Group Selection Grid AWeSoMe07
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The document proposes a Group Selection pattern to optimize the formation and evolution of virtual organizations (VOs) in grid computing environments. The pattern biases agent interactions and migration based on group identifiers, allowing groups to evolve over time into optimized configurations through a process analogous to biological group selection. Experiments applying this pattern to a VO policy alignment scenario show it can evolve a large number of small, dynamic VOs into outcomes with high coordination and utility.
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System Dynamics Modeling for Intellectual
Disability Services: A Case Studyjppi_342 112..119
Meri Duryan*,†, Dragan Nikolik‡, Godefridus van Merode§, and Leopold Curfs*,§
*Gouverneur Kremers Centrum; †University of Maastricht; ‡Maastricht School of Management; and §Maastricht University Medical
Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
Abstract Organizations providing services to persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) are complex because of many interacting
stakeholders with often different and competing interests. The combination of increased consumer demand and diminished resources
makes organizational planning a challenge for the managers of such organizations. Such challenges are confounded by significant
demands for the optimization of resources and the goal to reduce expenses and to more effectively and efficiently use existing
resources while at the same time providing high quality services. The authors explore the possibilities of using “system dynamics
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Healthcare organizations are complex entities as they have
multiple stakeholders with often conflicting objectives and goals
(Drucker, 1993). Provider organizations specializing in intellec-
tual disabilities (ID) are also complex because of the nature of the
care and supports they provide and how they are organized. Some
of the complexities relate to the difficulties that adults with ID
might have in expressing themselves. Moreover, the specifics of
the care often require a deeper involvement of carers with respect
to their relationships with families and other sectors of society.
Because of their complexity, ID provider organizations, com-
pared with healthcare providers, often require a higher level of
resource planning, collaboration, and cooperation among social,
health, and education services, mental health services, and other
sectors (WHO, 2010).
To manage the complexities and challenges ID provider orga-
nizations face, managers need to analyze and understand complex
interdependencies among the systems with which they are dealing.
In order to achieve that, ID provider managers need to examine
and shift their mental models regarding their role in managing
the organization and in establishing relationships with all the
stakeholders involved. However, as Forrester (1980) has noted,
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*Gouverneur Kremers Centrum; †University of Maastricht; ‡Maastricht School of Management; and §Maastricht University Medical
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resources while at the same time providing high quality services. The authors explore the possibilities of using “system dynamics
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multiple stakeholders with often conflicting objectives and goals
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sectors (WHO, 2010).
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interdependencies among the systems with which they are dealing.
In order to achieve that, ID provider managers need to examine
and shift their mental models regarding their role in managing
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stakeholders involved. However, as Forrester (1980) has noted,
traditiona.
A virtual environment for formulation of policy packages
The interdependence and complexity of socio-technical systems and availability of a wide variety of policy measures to address policy problems make the process of policy formulation difficult. In order to formulate sustainable and efficient transport policies, development of new tools and techniques is necessary. One of the approaches gaining ground is policy packaging, which shifts focus from implementation of individual policy measures to implementation of combinations of measures with the aim of increasing efficiency and effectiveness of policy interventions by increasing synergies and reducing potential contradictions among policy measures. In this paper, we describe the development of a virtual environment for the exploration and analysis of different configurations of policy measures in order to build policy packages. By developing systematic approaches it is possible to examine more alternatives at a greater depth, decrease the time required for the overall analysis, provide real-time assessment and feedback on the effect of changes in the configurations, and ultimately form more effective policies. The results from this research demonstrate the usefulness of computational approaches in addressing the complexity inherent in the formulation of policy packages. This new approach has been applied to the formulation of policies to advance sustainable transportation.
Grand Challenges & Platform Ecosystems
This document summarizes a journal article about using platform ecosystems to address grand challenges and wicked problems. It defines grand challenges as critical barriers that, if removed, could help solve important social issues. Wicked problems are ill-defined issues involving multiple stakeholders. The document then provides examples of plastic waste and public health as grand challenges. It describes characteristics of grand challenges and strategies like participatory architecture that can help address them. Finally, it discusses how platform ecosystems can coordinate contributions, instigate collective action, and enable generativity to help resolve grand challenges through distributed experimentation at a large scale.
