flowers from May to July. While the plant's juices can cause skin irritation, it is used in natural gardens as an unusual accent plant that attracts pollinators. It requires full sun to part shade and regular watering.
Three-lobed (Basketbush) Sumac is a mounded woody shrub native to western North America that grows 3-4 feet tall and 4-8 feet wide. It has attractive three-lobed leaves that turn yellow and red in fall. Small yellow or white flowers bloom in spring before the leaves emerge, producing edible red berries in summer that are an important food source for birds. The drought tolerant shrub is easy to grow and spreads quickly, making it suitable for erosion control, hedges, and as a substitute for invasive ornamental shrubs. It provides habitat and foraging for birds and butterflies.
The document summarizes information about the Toyon/CA Christmas Berry shrub, including that it is native to chaparral and coastal areas from Southern Oregon to Baja California. It grows as an evergreen shrub or small tree up to 10 feet tall, and produces showy white blooms in summer and bright red berries in fall/winter that attract birds and butterflies. The document provides details on using Toyon in the garden, its care requirements, and methods for propagation.
Mt. Diablo Manzanita is an evergreen shrub endemic to Mount Diablo in California. It grows 3-10 feet tall and wide, with silvery-gray foliage and small pink flowers in winter/early spring. It is well-suited for use as a specimen plant or background shrub due to its attractive foliage and blooms. It prefers full sun to part shade and well-draining soil, and can be drought tolerant once established.
The Toyon/CA Christmas Berry is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to coastal regions from southern Oregon to Baja California. It has stiff leaves and branches and typically grows 6-10 feet tall and 4-6 feet wide. In summer it produces showy white blooms and in fall and winter bright red berries. It is drought tolerant once established and can be used for erosion control, as a screen, or pruned as a hedge. Its berries are toxic if consumed in large amounts but attract birds and butterflies. It grows best in full sun to full shade with well-drained soil and occasional summer watering.
The document provides guidance on pruning various types of permanent plants including shrubs, subshrubs, vines, and conifers. It discusses removing dead or damaged wood from shrubs to maintain their shape. For subshrubs, it recommends pruning them after flowering and before new growth to shape them. Vines are discussed in terms of their climbing habit and how to train them on structures to encourage branching. Conifers are separated into those with needle-like leaves and scale-like foliage, with different pruning techniques for each. The document stresses not pruning into older, un-needled parts of plants.
Chaparral Mallow is a woody shrub native to coastal and inland foothills from Northern California to San Diego County. It grows 4-12 feet tall and wide, with slender branches covered in hairy leaves and pink or lavender flowers that bloom off and on throughout the year. Chaparral Mallow is drought tolerant once established and attracts birds and butterflies. It is commonly used in gardens as a large accent shrub, hedge, or in dry areas, and combines well with other local plants.
This presentation was shared online on February 5 2022
as a part of the Simi Hills Naturalist/Hike Leader Training
• Contributors/Presenters
Dottie Acker
Teena Takata
Ann Vincent
Naturescaping and Xeriscaping in the Texas Coastal BendFiona9864
This document provides information on native plant species that are suitable for naturescaping and xeriscaping in the Texas Coastal Bend region. It discusses how using native plants can help conserve water and protect natural habitats while providing beauty and benefits for wildlife. An annotated checklist is then provided describing over 50 native plant species, their growth habits, environmental preferences, landscape uses, and value as a food source or habitat for local animals. The checklist covers trees, shrubs, vines, ferns, grasses, flowers and other plant types suitable for the region.
Eva Rose Montane: What to do to keep your western gardenEva Montane
This document provides seasonal maintenance tips for dryland plants and xeric gardens. Some key points include:
- Prune woody plants in late winter while dormant, being careful not to prune certain plants every year.
- Mulch in the spring to keep weeds out and moisture in, using bark or wood mulch at 3-4 inches deep.
- Prolong perennial blooms by pruning them as needed.
- Leave plant stalks and leaves in the fall until fully brown before cutting back to avoid removing nutrients still inside.
