This document outlines the syllabus for a Pre-Ph.D Research Methodology examination that is common to all engineering streams including biotechnology and MCA at KL University. The syllabus covers 5 units: (1) introduction to research including the definition, types, and steps of the research process; (2) quantitative methods for problem solving such as statistical modeling and analysis; (3) tabular and graphical description of data; (4) soft computing techniques including genetic algorithms and neural networks; and (5) the structure and components of a research report. The examination will consist of long and short answer questions assessing students' understanding of research methodology concepts and applications across different areas of engineering.
A presentation on research report writing.PRIYANKAVP4
This power point presentation is related to the topic of research report writing. It involves meaning of report writing, its functions and essentialities,types,planning and report writing,format of a research report,preparation of research report,its contents,report writing stages etc.
How to write (and publish) a literature reviewMarcel Bogers
How to write (and publish) your literature review? This presentations distinguishes between three types and purposes of "review": (1) a literature review, as part of an empirical study; (2) a stand-alone review article; and (3) a conceptual or theoretical (non-empirical) article. For each of theses types, it gives an overview of considerations for getting done and published (or rejected).
Ethics in medical sciences research may not always translate into ethical publications.
Ethical violations in conducting medical research always promote unethical scientific publications.
Published research influences other researchers and establishes credibility for individual or journal.
This slide deck gives a general overview of Data Visualization, with inspiring examples, the strength and weaknesses of the human visual system, a few technical frameworks that may be used for creating your own visualizations and some design concepts from the data visualization field.
Anybody, who is reading the research report, must necessarily be conveyed enough about the study so that he can place it in its general scientific context, judge the adequacy of its methods and thus form an opinion of how seriously the findings are to be taken. For this purpose there is the need of proper layout of the report. The layout of the report means as to what the research report should contain. A comprehensive layout of the research report should comprise preliminary pages, the main text and the end matter.
Research Design constitute blue print for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
Types of Research Designs and How to select good Research Design.
In this presentation, I have talked about Big Data and its importance in brief. I have included the very basics of Data Science and its importance in the present day, through a case study. You can also get an idea about who a data scientist is and what all tasks he performs. A few applications of data science have been illustrated in the end.
In the past decade a number of technologies have revolutionized the way we do analytics in banking. In this talk we would like to summarize this journey from classical statistical offline modeling to the latest real-time streaming predictive analytical techniques.
In particular, we will look at hadoop and how this distributing computing paradigm has evolved with the advent of in-memory computing. We will introduce Spark, an engine for large-scale data processing optimized for in-memory computing.
Finally, we will describe how to make data science actionable and how to overcome some of the limitations of current batch processing with streaming analytics.
This presentation is about citing articles in journals in the research papers in different reference styles like APA Style, Chicago Style, Harvard Style, MLA Style etc.
A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research with economy in procedure.
It is a conceptual structure within which research is conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
A presentation on research report writing.PRIYANKAVP4
This power point presentation is related to the topic of research report writing. It involves meaning of report writing, its functions and essentialities,types,planning and report writing,format of a research report,preparation of research report,its contents,report writing stages etc.
How to write (and publish) a literature reviewMarcel Bogers
How to write (and publish) your literature review? This presentations distinguishes between three types and purposes of "review": (1) a literature review, as part of an empirical study; (2) a stand-alone review article; and (3) a conceptual or theoretical (non-empirical) article. For each of theses types, it gives an overview of considerations for getting done and published (or rejected).
Ethics in medical sciences research may not always translate into ethical publications.
Ethical violations in conducting medical research always promote unethical scientific publications.
Published research influences other researchers and establishes credibility for individual or journal.
This slide deck gives a general overview of Data Visualization, with inspiring examples, the strength and weaknesses of the human visual system, a few technical frameworks that may be used for creating your own visualizations and some design concepts from the data visualization field.
Anybody, who is reading the research report, must necessarily be conveyed enough about the study so that he can place it in its general scientific context, judge the adequacy of its methods and thus form an opinion of how seriously the findings are to be taken. For this purpose there is the need of proper layout of the report. The layout of the report means as to what the research report should contain. A comprehensive layout of the research report should comprise preliminary pages, the main text and the end matter.
Research Design constitute blue print for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
Types of Research Designs and How to select good Research Design.
