The document is a geotechnical investigation report for a proposed check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre, Nepal. It details field investigations including three boreholes and standard penetration tests. Soil samples were collected and tested in the laboratory to determine properties. The report finds that subsurface soils consist of cohesionless silty sand and silty clay with low plasticity. Groundwater was encountered at shallow depths. Bearing capacity analysis was performed and allowable bearing pressures were calculated based on standard methods. Recommendations for dam foundation type and construction materials were provided based on the investigation results.
The document provides a summary of a geotechnical investigation report for a proposed check dam construction site. Three boreholes were drilled and standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted at 1.5m intervals to determine soil properties. Laboratory tests including specific gravity, moisture content, particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit tests were performed on soil samples. Subsurface exploration found soils to have SPT values ranging from 3 to 60. The report provides tables with soil properties and allowable bearing capacities for foundations of varying widths at 0.86m depth.
SOIL EXPLORATION AND GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN OF A FOUNDATIONIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a soil exploration and geotechnical design study for the foundation of a proposed multi-story commercial building. It first describes conducting a site investigation that included borehole drilling, soil sampling, and laboratory testing to characterize the soil properties. The results indicated the soil at shallow depths was unsuitable to support the building loads with a shallow foundation. Therefore, a pile foundation was selected, with the design involving calculating the load capacity of piles based on their end bearing into stronger soil or rock layers at depth. The document provides details of the site location, soil conditions, shallow foundation capacity calculations, and pile foundation design methodology.
This document describes an internship report on the mix design of dry lean concrete. It was submitted as a requirement for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The internship was conducted under the guidance of faculty at CSIR- Central Road Research Institute and Madhav Institute of Technology & Science. The report includes an introduction to concrete and its materials, rigid pavements, dry lean concrete, and the methodology used for mix design testing and analysis during the internship. The objective was to study mix design of dry lean concrete and determine material properties in the hardened state.
The document provides guidelines on geotechnical investigations and rock mass classification for tunnel design and construction in India. It discusses the objectives and phases of geotechnical investigations, including preliminary studies, pre-construction planning, and construction phase investigations. It also describes several rock mass classification systems used for tunnel design, including Terzaghi's system, Rock Quality Designation (RQD), and Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The guidelines aim to help engineers properly design, construct and maintain tunnels in India.
Survey camp report pashchimanchal campus and kali khola field surveyAnil Basnet
The document summarizes the survey camp report of a group of civil engineering students from Tribhuwan University. The students conducted a 10-day survey camp from Kartik 11th to 20th where they performed topographic surveying of an area, proposed a road alignment, and selected a bridge site. The report documents the fieldwork methodology, observations, calculations, and drawings produced by the students to fulfill the objectives of gaining practical surveying skills.
Civil_Geotech Engg Proposal of new and details of existing PG programmes afte...nitrrfie
The civil engineering department proposes a new 2-year MTech program in Geotechnical Engineering with 10 seats. Justification includes the scope of infrastructure projects in Chhattisgarh requiring geotechnical expertise, employability in sectors like mining and construction, and availability of infrastructure like laboratories and faculty expertise. Placement data for existing structural engineering and water resources programs show median salaries from Rs. 3.6 lakh to Rs. 10 lakh per annum. The proposal details the curriculum, eligibility criteria, and financial implications of offering scholarships to GATE-qualified students up to Rs. 14.88 lakhs annually.
Suman Jyoti
Madan Ashrit Memorial Technical Collage. Gothatar, Kathmandu
The Report Includes:-
Building (Drawing, Theory and Estimation)
Highway ( Detailing, Theory and Calculation)
Sanitary ( ( Detailing, Theory and Calculation)
Irrigation (Theory only)
The document is a project report submitted by 7 students for their 6th semester civil engineering program. It details an extensive survey project conducted from March 29th to April 12th, 2021 in Kempegowda Layout, Bengaluru. The project involved selecting sites for a new reservoir, dam, and canal to provide water for irrigation near Shree Kshetra Mukthi Naga Temple. Key aspects surveyed included reservoir requirements and planning, dam selection and design, and canal lining material needs. Dimensions for an earthen dam were also designed based on standards.
The document provides a summary of a geotechnical investigation report for a proposed check dam construction site. Three boreholes were drilled and standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted at 1.5m intervals to determine soil properties. Laboratory tests including specific gravity, moisture content, particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit tests were performed on soil samples. Subsurface exploration found soils to have SPT values ranging from 3 to 60. The report provides tables with soil properties and allowable bearing capacities for foundations of varying widths at 0.86m depth.
SOIL EXPLORATION AND GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN OF A FOUNDATIONIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a soil exploration and geotechnical design study for the foundation of a proposed multi-story commercial building. It first describes conducting a site investigation that included borehole drilling, soil sampling, and laboratory testing to characterize the soil properties. The results indicated the soil at shallow depths was unsuitable to support the building loads with a shallow foundation. Therefore, a pile foundation was selected, with the design involving calculating the load capacity of piles based on their end bearing into stronger soil or rock layers at depth. The document provides details of the site location, soil conditions, shallow foundation capacity calculations, and pile foundation design methodology.