- Certain shrubs require little to no maintenance from year to year.
This document provides an overview of several plant families, including their key characteristics, examples of plants in each family, and typical growing environments. It discusses the Asteraceae/Daisy family, Lamiaceae/Mint family, Rosaceae/Rose family, Apiaceae/Carrot and Parsley family, Fabaceae/Pea family, Solanaceae/Deadly Nightshade family, Urticaceae/Nettle family, Verbenaceae, Zingiberaceae/Ginger family, Violaceae/Violet family, Orchidaceae, and Liliaceae/Lily family. Each family is briefly described with 1-2 representative photos.
The document describes the key characteristics of the Fabaceae family of flowering plants. It notes that Fabaceae includes trees, shrubs and herbs found worldwide in temperate and tropical areas. The leaves are usually alternate and compound. The flowers typically have 5 sepals and 5 overlapping petals in a distinctive pattern, with 10 stamens that are joined or separate. The pistil consists of a single style and ovary above multiple ovules. Economically important plants in this family include beans, peas, carob, and various trees.
This document provides information on selecting and caring for water-efficient native plants for the Intermountain West region. It discusses choosing plants that are adapted to the local climate and conditions, and that provide benefits like pollinator habitat, wildlife food sources, and reduced water and resource demands. Care tips emphasize using mulch, watering infrequently, and avoiding fertilizers. Specific plant profiles give details on suitable growing conditions and maintenance for over 50 native shrub, tree, perennial, and grass species.
This document summarizes information about the Chaparral Currant shrub, including that it is native to coastal mountain foothills and ranges in California and Baja Mexico, grows to 6-8 feet tall and wide, and has pink flowers from November to March followed by purple-black berries in spring. It is drought tolerant once established and attracts birds and pollinators to its flowers and fruits. It requires full sun to part shade and any well-draining soil, and can be pruned or cut back when dormant.
Similar to Guidelines for pruning native plants (20)
The document describes the progression of a native garden called Mother Nature's Montrose Garden over several years from 2018-2022. It started with establishing native plants like a hedgerow in 2019. In subsequent years, more native shrubs, perennials and vegetables were planted, along with gravel paths. By 2022, the hedgerow had filled in and bare spots were left for ground-nesting animals, providing food and habitat for local wildlife.
The garden is a showcase of plants that thrive during different seasons of the year. In spring, tulips and daffodils bloom while summer brings tomatoes, peppers and flowers like zinnias and marigolds. The garden allows visitors to observe how the landscape changes throughout the year as different flowers, vegetables and trees transition between seasons.
Lance-leaf Coreopsis is a herbaceous perennial wildflower native to eastern North America and the Midwest. It has bright green, lacy foliage and produces numerous flat yellow ray and disc flowers from May through the warm season. It is drought tolerant and attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies. Lance-leaf Coreopsis is often used in mixed flower beds, prairie plantings, and near paths or vegetable gardens where it provides cover and food for birds. It requires full sun to part shade and any well-drained soil in water zones 2-3.
Sulfur-flowered buckwheat is a perennial sub-shrub native to western North America. It has rounded evergreen leaves and produces bright sulfur yellow flowers from late spring to summer that attract pollinators. It is drought tolerant and well-suited for hot, dry conditions in gardens, making it a sensible substitute for non-native water-wise plants. As a habitat plant, it provides food and cover for birds and small animals. Sulfur-flowered buckwheat requires full sun, rocky soil, very occasional water, and little other maintenance once established.
Redosier dogwood is a native shrub that grows well along streams, lakes, and forest openings throughout much of northern North America. It has upright stems, oval green leaves that turn yellow to purple in fall, and attractive red bark on young stems. Small white or cream flowers in late spring attract pollinators and produce small blue or white fruits that persist through winter providing food for birds. Redosier dogwood is often used for its winter color and fruit, and makes a good choice for hedges, wildlife habitat, or areas needing moisture tolerance like pond edges. It requires full sun to part shade and tolerates a variety of soil and water conditions with little other maintenance needed.