In this presentation, I have talked about Big Data and its importance in brief. I have included the very basics of Data Science and its importance in the present day, through a case study. You can also get an idea about who a data scientist is and what all tasks he performs. A few applications of data science have been illustrated in the end.
In the past decade a number of technologies have revolutionized the way we do analytics in banking. In this talk we would like to summarize this journey from classical statistical offline modeling to the latest real-time streaming predictive analytical techniques.
In particular, we will look at hadoop and how this distributing computing paradigm has evolved with the advent of in-memory computing. We will introduce Spark, an engine for large-scale data processing optimized for in-memory computing.
Finally, we will describe how to make data science actionable and how to overcome some of the limitations of current batch processing with streaming analytics.
This presentation is about citing articles in journals in the research papers in different reference styles like APA Style, Chicago Style, Harvard Style, MLA Style etc.
A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research with economy in procedure.
It is a conceptual structure within which research is conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
Bibliometric Research Synthesis
bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis
In the seminar we propose and use a unique tool, developed in the R language, which follows a classic logical bibliometric workflow that we reconstruct. We have designed and produced an R-tool for comprehensive bibliometric analyses. R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. It provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques and is highly extensible. In addition to enabling statistical operations, it is an object-oriented and functional programming language; hence, you can automate your analyses and create new functions. It has an open-software nature, which means it is well supported by the user community and new functions are regularly contributed by users, many of whom are prominent statisticians. As it is programmed in R, the proposed tool is flexible, can be rapidly upgraded, and can be integrated with other statistical R-packages. It is therefore useful in a constantly changing field such as bibliometrics.
SPE ESUT TECHNICAL SERIES (ACADEMIC PROJECT WRITING AND PRESENTATION) BY ENGR...SPEESUTChapter
This slide (article) will give you a comprehensive understanding of how to structure and present your findings professionally, ensuring your research reports are impactful and engaging.
You'll learn about what a research report is, how to create one, where to find research topics, the importance of citations and various citation styles, how to select the right citation style, the key parts of a research report, and how to put them all together effectively.
Having a well-researched project, with proper citations, a good topic, and complete reports, will attract more people and help you do well in your studies and research.
How to conduct systematic literature reviewKashif Hussain
The slides show how to conduct systematic literature review (SLR) in any field of research. It is highly important that any SLR should ultimately highlight potential future directions and research gaps so that prospect researchers may focus on those particular areas.
The objective of the course is to introduce the basic methods of conducting research, explore ideas in formulating research objectives and hypotheses and sample framework for taking up research studies in a structured manner. Also, it is intended to facilitate for the development of an insight into different statistical tools for data analysis, interpretation and presentation of reports in different areas of research.
Research Methodology as a subject should help researchers to prepare the literature in chronological pattern and should logically analyze the concerns. This subject should help in framing the research problems to enhance the scale of understanding. In this world of a global village, research papers are available in abundance; one thesis submitted by a scholar, in no way should be a repetition of a work already done. This subject should help researchers to use tools, techniques, concepts and world’s best practices to present a unique research.
This paper discusses the several research methodologies that can
be used in Computer Science (CS) and Information Systems
(IS). The research methods vary according to the science
domain and project field. However a little of research
methodologies can be reasonable for Computer Science and
Information System.
BA (HONS) FASHION BUYING AND MERCHANDISING RESE.docxmadlynplamondon
BA (HONS) FASHION BUYING AND MERCHANDISING
RESEARCH METHODS FOR BUYING AND MERCHANDISING
Unit code FU001443
Credit rating 20
Stage 2
Level 5
Unit Leader Stephanie Liberman ([email protected])
Teaching team Stephanie Liberman, Lois Baile, Christopher Hazelhurst
Timetable Accessible via UAL Timetables
Academic Year 2018/19
INTRODUCTION
This unit gives you the opportunity to further develop your practical research skills in order to lay the
foundations for future self-directed projects later this stage and in the final stage. Academic
underpinning, evaluative thought processes and problem solving skills will be key in demonstrating that
you have the required tools to undertake an in depth critical review of a specific area within the fashion
business environment. A full range of primary research methods such as focus groups, interviews and
questionnaires will be designed and evaluated. There will be a more detailed and extensive
investigation of the secondary resources available to you through the College and University library and
e-library. You will be shown how to manage the research process and how to analyse and present your
research findings in the context of the fashion industry.