Fundamentals of Collective Adaptive Systems Manifesto
This document presents a manifesto summarizing the research agenda for collective adaptive systems developed by the FoCAS coordination action project over three years. It defines collective adaptive systems as consisting of diverse, autonomous but collaborating entities that continuously adapt to changes in their environment. The manifesto is structured in four chapters that introduce collective adaptive systems, present challenges in their fundamentals, propose engineering challenges, and summarize key concepts and directions. It aims to provide guidance for future research in this field.
Black, Rebello, Suder, Frennette. Disruption, Innovation, Opportunity
Black, Rebello, Suder, Frennette. Disruption, Innovation, OpportunitySystemic Design Association (SDA)
Urban populations have been growing at an unprecedented rate around the world and there is growing concern that building-related environmental impacts also continue to rise. This has prompted a range of stakeholders in the built environment to make commitments to create and implement more sustainable building and construction solutions. Our research question thus mines this untapped potential: How might we enable widespread participation by actors in the built environment to participate in the transition toward a more circular economy? Our synthesis map focuses on the prosperous Canadian commercial building sector, and aims to empower actors within this industry to discover their unique role.Slides spohrer piciocchi bassano def 14 june 2011 v2.
This document discusses three frameworks for analyzing complex social systems: the SSME+D framework, the VSA framework, and the IAD framework. It argues that value is co-created through the interaction of multilevel governance in nested, networked systems. By merging these three frameworks, researchers can gain a better understanding of how the capability for multilevel governance to interpret, mediate, and synthesize contexts facilitates value co-creation in holistic service systems.
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1. The document discusses using Small Groups As Complex Systems Theory (SGACS) as a theoretical lens to study coordination in interdisciplinary research projects.
2. SGACS provides concepts to analyze group structure, activities, outcomes, and how they are influenced by context. This framework can be used to diagnose issues, compare groups, and predict performance.
3. The document proposes applying SGACS through case studies of research groups at IBBT to gain insights on coordination challenges over time and benefits like improving project evaluations and management.
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Good governance of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) requires an adaptive, multi-sectoral and multi-level approach to allow for flexible, reflective decision-making across different levels, scales and sectors. Governance models should be tailored to local contexts while ensuring inclusion of local and traditional knowledge. There are challenges to EbA governance like fragmented policies and lack of resources, which can be addressed through collaborative stakeholder engagement and private sector involvement. Lessons learned through monitoring and evaluation should inform iterative improvements to governance.
Experiments on Crowdsourcing Policy Assessment - Oxford IPP 2014
This document summarizes an experiment that tested whether non-expert crowds can assess policy measures as well as experts. Researchers conducted two experiments using crowdsourced labor markets: one with Dutch participants and one with global participants. Both crowds evaluated 96 climate change adaptation policy measures on criteria like importance and urgency. The measures were previously assessed by Dutch experts. Results were analyzed to see how non-expert crowd assessments compared to expert assessments and whether geography impacted non-expert performance. The goal was to determine if crowds could be useful for policy design by evaluating policy alternatives.
edge of chaos
The document discusses three frameworks for understanding the concept of the "edge of chaos" - a point where a system is most creative and innovative. The first framework is complex adaptive systems (CAS), where diverse, adaptive agents interact in nonlinear ways. The second is a total systems approach that considers organizational barriers to and components of creativity. The third is a dynamic creativity model depicting problem-solving as interactions between solutions, processes, and thinking techniques within an organization. Examples are given to illustrate how companies have applied these concepts.
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Simulation models and corporate financial planning of banks in bayelsa state,...
This document discusses simulation models and their application in corporate financial planning for banks in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. It reviews literature on different types of simulation models like agent-based models and system dynamic models. The paper examines how a survey was conducted of 112 bank officials in Bayelsa State to understand how simulation models relate to shareholders' satisfaction, customer service and return on capital employed. The analysis found simulation models are significantly related to these factors. It concludes that simulation models can provide reliable information to help organizations achieve their short, medium and long term objectives.