This document discusses the seasonal characteristics of the plant Krascheninnikovia lanata, noting that it flowers in winter, produces seeds in summer as a summer plant, grows new leaves, and its fall foliage and seeds are also mentioned, with a late fall mention of it being seen alongside Purple Coneflower.
Winterfat is a perennial sub-shrub native to western North America that grows from 1-3 feet tall. It has small, narrow gray-green leaves with wooly hairs that provide foliage year-round and turn gold in color. Small wind-pollinated flowers bloom late spring through summer. Winterfat is drought tolerant and can grow in a variety of soils and elevations from 1000-9000 feet. It requires full sun and little water once established. Winterfat provides excellent habitat for birds and winter browse for animals.
Bouteloua gracilis, commonly known as blue grama, is a warm season perennial grass native to North America. A cultivar of blue grama called 'Blond Ambition' was developed to have attractive blond-colored flowers and foliage throughout the growing season, making it a showier selection for ornamental grass gardens and drought-tolerant landscaping. 'Blond Ambition' remains a low-growing grass reaching only 6-12 inches in height.
Blue grama is a native perennial grass found throughout western North America. It grows 1-2 feet tall and wide, forming individual bunches or a turf-like sod. The fine-textured green leaves fade to tan during summer drought but green up again with rain. From May to August it produces red-purple flowers that form into seed-heads resembling tiny brushes. Blue grama can be used as an ornamental grass, in meadows, rock gardens, or as a low-maintenance native turf grass. It provides habitat and food for birds and butterflies.
This document discusses three cultivars of Philadelphus lewisii, or mock orange, that were planted and observed for one year in Montrose, Colorado. The cultivars discussed are 'Blizzard', which was planted and observed for one year, and 'Cheyenne', which was also planted and observed for one year.
This document discusses water zone (hydro-zone) gardening, which involves grouping plants together based on their water needs. This allows a gardener to save water by reducing irrigation in some areas while providing each plant with the water it requires. The document outlines four water zones based on annual precipitation: zone 1 for little to no irrigation (<10 inches/year), zone 2 for infrequent water (10-20 inches/year), zone 3 for occasional water (20-30 inches/year), and zone 4 for regular water (>30 inches/year). It provides examples of plant types and suitable irrigation methods for each zone. The document encourages gardeners to analyze their yard conditions and existing plant water needs to determine the best layout of
The document provides tips for planting native plants successfully. It recommends moistening the soil before planting. It also suggests digging a hole slightly wider than the plant's pot and not amending the soil. The tips include gently removing the plant from the pot, loosening its roots, ensuring the potting soil is level with the ground, firmly filling in the hole with soil, and watering in the new plant.
Epilobium canum is a species of flowering plant known as Hummingbird Trumpet. It is a perennial herb native to western North America that grows upright stems up to 3 feet tall. The plant produces tubular red flowers in summer that attract hummingbirds and other pollinators.
Chocolate flower is a perennial herb native to parts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. It grows 1-2 feet tall and wide, with gray-green leaves and sunflower-like yellow flowers that open during cool parts of the day, emitting a scent of dark chocolate. It is drought tolerant, requiring full sun and well-drained soil, and attracts pollinators like hummingbirds. It makes a good choice for hot, dry gardens as a border plant, in rock gardens, or to attract wildlife.
Mentha arvensis, commonly known as wild mint or field mint, is a species of mint that grows wild in fields and other grassy areas in much of Europe, Asia, North America, and North Africa. It is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows from a creeping rhizome system and produces pink or white flowers and aromatic leaves that have a minty scent similar to cultivated mint varieties. The leaves and flowering tops are sometimes used fresh or dried as a culinary herb to flavor foods and beverages.
