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Grasses lawn substitutes-1-11
- 1. South Bay NativeGrasses and Other CA Native Lawn Substitutes for Western L.A. County I Scientific Name Common Name Size Flower/ season Light* * Soil Water Zone+ Availability Notes Perennial Groundcover Plants (low; can be used as low groundcover in place of lawn) X Achillea millefolia X X * Clinopodium (Satureja) chandleri Clinopodium (Satureja) douglasii ** Erigeron glaucus X ‘Bountiful’, ‘Sea Breeze’, Yarrow 1-2 ft White/ Spr-Su Light mow FS/PS Welldrained 1-2 most Alkali soils fine San Miguel Savory 1-2 ft tall 2-3 ft wide White/Spr PS/ FSH Welldrained 1-2 to 2-3 3, 14 Minty; attractive foliage Yerba buena < 6 in 3-4 ft wide White/Spr-Su PS/ FSH Welldrained 2-3 to 3 1, 3, 7, 13, 14 Neat; spreading Seaside Daisy <1 ft tall 2 ft wide Lavernder/ Spr-Fa FS/PS /FSH Welldrained 1-2 to 3 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14 Attractive flowers, foliage; habitat (Pacific) Coast Strawberry < 1 ft spreading White/Sp-Su 1, 3, 8, 13 Let dry between waterings; edible fruit CA/Wood Strawberry < 2 ft spreading White/Su PS/ FSH 1, 13, 20 Edible fruit White/Spr PS/PS / FSH Pink/Spr PS/PS / FSH 'Wayne Roderick' * Fragaria chiloensis X ssp. pacifica (and cultivars) X X * Fragaria vesca (californica) * Heuchera maxima (many cultivars/hybrids) X * Heuchera micrantha Island Alumroot Crevice Alumroot 1- 3 ft 1-3 ft PS Sandy best any Any, incl. clays 1-2 to 2-3 1-2 to 3 1-2 to 2-3 See note 1, 3, 7, 8, 13, 14 1, 3, 8 2-3 to 3 Well-drained soil Grasses and Grass-like Plants (rushes, sedges); includes both bunching (‘Ornamental Grass’) and sod-forming species * Achnatherum coronatum Giant Ricegrass/ Giant Needlegrass 2-4 ft ; flower 4-6 ft * Achnatherum speciosum Desert Needlegrass 1-3 ft Agrostis exarata Spike Bentgrass 1-4 ft tall X Agrostis pallens Seashore Bentgrass; Thin Grass 1-2 ft tall X cool-season perennial bunchgrass cool-season perennial bunchgrass Cool-season perennial bunchgrass cool-season perennial bunchgrass Can be mowed FS Welldrained FS Sandy best FS/PS FS/PS 10, 13 Short-lived 1 to 1-2 10, 13, 16 Long-lived; selfsows freely Not alkali 1-2 to 3 10, 16 Not alkali 1-2 to 2-3 1 to 2 4, 10, 13, 16 'Camp Pendelton' 1
- 2. Scientific Name Common Name Size Flower/ season *Aristida adscensionis Six-weeks threeawn 1-2 ft tall Cool-season Annual * Aristida purpurea var. parishii & purpurea Purple Three-awn 1-2 ft tall & wide Warm-season perennial bunchgrass Bothriochloa (Andropogon) barbinodis Cane beardgrass 2-4 ft tall 1-3 ft wide X * Bouteloua gracilis Blue Gramma 1-2 ft tall X Bromus arizonicus Arizona Brome 1-2 ft tall & wide I X Warm-season Perennial bunchgrass Warm-season Perennial bunch/sod grass Perennial bunchgrass Light mow Light* * Soil Water Zone+ FS Welldrained 1-2 FS/PS Welldrained; sandy 1-2 to 2 FS Welldrained FS/PS FS/PS Availability Notes 10, 16 1, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14 (1, 7, 8 var. purpurea) Seeds stick to pets 1-2 to 2-3 7, 8, 11, 13, 20 Coarse-looking Any 1-2 to 2-3 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 13, 16 Any 1-2 10 Reseeds; cover grass; FS/PS Any 1-2 5, 10, 13, 14, 16 Cover; cultivars ‘Deborah’; ‘Luval’ ‘Cucamonga’ is annual 1, 3, 8, 13 Nice foliage color X Bromus carinatus California Brome 2-3 ft tall & wide Perennial bunchgrass Light mow X * Calamagrostis foliosa Leafy (Mendocino) Reed Grass 1-2 ft tall & wide cool-season bunchgrass FS/PS Welldrained 2-3 Pacific Reed Grass 3-4 ft tall & wide cool-season bunchgrass FS/PS Welldrained 2-3 to 3 1, 4, 5, 8, 13 Can plant densely 1-2 ft tall to 3 ft w Evergreen sod sedge FS/PS Any 2 to 3 3, 8, 13, 16 May be invasive (containerize) 1-3 ft tall Cool-season sod sedge PS/ FSH Sandy 2 to 3 3, 4 Sand Dune Sedge 1 ft tall shear 