ASSESSMENT AND PROJECT BRIEF
• An individual 3,000 word report.
In this report you are required to complete a consumer research proposal and conduct qualitative and
quantitative research to assess consumer attitudes to a specific commercial issue in the fashion retail
industry. Your topic will be situated within one of the following areas of interest, which you will
formatively sign off with your Tutor in week 3.
1. Range development: how UK brands expand overseas and how this affects the product ranges.
2. Researching consumer attitudes: investigating Ethical and Sustainable concepts for retail.
3. Researching the Luxury Brand experience: how brands present their image in the omni-channel
marketplace (stores, online, outlets).
The report will allow you to study a consumer demographic that is of interest to you and will evidence
your ability to academically and commercially identify the aims and objective of a piece of individual
research, supported by a robust literature review and evaluation of secondary data. The research
methodology proposal will show your understanding and application of an appropriate research strategy
and analysis methods within an ethical framework. You will design, conduct and analyse a small
quantitative and qualitative study. To conclude the report you should include an evaluation of data from
the study, recommend improvements and identify the limitations of the study approach.
Indicative structure and approximate word count:
1. A topic defined by means of a working title or research question.
2. An Abstract – not included in the word count.
3. List of contents and tables – not included in the word count.
4. Rationale and context for the researc.
Running head ABBREVIATED TITLE OF YOUR PAPER1ABBREVIATED TITLE.docxtoddr4
Running head: ABBREVIATED TITLE OF YOUR PAPER 1
ABBREVIATED TITLE OF YOUR PAPER 13Full Title of Your PaperLearner’s Full Name (no credentials)Capella UniversityAbstract
It is necessary to complete the abstract after the entire project has been developed. The abstract contains an abbreviated overview of the entire project. This overview will reference the following elements of the project:
The Research Question_________________________________
The Research Problem: _____________________________________
The Significance of the Study: _______________________________
Theory or theories that apply to the concepts associated with the RQ: ________________
A Narrative describing the quantitative approach planned, implications for stakeholders, significance to the scientific community, and a description of expected results. The abstract is one concise paragraph.
Keywords: [Add keywords here.]
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1
Background of the Problem 1
Statement of the Problem 1
Purpose of the Study 1
Significance of the Study 1
Research Questions 1
Definition of Terms 1
Research Design 1
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 1
Theoretical Orientation for the Study 1
Review of the Literature 1
Synthesis of the Research Findings 1
Critique of Previous Research Methods 1
CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 1
Purpose of the Study 1
Research Question and Hypotheses 1
Research Design 1
Target Population and Sample 1
Procedures 1
Ethical Considerations 1
CHAPTER 4. EXPECTED FINDINGS/RESULTS 1
CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION 1
Implications 1
Methodological Strengths and Weaknesses 1
Suggestions for Future Research 1
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
[Note, the Final draft of Chapter 1 is typically written after the entire project has been completed and just prior to the Abstract. It is important to understand that the project is iterative. You will work on, change and refine all elements of the project. In your initial submission, begin to provide an evidence-based rationale for each of the sections listed below.]
Background of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Research Questions
Definition of Terms
Research Design
[Note, under the Research Design, make mention of the relevant APA Code of Ethics, but not how you intend to address them. How you will address the codes and ensure they are adhered to will be covered in Chapter 3.]
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Note, this is typically the entry point for beginning the project. It is important to understand that the project is iterative. You will work on, change and refine all elements of the project. You will begin by understanding and synthesizing what is known so far in the Literature Review, (Chapter 2). Theoretical Orientation for the Study
The Literature Review provides detailed information about theory that applies to the research topic, theory that applies to the research method, population(s) studied and key concepts under review. Seminal and current sources are analyzed and eva.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
1. Code: 15 RM ENGG 101
K L University
Pre-Ph.D Examination
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
SYLLABUS
[COMMON TO ALL ENGINEERING STREAMS INCLUDING BIOTECH & MCA]
UNIT I
Introduction: Definition and objectives of Research – Types of research, Various Steps in Research
process, Mathematical tools for analysis, Developing a research question-Choice of a problem
Literature review, Surveying, synthesizing, critical analysis, reading materials, reviewing, rethinking,
critical evaluation, interpretation, Research Purposes, Ethics in research – APA Ethics code.