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The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan.The researcher used quantitative research method to analyze the relationship between generic strategies and organizational performance of furniture companies in Kurdistan. The researcher printed and distributed 100 questionnaires, but received only 76 questionnaires from participants. Accordingly the sample size of this study is 76 unitsThe findings of this study revealed that the three generic strategies (cost strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy) have positive relationship with organizational performance in selected furniture companies in Kurdistan. A research could be completed in different businesses to see if similar outcomes will be gotten. This research likewise recommends that an exploration study could be done to decide factors impacting successful execution of effective strategy in the business.
7 me.pdf
This document discusses a proposed model investigating the effects of psychological safety and social agile practices on team performance in agile information systems development (AISD). The model suggests that social agile practices positively influence psychological safety, which in turn positively impacts transparency, communication, and productivity in AISD teams. The model is based on a literature review and evaluated through case studies of AISD teams in insurance and software companies. Results from the case studies provide preliminary support for the model and its propositions.
Crowdsourcing the Policy Cycle - Collective Intelligence 2014 Araz Taeihagh ...
Crowdsourcing is beginning to be used for policymaking. The “wisdom of crowds” [Surowiecki 2005], and crowdsourcing [Brabham 2008], are seen as new avenues that can shape all kinds of policy, from transportation policy [Nash 2009] to urban planning [Seltzer and Mahmoudi 2013], to climate policy. In general, many have high expectations for positive outcomes with crowdsourcing, and based on both anecdotal and empirical evidence, some of these expectations seem justified [Majchrzak and Malhotra 2013]. Yet, to our knowledge, research has yet to emerge that unpacks the different forms of crowdsourcing in light of each stage of the well-established policy cycle. This work addresses this research gap, and in doing so brings increased nuance to the application of crowdsourcing techniques for policymaking.
Resource-Based Collaboration and Responsiveness of Mobile Telecommunication C...
This document summarizes a research paper that examined the relationship between resource-based collaboration and responsiveness among mobile telecommunications companies in Nigeria. It provides background on the study, including the objectives, theoretical framework, and key concepts. The literature review covers theories of transaction costs and resources, as well as concepts related to collaboration, responsiveness (including agility, adaptability, and proactiveness), and how they can enhance competitive advantage.
Free software community functioning
This article analyzes the social regulation of free and open source software projects using the example of the Spip project. It finds that three modes of social regulation exist: 1) Control regulation centered on maintaining coherence of the product. 2) Autonomous regulation reflecting the differentiated commitments of individual contributors. 3) Distributed community regulation, where shared rules are created and transformed through exchanges and evaluations between contributors, providing recognition and stratification. The article is based on in-depth longitudinal ethnographic analysis of the Spip project over two years.
New application of genetic algorithm in optimization of structural weights
This document describes a genetic algorithm approach for optimizing the hierarchical structure of multi-agent systems. It introduces a novel "hierarchical genetic algorithm" that uses hierarchical crossover and mutation operators. The algorithm represents hierarchical organizational structures as arrays to make them amenable to genetic operators. It was tested on an information retrieval model case study involving 10 scenarios. The results showed the algorithm could find competitive baseline organizational structures leading to optimal performance, outperforming traditional genetic algorithms.
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Group Selection Grid AWeSoMe07
- 4. Example of Grid Virtual Organization Org1 Org2 Org3 Virtual Organization2 Virtual Organization 1
- 10. Example of group selection High coordination Agents interact & migrate based on group identifier Uncoordinated groups t= 100 t= 40 t=1
- 14. VO policy alignment scenario Groups with P1 and groups with P2: high utility Agents interact, migrate, mutate Groups with P1 and P2 : low utility t= 100 t= 40 t=1
- 16. Utility (coordination) N agents=100 ; M policies =10; migration/mutation:0.3, 0.7 sim clock ticks m/m m/m low ratio migration/mutation rate achieves better performance
- 17. Groups Distribution (I) low migration/mutation rate (when higher utilities achieved) causes large number of groups m/m m/m
- 18. Groups Distribution (II) For a migration/mutation ratio, higher utilities with smaller groups m/m = 0.3 utility = 0.55 utility = 0.72
- 21. End Questions?