Wild mint is a perennial herb that spreads via rhizomes to form large colonies. It has bright green, crinkled leaves with a strong mint scent and tiny white to pink bell-shaped flowers. Wild mint grows well in moist areas at higher elevations and spreads easily, so it is best grown in containers. It can be used to make tea or flavor cooking and repels insects. Bees and butterflies are attracted to its nectar and it provides good habitat for birds. Wild mint requires full sun, tolerates a range of soil pH, and regular watering.
Golden currant is a shrub in the gooseberry family that produces yellow flowers in early spring followed by small red berries. It grows 3 to 5 feet tall and prefers partial shade and moist, well-drained soil. Golden currant provides early nectar for pollinators and its fall foliage color ranges from yellow to orange.
Silver buffaloberry is a shrub native to western North America. It produces edible berries and its leaves are used medicinally by some Native American tribes. The document provides a one sentence description of the plant Shepherdia argentea and indicates it is from the year 2019.
Procrastination is a common challenge that many individuals face when it comes to completing tasks and achieving goals. It can hinder productivity and lead to feelings of stress and frustration.
However, with the right strategies and mindset, it is possible to overcome procrastination and increase productivity.
In this article, we will explore the causes of procrastination, how to recognize the signs of procrastination in oneself, and effective strategies for overcoming procrastination and boosting productivity.
You may be stressed about revealing your cancer diagnosis to your child or children.
Children love stories and these often provide parents with a means of broaching tricky subjects and so the ‘The Secret Warrior’ book was especially written for CANSA TLC, by creative writer and social worker, Sally Ann Carter.
Find out more:
https://cansa.org.za/resources-to-help-share-a-parent-or-loved-ones-cancer-diagnosis-with-a-child/
ProSocial Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
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Understanding of Self - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Aggression - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
As we navigate through the ebbs and flows of life, it is natural to experience moments of low motivation and dwindling passion for our goals.
However, it is important to remember that this is a common hurdle that can be overcome with the right strategies in place.
In this guide, we will explore ways to rekindle the fire within you and stay motivated towards your aspirations.
Strategies to rekindle the fire inside you and stay motivated.pdf
Guidelines for pruning native plants
1. Guidelines for Pruning and Managing Native S. California Plants
Tip-pruning (pinching)
to promote bushy, full
growth
Model: browsing of new
growth by birds, animals
Needed to produce bushy, well-shaped
plant
Lightly tip-prune young shoots to
promote fuller shape
Lightly tip-prune young plants to
promote fuller shape
Gambelia (Galvezia) speciosa (Island
Snapdragon)
During active growth
season
All plants
Take care to sterilize tools after
pruning diseased branches; in
general, prune as little as possible with
most native plants
Fremontodentron species
Model: removal of dead
& diseased branches by
wind, water
Any time needed for
health & safety;
dormant season
often best, but do
not prune during
rainy periods if
possible
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Epilobium canum (CA Fuschia)
Removing dead,
diseased or crossed
branches; safety
concerns
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Diplicus/Mimulus (Monkeyflowers)
Type of pruning
Tip prune to shape, encourage full
growth
Lepechinia fragrans (Fragrant Pitcher Sage)
Pinch tips to promote full growth
Plants in Mint Family (Monardella species;
Clinopodium/Satureja – Yerba Buena; )
Pinch tips to promote full growth
* Pinus species (CA native pines)
Remove 1/3 to ½ of the new growth
(the ‘candle’) to promote bushy
growth; remove entire candle to
eliminate elongation of a branch
Ribes viburnifolium (Catalina perfume)
Pinch tips to promote full growth
Trichostema lanatum (Woolly Blue Curls)
Pinch tips of young plants to promote
full growth
2. Pruning to shape or
train: particularly
important for young
plants
Best during dormant
season in fall or
winter; do not prune
during rainy periods
if possible
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Prune to shape when plant is young –
first 1-3 years will determine final
shape
Cercocarpus species (Mountain Mahogany)
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Most trees and woody shrubs, vines
Type of pruning
Can be pruned & trained to shape
Clematis species (Virgin’s Bower)
* Cornus species (Dogwoods)
Lonicera species (Native Honeysuckles)
* Pinus species (CA native pines)
Prunus ilicifolia (Holly-leaf Cherry)
Rhus ovata (Sugar Bush)
Can be trained, even espaliered
Prune to shape when young
Can be trained, even espaliered
Remove branches to shape
Can be trained, even espaliered
Can be trained, even espaliered
Rhus integrifolia (Lemonadeberry)
Can be trained, even espaliered
Ribes species (Currants & Gooseberries)
Model: none in nature
Quercus species (oaks)
Remove branches to shape,
particularly in young plants; can be
espaliered
Prune as little as possible; remove no
more than 10-15% of mass in one
season
Vitis species (Wild Grapes)
Best in summer
after blooming
season
Can be pruned & trained to shape
Ceanothus species
Selectively prune branches back to
trunk for shaping.