UNIT II
Quantitative Methods for problem solving: Statistical Modeling and Analysis, Time Series
Analysis
Probability Distributions, Fundamentals of Statistical Analysis and Inference, Multivariate methods,
Concepts
of Correlation and Regression, Fundamentals of Time Series Analysis and Spectral Analysis, Error
Analysis,
Applications of Spectral Analysis.
UNIT III
Tabular and graphical description of data: Tables and graphs of frequency data of one variable,
Tables and graphs that show the relationship between two variables , Relation between frequency
distributions and other graphs, preparing data for analysis
UNIT IV
Soft Computing: Computer and its role in research, Use of statistical soft ware SPSS, GRETL etc in
research. Introduction to evolutionary algorithms - Fundamentals of Genetic algorithms, Simulated
Annealing, Neural Network based optimization, Optimization of fuzzy systems.
UNIT V
Structure and Components of Research Report, Types of Report, Layout of Research Report,
Mechanism of writing a research report, referencing in academic writing.
Text Books
1. C.R. Kothari, Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, 2/e, Vishwa Prakashan, 2006
2. Donald H.McBurney, Research Methods, 5
th
Edition, Thomson Learning, ISBN:81-315-0047-
0,2006
Reference Books
1. Donald R. Cooper, Pamela S. Schindler, Business Research Methods, 8/e, Tata McGraw-Hill Co.
Ltd., 2006.
2. Fuzzy Logic with Engg Applications, Timothy J.Ross, Wiley Publications, 2nd Ed[d]
3. Simulated Annealing: Theory and Applications (Mathematics and Its Applications, by P.J. van
Laarhoven &
E.H. Aarts[e]
4. Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning by David E. Goldberg
2. KL University
Pre-Ph.D Examination
Research Methodology
[COMMON TO ALL ENGINEERING STREAMS INCLUDING BIOTECH & MCA]
Model Question paper
Time: 3 hrs Max Marks: 100
Answer any five questions:
1. a) There are various steps involved in research process and they vary based on the research problem.
Explain the steps involved in the research process keeping in mind the contexts of the research
problem.
b) Define research and discuss the objectives of research in detail.
a) Synthesizing and critical analysis of a problem are two important phases of research – Justify.
b) “Ethics in research is the need of the hour”. Justify the statement.
2. a) Differentiate between the descriptive and analytical research methods.
b) Statistical Analysis and modeling plays a vital role in research –Justify
3. a) Explain the discrete probability distribution with an example.
b) Define multivariate analysis and give any four examples.
4. The heights in inches of 30 students are as follows:
66, 68, 65, 70, 67, 64, 68, 64, 66, 64, 70, 72, 71, 69, 69, 64, 67, 63, 70, 71, 63, 68, 67, 65, 69, 65,
67, 66, 69, 67
Prepare a frequency distribution table showing relative frequency, cumulative frequency
and percent frequencies.
5. a) Discuss the role of computer in research.
b) Explain soft computing and learning in fuzzy systems with appropriate diagram.
6. a) Explain the steps involved in simulated annealing algorithm.
b) Explain Genetic Algorithm.
7. a) Mention the different types of reports, particularly pointing out the difference between a
technical report and a popular report.
b) Describe, in brief the layout of a research report, covering all relevant points.
8. a) Mention the different types of reports, particularly pointing out the difference between a technical report
and a popular report.
b) Describe, in brief the layout of a research report, covering all relevant points.
3. Code: 15 RM SCI 102
K L University
Pre-Ph.D. Examination
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
SYLLABUS
[COMMON TO MATHS, PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY]
Unit - I INTRODUCTION TO METHODOLOGY:
Format of thesis and dissertation, Research article, Reviews, Monographs, Bibliography, Literature
search, Significance of research, Research methods versus methodology, Research and Scientific
methods, Defining the research Problem and Research design.
Unit-II Quantitative Methods for Problem Solving:
Introduction to Statistical Modeling and Analysis, Concepts of Correlation and Regression, Fundamentals
of Time Series Analysis and Spectral Analysis, Error Analysis, Applications of Spectral Analysis.
UNIT III : Physical Statistical Methods
Definition and Scope; Types of data; Collection and presentation of Data (Tables, Graphs,
Diagrams); Measure of Central Tendency; Dispersion; Goodness of fit (X2 Test).