1-2 time/ yr Cool-season clump sedge FS/PS Very sandy 2 to 2-3 X Carex praegracilis Clustered Field Sedge/CA Meadow Sedge 1-2 ft tall Cool-season, sod sedge FS/PS Clays best 2-3 1, 2, 4, 7, 13 X * Carex spissa San Diego Sedge 2-4 ft tall 2-3 ft wide Cool-season, sod sedge FS/PS /FSH Clays best 1 to 3 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 X * Calamagrostis nutkaensis X * Carex barbarae * Carex nudata * Carex pansa (C. X praegracilis sometimes Santa Barbara Sedge California Blackflowering Sedge mislabled as this) 3, 4, 6, 8 Can grow in water Tolerates seasonal flooding Substitute for Pampas Grass 2
- 3. Scientific Name Common Name Size Flower/ season Light* * Soil XCarex tumulicola Berkeley Sedge 2 ft tall & wide Cool-season, sod sedge FS/PS /FSH any Umbrella Sedge/ Tall Flat-sedge 2-4 ft tall clumping Warm-season, sod sedge FS.PS any California Oatgrass 2-3 ft tall Cool-season perennial bunchgrass Tufted hairgrass 1-2 ft tall & wide X Deschampsia elongata Slender Hairgrass 2-4 ft tall * Deschampsia X holciformis (D. cespitosa Pacific Hairgrass 1-3 ft tall X Distichlis spicata Saltgrass Eleocharis macrostachya Eleocharis montevidensis var. montevidensis I Cyperus eragrostis X * Danthonia Californica Water Zone+ Availability Notes 1-2 to 3 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 Good for sand and shade 1-2 to 3 7, 10, 13 FS/PS any 2 to 3 FS/PS any 1-2 to 2-3 1, 4-8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 18 PS/ FSH any 2-3 to 3 1 – dies back 5, 10, 13, 16 Fine-texture; very green Cool-season perennial bunchgrass FS any 2-3 to 3 5, 8, 10, 13, 16 Salt-tolerant 1 ft tall spreading Warm-season, sod grass Can mow FS any 1 to 2-3 2, 3, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16 Can be mowed Common Spikerush 1-2 ft tall spreading Cool-season, sod sedge FS Any 1-2 to 3 1, 2, 7, 10, 13, 16 Excellent for damp areas Sand Spikerush 1-2 ft tall spreading Cool-season, sod sedge FS/PS Any 1-2 to 3 9 X Elymus glaucus Blue (Western) Wildrye 2-4 ft tall 1-2 ft wide Cool-season bunchgrass PS/FS H Any; not shallow 1-2 to 2-3 3, 4, 5, 10, 13, 14, 16 X Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Horsetail 2-5 ft tall spreading Perennial Clays best 2-3 to 3 2, 8 X * Festuca californica CA Fescue <1-2 ft tall 1-3 ft wide Cool-season bunchgrass FS/PS any 1-2 to 2-3 1, 5, 7, 10, 13, 14, 16, 19 ‘Phil’s Silver’, 'Horse Mountain Green', 'Serpentine Blue' X * Festuca idahoensis Blue Bunchgrass < 1 ft tall & wide Cool-season bunchgrass FS/PS any 2 to 3 1, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 20 ‘Warren Peak’, ‘Siskiyou Blue’ X * Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. hociformis) X Cool-season perennial bunchgrass Cool-season perennial bunchgrass FS 6, 8, 10 Evergreen; tolerates walking; good for small areas Salt-sensitive; coarse-looking; re-seeds well 3
- 4. Light* Common Name Size Flower/ season X *Festuca rubra Red Fescue 1-2 ft tall spreading Cool-season bunch/sod grass; can mow FS/PS Any Hordeum X brachyantherum ssp. californicum CA Meadow Barley 1-2 ft tall & wide Cool-season bunch FS any Hordeum depressum Dwarf (Alkali) Barley 1-2 ft tall < 1 ft wide Cool-season annual FS Hordeum intercedens Bobtail (Vernal) Barley 1-2 ft tall < 1 ft wide Cool-season annual FS X Isolepis (Scirpus) cernuus Fiber Optic Grass; Miniature Tule 1 ft tall 1-2 ft wide Cool-season, sod rush; cut back in winter PS/ FSH X Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii Spiny Rush 2-5 ft tall & wide Cool-season, sod rush FS/PS Any incl. alk./salty X Juncus balticus Baltic Rush 1-3 ft tall 1-2 ft w. Sod rush FS X * Juncus bolanderi Bolander’s Rush 1-2 ft tall Perennial rhizome rush Toad Rush < 1 ft tall & wide X * Juncus effusus Bog/Common Rush X Juncus mexicanus Notes 1-2 to 3 