Many flowering perennials
Light Pruning/
’Deadheading’:
remove old flowering
heads/stalks
Model: grazing of seed
heads by birds & animals
Ceanothus species
As plants finish
flowering
Diplacus/Mimulus (Monkeyflowers)
Gambelia (Galvezia) speciosa (Island
Snapdragon)
Penstemons
* Philadelphus lewisii (Mock Orange)
Remove spent seed heads & flowering
stalks back to first set of healthy
leaves; save seeds or scatter for
reseeding & bird food
Deadhead to improve appearance,
plant vigor
As above; promotes second bloom
Deadhead as flowers fade; promotes
prolonged bloom.
As above; promotes second bloom
Deadhead as flowers fade; promotes
prolonged bloom.
Succulent plants (Agave, Dudleya)
Deadhead to improve appearance, or
later to provide seed for birds
Verbena lilacina
As above; nearly year-round blooms
3. Type of pruning
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Any flowering native plant
Light Pruning/
’Deadheading’:
remove old flowering
heads/stalks
* Abutilon palmeri
In fall/winter, after
seeds have been
eaten or collected
* Artemisia pynocephala ‘David’s Choice’
Eriogonum species (Buckwheats)
Penstemons
Salvias (Sages) – Salvia apiana (White
Sage); Salvia leucophylla (Purple Sage);
Salvia mellifera (Black Sage)
Artemisia californica (CA Sagebrush)
Adenostoma fasciculatum (Chamise)
Baccharis species (Mule Fat; Coyote Bush
Thinning: moderate,
selective pruning
(removing at least 1/3
of growth) to promote
fuller growth & control
size**
Model: significant
browsing by rabbits,
deer, etc.
Berberis species
Ceanothus species
Usually when plant
is dormant, in fall or
winter
Cercocarpus species (Mountain Mahogany)
Dendromecon harfordii
Diplacus/Mimulus (Shrubby Monkeyflowers)
Keckiella species (Climbing Penstemons)
Malacothamnus species (Bush Mallows)
Monardella species (Coyote Mints)
* Perityle incana (Guadalupe Island Rock
Daisy)
Ribes aureum
Rosa californica (CA Wild Rose)
* Sphaeralcea ambigua (Apricot/Desert
Mallow)
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Remove spent blooms to improve
appearance
tip-pruning & light pruning for shape
Cut back flowering stalks to first set of
healthy leaves
Remove spent flower stalks
Remove spent flower stalks to ground
after seeds are gone
Remove spent seed heads/flowering
stalks back to first set of healthy
leaves
Remove top ½ of branch length; do
not cut into old wood. For ‘Canyon
Gray’ remove central upright branches
as they appear.
Prune to shape as needed, late summer
Thin entire branches (for shaping) or
remove up to 1/3 of branch length to
encourage new growth
Prune out old canes to promote new
growth; leave new canes with buds
Prune branches back to trunk for
shaping.