UNIT IV: Sampling Fundamentals:
Census and sample Survey, Steps in sample design, Different types sample design, Selection of a random
sample, Estimation, Estimating the population mean and population proportion.
Unit-V : Interpretation and Report Writing:
Meaning of interpretation; Techniques of interpretation; Precautions in Interpretation; Significance
of Report writing; Different steps in Report writing; Layout of Research Project; Types of Reports;
Patent writing and filing and Oral presentation.
Text Books:
1. Kothari, C.R; II ed. (2006), Research Methodology, Methods and techniques; New Age
Internartional (p) Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi. :
2. Kumar K. L.' (1997), Educational Technology, New Age International (P) Ltd., New
Delhi.
References:
1. Donald R. Cooper,Pamela S. etc., Business Research Methods,8
th
Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Co.Ltd.2006
2. Tony Bates A.W. Technology, (2005), e-Learning and Distance Education, New York
4. K L University
Pre-Ph.D. Examination
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
[COMMON TO MATHS, PHYSICS & CHEMISTRY]
Model Paper
Max Duration: 3hrs Max Marks: 100
Answer any FIVE questions: (5x20)
1. (a) What is research problem? Define the main issues which should receive the attention of
the researcher in formulating the research problem. Give suitable examples.
(b) Discuss the format of thesis and dissertation.
2 (a) What is time series? Explain various components of time series.
(b) Fit a straight line traced by the method of least squares for the following data.
Year : 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Production (in 1000 of tons): 77 88 94 85 91 98 100
3. (a) What are the various types of graphs used for presenting a frequency distribution?
(b) Explain the different ways of presenting the data.
4. (a) Describe the steps in sample design.
(b) A random sample of 200 measurements from an infinite population gave a mean value of 50 and a
standard deviation of 9. Determine the 95% confidence interval for the mean value of the population.
5. What is meant by report? What are various stages of writing report?
6. (a) Distinguish between correlation and regression.
(b) Ten students got the following percentage of marks in the course principles of Economics and
Statistics.
Roll No. : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Marks in Economics: 78 36 98 25 75 82 90 62 65 39
Marks in Statistics : 84 51 91 60 68 62 86 58 53 47
Calculate the coefficient of Correlation.
7. (a)The following information is obtained concerning an investigation of 50 ordinary shops of small
size.
Shops Total
In town In villages
Run by Men 17 18 35
Run by Women 3 12 15
Total 20 30 50
Can it be inferred that shops run by women are relatively more in villages than in towns? Use ψ
2
test (ψ
2
value for one degree of freedom at 5% level of significance is 3.84)
(b) Discuss the characterization of materials by various spectroscopic techniques.
8. Explain the following terms.
a) Research reviews b) Monographs c) Census and sample survey d) Applications of spectra
Analysis.
5. Code: 15 RM ENSS 103
KL University
Pre-Ph.D Examination
Research Methodology
Syllabus
[COMMON TO ALL ENGLISH AND COMMUNICATION & SOFT SKILLS]
UNIT – A INTRODUCTION (common to all)
1. Philosophy & Meaning of Research
2. Nature of Inquiry in the Physical Sciences & Social Sciences- a comparison
3. The Researcher – his temperament & qualities
4. The Identification of the Research problem: the definition of the problem
5. Literature survey: the search for facts; the verification of facts; the analysis of
evidence; truth & causation; Sources of prejudice and bias.
6. Library references schemes; Note making, Internet.
7. The structure of a thesis.
8. Foot – notes, Diagrams, Bibliographies, Index, Quotation & Translation.
9. Language & style in the thesis.
10. Preparation of Manuscripts & Type scripts, Proof-reading
Books prescribed
1. G. Watson. The Literary Thesis
2. F.W. Batson – The Scholar-Critic
3. Altick – The Art of Literary Research
4. Joseph Gibaldi- Hand Book for Writers of Research Papers recent edition.
UNIT-B LITERARY THEORY (For Research in Literature)
1. Nature of Creativity, imagination & Invention
2. Literature as an Art Form: Literature and the other Arts.
3. Pure Literature, Literature & Society.
4. Literary Terms: Image, Metaphor, Symbol & Myth.
5. Literary Movements, their Influences: Romanticism & Classicism, Realism,
Naturalism, Symbolism, Expressionism, Impressionism, Imagism.