3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16 Easy; Bluegreen; ‘Molate’ ‘Patrick’s Point’, ‘Jughandle’ 1-2 to 2-3 16 (other vars./unk at 5, 10, 13) Good for erosion control 1-2 to 3 16 Good for erosion control 1 to 1-2 16 Good for erosion control 3, 4, 13 good for pond edges 2-3 3, 10, 14, 16 Sharp tips; good barrier plant Any incl. alk./salty 2-3 3, 16 FS Any incl. salty 2-3 to 3 1, 13 Annual rush FS Any incl. salty 1-2 to 3 10, 16 1-3 ft tall & wide Perennial rhizome rush FS/PS Mexican Rush < 1 ft tall & wide Perennial rhizome rush FS Any incl. salty X Juncus patens Common Rush 1-3 ft tall & wide FS X Juncus textilis Basket Rush 3-5 ft tall 3-8 ft wide X Juncus xiphioides Iris-leaf rush 1 ½ ft tall spreading X Scientific Name Juncus bufonius var bufonius & congesta Spreading/ bunching perennial rush Spreading/ bunching perennial rush Spreading rush * Soil Water Zone+ Availability I Any incl. alkali, salt Any incl. alkali, salt Sandy best Any; sandy best 2-3 to 3 1-2 to 3 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 14 1-2 to 2-3 2-3 to 3 1, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 19 FS/PS Any 2-3 to 3 1, 14 FS/PS Any 1-2 to 3 Good around pools; ‘Quartz Creek’ 3, 10, 14, 16 Any Showy seedheads 2, 3, 8, 13, 16 ‘Carmen’s Gray’ is blue-gray; ‘Elk’s Blue’ Showy; Good for wet planter, pondside Best contained if watered 4
- 5. Scientific Name Common Name Size Flower/ season XKoeleria macrantha Prairie Junegrass 1-3 ft tall & wide Cool-season bunchgrass X Leymus condensatus Giant Rye Grass 4-6 ft tall & wide X Leymus triticoides Creeping Wild Rye < 3 ft tall spreading X Melica imperfecta Coastal Melic Grass 1-2 ft tall 1 ft wide Cool season bunchgrass Little-seed Muhly To 2 ft Annual/shortlived perenn.; cool season Deergrass 2-4 ft tall & wide I Muhlenbergia microsperma X * Muhlenbergia rigens X Nassella cernua X Nassella lepida Nodding Needlegrass Foothill Needlegrass Warm- season perennial sodgrass Cool-season perennial sodgrass; light mow Light* * Soil FS/PS Any; sandy best FS/PS Any Water Zone+ Availability Notes 1-2 to 2-3 1, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16, 19 Showy 1-2 1, 3, 9, 10, 12, 16 ‘Canyon Prince’ is low-growing Great vernal swale; cultivars ‘Yolo’, ‘Rio’, ‘Gray Dawn’ FS/PS Any 1-2 1, 3, 5, 10, 14, 16 PS Any 1-2 1, 3, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 19 FS/PS Any 1-2 10, 16 Perennial bunchgrass FS Any 1-2 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16 2-3 ft tall & wide Perennial bunchgrass FS/PS any 1 to 1-2 2-3 ft tall & wide 2-3 ft tall & wide Perennial bunchgrass Perennial bunchgrass Cool-season perennial bunchgrass; FS/PS any 1 to 1-2 FS/PS any 1 to 1-2 X * Nassella pulchra Purple Needlegrass X Poa secunda (scabrella) One-sided Bluegrass 1-2 ft tall 1 ft wide X Sporobolus airoides Alkali sacaton 2-3 ft tall 2-4 ft wide Warm-season bunchgrass FS/PS FS/PS welldrained best welldrained best 1 to 1-2 2 to 3 Tolerates seasonal flooding 5, 10, 13, 14, 16 3, 5, 10, 13, 14, 16 3, 5, 10, 13, 14, 16, 2, 10, 16 fine textured; reseeds; light mow 2, 3, 8, 13, 16 Salt-tolerant; alkali fine I : X = Gardening Information Sheet :http://nativeplantscsudh.blogspot.com/p/gallery-of-native-plants.html or at the Madrona Marsh Nature Center * may not be immediately local, but is a CA native plant ++ + ** horticultural cultivar light: FS=full sun; PS=part shade; FSH=full shade Water Zones: 1 = no summer water; 1-2 = very occasional summer water (several times per summer); 2 = let soil dry out between waterings; 2-3 some regular summer water (about once a week); 3 = regular watering/moist soil (like a conventional lawn) Availability: numbers correspond to the Plant and Seed Sources List at: http://nativeplantscsudh.blogspot.com/p/where-to-purchase-native-plants.html 5