Remove unwanted trunks to base;
remove branches to thin
Selectively prune outer branches; tipprune upper shoots
Cut back to 4-6 in. above old wood
(leave 4-6 buds)
Prune by 1/2
Remove top 1/3 of plant
Remove long, leggy stems
Cut back by 1/3 each year to keep
plant neat and vigorous
Cut old canes (3 years old) to ground,
leaving younger canes to flower
Selectively prune to thin
Prune back to 4-6 inches after
blooming
4. Type of pruning
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Clematis species (Virgin’s Bower)
Constancea/Eriphyllum nevinii (Catalina
Silverlace)
Spring
Lepechina species (Pitcher Sages)
Moderate, selective
pruning (removing at
least 1/3 of growth)
to promote fuller
growth & control
size**
* Carpenteria californica (Bush anemone)
Heteromeles arbutifolia (Toyon)
* Justicia californica (Chuparose)
After blooming in
late summer
Hedge-shearing as
needed. Most of these
plants do not require
hedge-shearing, but
will tolerate light to
moderate shearing
Model: browsing of new
growth by rabbits, deer
Eriodictyon species (Yerba Santa)
Keckiella cordifolia
* Philadelphus lewisii (Mock Orange)
Prunus ilicifolia (Holly-leaf Cherry)
Salvia species - * Salvia clevelandii
(Cleveland Sage, including ‘Winifred
Gilman’); faster-growing shrubby hybrids of
S. clevelandii (‘Allen Chickering’; ‘Aromas’;
‘Ponzo Blue’)
Atriplex lentiformis
As needed during
the growth season,
or (better) once a
year after plant has
completed yearly
growth, flowering
and fruiting
(fall/winter).
Berberis nevinii (Nevin’s Barberry)
Cercocarpus species (Mountain Mahogany)
* Garrya (Silk Tassel)
* Juniperus californicus
* Myrica californica (Wax Myrtle)
Prunus ilicifolia (Holly-leaf Cherry)
* Rhamnus species (Coffee- & Red-berry)
Rhus ovata (Sugar Bush)
Rhus integrifolia (Lemonadeberry)
* Umbellelaria californica (CA Bay)
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Prune out over-long branches in early
spring
Prune branches back to 3-6 sets of
sprouting leaves. Early spring
Prune only as needed to shape to 2-4
inches above old wood. Spring or early
summer only.
Prune by ½, early spring or after
flowering; see ‘Shearing’ for
Lepechinia calycona ‘Rocky Point’
Cut stems to 1/3 to ½ of length
following blooming
Selectively prune to open foliage;
remove suckers
Selectively remove older branches to
promote next year’s blooms
Can cut back stems to 6 in. stubs in
summer
Selectively remove old canes
Selectively prune to open foliage
Remove outer ¼ to 1/3 of branch
length yearly, starting with young
plants
Can be lightly to moderately hedgesheared in winter
Shear to hedge in fall
Can be hedge-sheared;
Can be hedge-sheared;
Can be lightly hedge-sheared in winter
after fruiting
Can be hedge-sheared;
Can be moderately hedge-sheared;
Can be hedge-sheared after fruiting
Can be very lightly hedge-sheared;
Can be hedge-sheared;
Can be hedge-sheared;
5. Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Mow or cut back to 2-4 inches
Anemopsis californica (Yerba Mansa)
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Achillea millefolium (Yarrow)
Type of pruning
Mow or cut back to 2-4 inches
Artemisia douglasiana (Mugwort)
* Calycanthus occidentalis (Spicebush)
Encelia californica (CA Encelia)
Yearly shearing or
mowing (regularly
removing much of new
growth),
Cut back spent stems nearly to the
ground
Can be sheared to shape, even hedgesheared
Cut back to 4-6 in each fall for shrubby
full shape
Can be cut back to 6 inches in late
winter to promote lush foliage
Grindelia species (Gumplant)
Cut back flowering stems or shear
almost to the ground
Heterotheca (perennial)
Shear with scissors or weed trimmer
Iris douglasii (and cultivars)
Old leaves can be cut to several inches
yearly (never pull off)
Lepechinia calycona ‘Rocky Point’
Cut back to 4-6 inch stubs
Mimulus cardinalis (Scarlet Monkeyflower)
When plant is
dormant or has
completed flowering
& growth, in late
summer through fall
or even early winter
Gambelia (Galvezia) speciosa (Island
Snapdragon)
Cut back stems to 1-2 inches
Sisyrinchium bellum (Blue-eyed Grass); also
* S. californicum (Yellow-eyed grass)
Cut back spent flowering stalks to the
ground yearly once established
Cut back to ground when dormant for
tidier appearance
Solanum species (Nightshades)
Cut flowering stalks to base of plant
Salvia spathacea (Hummingbird Sage)
Model: severe browsing
by rabbits, deer.