6. Modern Literary trends;
Modernism, & Postmodernism, Post colonialism, Structuralism & Post
structuralism, Feminist Criticism, New Historicism & Cultural Materialism,
Marxism, Linguisties, Semiotics, Hermeneutics.
7. Comparative Literature
Books Prescribed
1. Wellek & warren. The Theory of Literature
2. Peter Barry Beginning Theory
3. Hans Breten-Basics of Literary Theory.
4. K.M. Newton- 20
th
Century Literary Theory
6. UNIT-C LANGUAGE STUDIES (For Research in Language)
1. Nature & Scope of Linguistics
2. Branches of Linguistics – Phonetics & Phonology, Lexis, Syntax, Semantics
3. Language Variation – Registers, Dialects, Styles
4. Fundamentals of Language Teaching – aims, objectives, methods , materials
5. Evaluation, First & Second Language
6. Major approaches and Methods of Language teaching
7. Use of Technology for language teaching
Books Prescribed
1. John Lyons. New horizons in Linguistics
2. Jack Richards & Theodore Rodgers. 2001. Approaches and Methods
in Language Teaching CUP.
3. M.L.Tickoo. 2003. Teaching and Learning English. Orient Longman.
4. Gavin Dudeney. 2007. The internet in the Language Classroom: A Practical
Guide for Teachers. CUP.
7. KL University
Pre-Ph.D Examination
Research Methodology
[COMMON TO ALL ENGLISH AND COMMUNICATION & SOFT SKILLS]
MODEL QUESTION PAPER
Time: 3 hours Marks : 100
Answer FIVE questions choosing at least THREE questions from Unit – I. Candidates in the area of
Literature should answer TWO Questions from Unit – II – Literary Theory, while those in the area
of Language Studies should answer TWO questions from UNIT – III- Language Studies. UNIT-1 is
Compulsory.
ALL QUESTIONS CARRY EQUAL MARKS
UNIT – I
1. What is literary research? Elucidate its characteristics.
2. How do you identify a research Problem? Discuss the steps involved in the investigation
process.
3. “The first stage in research is discovering where to look for information and opinions on
your topic” Discuss.
4. “The more you know about the library and the materials and services it provides, the more
successful you will be in gathering information and ideas for your research paper”.
Discuss.
5. Write short notes on any four of the following
a) Working Bibliography
b) Taking Notes
c) Avoiding Plagiarism
d) Deductive Method
e) Language and style in a thesis
UNIT – II
1. How do you distinguish between Modernism and Post – modernism?
2. Illustrate the importance and use of image and metaphor in poetry.
3. “The relationship of literature with fine arts and music is various and complex”. Discuss.
4. Trace the evolution of Feminist criticism touching its main qualities.
5. Write short notes on any four of the following.
a) Functions of literature
b) Nature of Literary Theory.
c) Myth and Modern Literature
d) Symbolism
e) Expressionism
f) Romanticism
g) Realism
h) Linguistics
8. UNIT – III
1. What are the different branches of Linguistics? Explain with examples.
2. Write an essay on varieties of Language.
3. How does Communicative Language Teaching differ from the Audio lingual Method?
4. Discuss how technology can aid Language Teaching.
5. Write Short notes on any four of the following.
a) Direct Method
b) Langue and Parole.
c) Testing & Evaluation
d) Sociolinguistics
e) Structural Linguistics.
f) Psycholinguistics
g) Task – based Approach
9. Code: 15 RM MGMT 104
KL UNIVERSITY
PRE-PH.D EXAMINATION
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY SYLLABUS
[COMMON TO MANAGEMENT & COMMERCE]
UNIT-I : Fundamentals of Research
Definition and Objectives of Research – Types of Research: Qualitative vs Quantitative
Research-The Scientific Research Process- Meaning of research problems, sources of research
problems, characteristics of good research problems- Identification, Selection and Formulation of
research problem- Review of literature- Identification of sources for review of literature-
Formulation of Hypothesis.
Unit-II: Measurement and Research Design:
Levels of Measurement in research: Four Levels of Measurement- Research Design: Meaning
need and features of good research design. Types of Research Designs - Basic Principles of
Experimental Designs, Design of Experiments- Sampling Designs: Census and Sample surveys,
Different types of sample designs, characteristics of good sample design. Techniques of selecting a
random sample- Measuring attitudes: construction of Likert and Semantic Differential scales.