Venegasia carpesioides (Canyon Sunflower)
Baccharis pilularis (Coyote Bush)
Epilobium species
In winter, after
flowering/fruiting
Heteromeles arbutifolia (Toyon)
* Lonicera involucrate (Twinberry)
* Romneya coulteri (Matilija Poppy)
Solidago species (goldenrods)
Cut back to 4-6 inches yearly to
promote bushy shape, flowering
Easily hedge-sheared; can even be
used to topiary
Yearly to 1-2 in. tall
Selectively prune to open foliage;
remove suckers at base
Cut back to 4-6 inches for more
flowers and better form
Prune back entire plant to 4-6 in. tall
just prior to re-growth season
Cut back spent foliage to ground after
flowering
6. Recommended every 3-5 years; cut
back to 6-12 inches
* Myrica californica (Wax Myrtle)
Coppice older plants to rejuvenate in
late fall/winter
* Carpenteria californica (Bush Anemone)
Coppice older plants to rejuvenate
* Rhamnus californica
Coppice older plants to rejuvenate
Coppice older plants to rejuvenate
Rhus ovata (Sugar Bush)
Coppice older plants to rejuvenate
Sambucus cerulea (Blue Elderberry)
Cut back nearly to ground every year
or two for a shrubby (as opposed to
tree-like) form
Comarostaphylis diversifolia (Summer Holly)
Model: fire, flood or
other extreme
disturbance event
Can coppice old, woody plants when
needed
Rhus integrifolia (Lemonade Berry)
Severe pruning to
rejuvenate plants –
occasional
Prune back to 4-8 inches (several sets
of leaves) when new growth first
appears; as needed when plants
become leggy
Baccharis pilularis (Coyote Bush)
Late winter/early
spring – just prior to
the growth period
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Baccharis salicifolia (Mule Fat)
Time of year
Specific plants/plant groups
Many sub-shrubs & perennials in Asteraceae
(Sunfower), Lamiaceae (Mint) families
Type of pruning
Cut back old plant to basal burl to
rejuvenate
* Cornus species
Heteromeles arbutifolia (Toyon)
Summer/early fall –
after the bloom
period
* Philadelphus lewisii (Mock Orange)
Can prune heavily to rejuvenate as
needed
Cut back severely only to rejuvenate
an old, leggy plant; coppice to produce
a low, mounded shrub
Cut back plants with sparse, woody
foliage to promote dense new growth;
recommended about every 5 years
Ribes viburnifolium (Catalina perfume)
Cut old plants back severely with
string trimmer to rejuvenate
Rosa californica (CA Wild Rose)
Cut old plants to the ground to
rejuvenate
7. Type of pruning
Time of year
Severe pruning to
rejuvenate plants –
occasional
Specific plants/plant groups
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Cleome isomeris/Isomeris arborea
(Bladderpod)
Coppice plants with sparse foliage to
promote dense new growth
Old plants may be coppiced to
rejuvenate
Dendromecon harfordii
Risky
Berberis species
Eriogonum species (Buckwheats)
Heuchera maxima (and cultivars/hybrids
that become tall & leggy)
Fall/winter – during
dormancy
* Iva hayesiana (San Diego marsh Elder)
Keckiella species
Lyonothamnus species (Ironwoods)
Malacothamnus species (Bush Mallows)
Rosa californica (CA Wild Rose)
Cutting back to 2-4 inches may
rejuvenate – but may kill plant
Cut longer stems back to 1 inch as
needed (every 2-5 years)
Shear or mow back to the crown when
becomes woody (every 4-5 yr)
Cut back severely to rejuvenate old,
woody plants
Old plants may be cut back to basal
burl to rejuvenate
Coppice older colonies (clones) that
are experiencing die-back
Can be cut back severely to rejuvenate
plant
Symphorocarpus species (Snowberries)
Dividing plants with
corms, bulbs,
rhizomes & plantlets.