Unit III : Data Collection and Analysis
Primary and secondary data: Methods of collecting primary data: observation,
Interview, questionnaire and schedule; Sources of secondary data - Processing of data:
Editing,coding and classification of data- Data analysis: Univaariate analysis, Bivariate analysis:
correlation, Regression-
linear and Logistic Regression-Association of attributes-Factor analysis-
Fundamentals of Time Series Analysis-Use of SPSS in data analysis.
Unit IV: Testing of hypothesis.
Hypothesis Testing and estimation: Fundamentals of hypothesis testing- Parametric Tests:
Testing of significance mean, proportion, variance and correlation-Testing for significance of
difference between means, proportions, variances and correlation coefficients- Important non-
parametric tests: Sign, Run and Mann – Whitney tests- ANOVA and Chi-Square Tests.
Unit V: Research For Business Decisions
Business Decisions: Concepts and process - Research as a decision support system- Research and
Marketing Decisions: New product development research- Research on brand equity and
preferences- Research on pricing strategies- Research for personnel decisions: research on:
effectiveness of different sources of recruitment and training, employee motivation, job
satisfaction. Research for Capital Market Decisions: Research for primary market – Trends and
determinants.
Cluster analysis,
10. Reference Books:
1. William G. Zikmund: Business Research Methods, Cengage, 2006.
2. Alan Bryman, Emma Bell: Business Research Methods, 3/e, 2011, Oxford University
Press.
3. C.R Kothari: Research Methodology 2/e, New Age International, 2006.
4. Donald R. Cooper, Pamela S. Schindler: Business Research Methods, 8/e, TMH, 2009.
5. Richard I Levin & David S.Rubin: Statistics for Management, 7/e. Pearson, 2008.
6. Dipak Kumar.Bhattacharya: Research Methodology, Excel Books, 2009.
7. Rajendra Naragundkar : Marketing Research, Text and Cases, Mc Graw Hill, 2008.
8. Krishnaswamy, K.N., Sivakumar, Appa Iyer and Mathiranjan M. (2006), Management Research
Methodology; Integration of Principles, Methods and Techniques (Pearson Education, New
Delhi).
Reference Journals
1. Journal of Accounting and Business Research.
2. Journal of Marketing Research.
3. Journal of Business Research.
4. Journal of Consumer Research
5. Harvard Business Review
11. KL University
Pre-Ph.D Examination
Research Methodology
[COMMON TO MANAGEMENT & COMMERCE]
Model Paper
Time allotted: 3 hours. Maximum Marks:100
Answer any five questions, Each question carries twenty marks (5 x 20 =100).
1. a) Define Research and explain how qualitative research differs from quantitative
research.
b) What is a research problem? Define the main issues which should receive the
attention of the researcher in formulating the research problem. Give suitable
examples to support your answer.
2. a) Describe some of the important research designs used in experimental hypothesis
testing research study.
b) What is meant by measurement in research ? What difference does it make
whether we measure in terms of nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio scale ? Explain
giving examples.
3. a) If you are conducting an interview survey of around 500 respondents in Hyderabad,
what type of probability sampling you choose and why?
b) What is Likert’s Scale ? Why it is used? How to construct it ? Explain.
4. a) What is the purpose of a questionnaire ? Why are closed questions are preferred
to open ended questions in survey research ?
b) What is the role of SPSS in data analysis?
5. a) What is meant by processing of data? What are the vrious steps in data
processing?
b) What is Logistic Regression? When is it used ? Describe the syntax of logistic
regression in SPSS.
6. a) What is meant by testing of hypothesis? Draw a flow chart for executing
hypothesis testing procedure with a suitable example.
b) What are the vrious components of a time series data ? Explain a technique
for smoothing time series data.
7. a) As per theory the proportion of beans, in the four groups A,B,C, D should be 9:3:3:1. In
an experiment among 1600 beans, the number in the four groups were 882, 313,287
and 118. Does the experimental result support the theory? Apply χ
2
test .
b) A sample of 400 males is found to have a mean height of 67.47 inches. Can it be
reasonably regarded as a sample from a large population with a mean height of 67.39
inches and S.D of 1.3 inches ? . Test at 5% level of significance.
8. a) Develop the management-research question hierarchy, citing management
dilemma, management question and research questions, citing some examples.
b) Suggest a research strategy for identifying the employee motivating factors in a MNC.