Divisions, plants &
bulbs can be planted
up for new plants
Model: foraging of rooteating animals like
skunks, bears
Late summer/early
fall
Cut back to several inches to
rejuvenate old woody patches
Most native bulbs and corms (Allium;
Bloomeria; Brodiaea; Chlorogalum;
Dichelostemma; Tritelia)
Dig up every 2-3 years; scatter small
bulbs/corms or plant in pots
Iris douglasii (and cultivars)
Fern species (native)
Fall/Winter
Fragaria species (Wild Strawberries)
Carefully divide when new white roots
appear after fall rains begin. Replant
promptly.
Divide woody roots; dig up plants
carefully
Remove plantlets when adequate roots
have formed in fall/winter
Most bunchgrasses (Calamagrostis; Festuca;
Leymus; Melica; Nasella) Rushes (Juncus)
and sedges (Carex)
Divide clumps, making sure each
clump has a good rootball
Heuchera species
Dig up parent plant; carefully divide
and replant daughter plants
8. Type of pruning
Dividing plants with
corms, bulbs,
rhizomes & plantlets.
Fall/Winter, cont.
Removing old foliage
(leaves) in late fall
to improve
appearance
Specific plants/plant groups
Specific Pruning
Recommendations/Notes
Sisyrinchium species
Time of year
Divide clumps; plant plantlets as they
begin to root
Succulent plants & cacti (Agave, Dudleya,
Opuntia)
Wetland species (Equisetum (Scouring
rushes); Schoenoplectus/Scirpus (Tules);
Typha (cattails);
Most native spreading (rhizomatous)
perennial grasses & some bunch grasses
(Calamagrostis; Festuca; Muhlenbergia) and
Carex spissa (San Diego Sedge)
Carefully remove ‘pups’ in fall
Carefully divide when new roots
appear after fall rains begin. Replant
promptly.
Remove dead leaves by gently raking
Model: browsing by deer;
occasional cooler fires
To improve appearance, use scissors
or pruning shears cut dead ‘thatchy’
leaves to the ground, leaving new
sprouting leaves.
Occasional mowing
during growth
season
A few native grasses & sedges (Bouteloua;
Carex; Distichlis; Leymus triticoides)
Cut high (4-6 inches tall) several times
during growing season
Rejuvenating
overgrown clumps of
bunchgrass in fall
(after seeds have
dispersed)
Most native bunchgrasses & Spikerush:
Aristida, Eleocharis, Festuca, Muhlenbergia,
Nassella, Sporobolus
Cut back clump to 4-6 inch height
using pruning shears every 2-5 years
(when plants become large and lose
vigor)
Carex species (all but Carex spissa);
Equisetum;
Cut back to several inches every 1-2
years, as needed
Juncus species (rushes)
Cut back oldest leaves to ground very
occasionally (3-5 years)
Leymus condensatus ‘Canyon Prince’
Removing dead leaves
& rejuvenating
grasses & grass-like
plants
Most native perennial bunchgrasses
(Deschampsia; Melica; Nassella; Poa;
Sporobolus )
Cut back to 2-4 in. every year or every
other year when dead leaves build up
Rejuvenating other
native grasses,
sedges & rushes
10/28/10
* Plant is a California native, but is not native to southwestern Los Angeles county
** Over the long run, pruning to limit size does not work well for most CA native plants