This document describes an internship report on the mix design of dry lean concrete. It was submitted as a requirement for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The internship was conducted under the guidance of faculty at CSIR- Central Road Research Institute and Madhav Institute of Technology & Science. The report includes an introduction to concrete and its materials, rigid pavements, dry lean concrete, and the methodology used for mix design testing and analysis during the internship. The objective was to study mix design of dry lean concrete and determine material properties in the hardened state.
The document provides guidelines on geotechnical investigations and rock mass classification for tunnel design and construction in India. It discusses the objectives and phases of geotechnical investigations, including preliminary studies, pre-construction planning, and construction phase investigations. It also describes several rock mass classification systems used for tunnel design, including Terzaghi's system, Rock Quality Designation (RQD), and Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The guidelines aim to help engineers properly design, construct and maintain tunnels in India.
Survey camp report pashchimanchal campus and kali khola field surveyAnil Basnet
The document summarizes the survey camp report of a group of civil engineering students from Tribhuwan University. The students conducted a 10-day survey camp from Kartik 11th to 20th where they performed topographic surveying of an area, proposed a road alignment, and selected a bridge site. The report documents the fieldwork methodology, observations, calculations, and drawings produced by the students to fulfill the objectives of gaining practical surveying skills.
Civil_Geotech Engg Proposal of new and details of existing PG programmes afte...nitrrfie
The civil engineering department proposes a new 2-year MTech program in Geotechnical Engineering with 10 seats. Justification includes the scope of infrastructure projects in Chhattisgarh requiring geotechnical expertise, employability in sectors like mining and construction, and availability of infrastructure like laboratories and faculty expertise. Placement data for existing structural engineering and water resources programs show median salaries from Rs. 3.6 lakh to Rs. 10 lakh per annum. The proposal details the curriculum, eligibility criteria, and financial implications of offering scholarships to GATE-qualified students up to Rs. 14.88 lakhs annually.
Suman Jyoti
Madan Ashrit Memorial Technical Collage. Gothatar, Kathmandu
The Report Includes:-
Building (Drawing, Theory and Estimation)
Highway ( Detailing, Theory and Calculation)
Sanitary ( ( Detailing, Theory and Calculation)
Irrigation (Theory only)
The document is a project report submitted by 7 students for their 6th semester civil engineering program. It details an extensive survey project conducted from March 29th to April 12th, 2021 in Kempegowda Layout, Bengaluru. The project involved selecting sites for a new reservoir, dam, and canal to provide water for irrigation near Shree Kshetra Mukthi Naga Temple. Key aspects surveyed included reservoir requirements and planning, dam selection and design, and canal lining material needs. Dimensions for an earthen dam were also designed based on standards.
The document is a project report submitted by 7 students for their 6th semester civil engineering program. It details an extensive survey project conducted from March 29th to April 12th, 2021 in Kempegowda Layout, Bengaluru. The project involved selecting sites for a new reservoir, dam, and canal to provide water for irrigation near Shree Kshetra Mukthi Naga Temple. Key aspects surveyed included reservoir requirements and planning, dam design options, and canal lining material needs. Dimensions for an earthen dam were also designed based on standards.
1892 soil investigation for foundationsChandra Mouli
This document provides the code of practice for subsurface investigation for foundations in India. It outlines the importance of subsurface exploration to understand soil and groundwater conditions at construction sites. The document discusses site reconnaissance, previous land use history, suitable investigation methods like trial pits, boreholes, geophysical tests. It provides guidance on number and spacing of exploration points based on site size and geology. Exploration depth should be 1.5 times the width of foundation below foundation level. The code aims to help engineers obtain complete subsurface information for foundation design and construction.
The compaction is the usual process taken in the construction of the road structure. A particular type of soil has been laid in the work place before laying the soil the reading has been noted down then the compaction process will be carried out. If the layer failed then the re watering/dewatering has to be made then again the rolling has to be carried out in this process lot of time and labour and the finance will be wasted in this project the soil sample will be collected and tested in the laboratory and the number of passing for each type of soil will be identified so that if it is implemented in the field then the compaction will be achieved, this help in saving lot of time and manpower and also help in the saving in the financial condition.
Keywords — Put your keywords here, keywords are separated by comma.
The document provides details about a survey camp conducted by civil engineering students. It discusses the objectives of the camp which were to enhance students' practical knowledge of surveying techniques. The camp involved topographic surveying, bridge site surveying, and road alignment surveying. Students gained experience with fieldwork including taking measurements, transferring elevations, and producing maps, plans and profiles from the surveyed data.
This document provides an overview of the geotechnical data and studies conducted by the Exploration Division of the Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) in the Godavari Valley Coalfield. It discusses how over 600 boreholes have been drilled to generate physico-mechanical properties data and geotechnical logs. More than 480 rock mass rating reports and 60 caving index reports have been submitted. Additionally, over 130 geotechnical mapping reports have been conducted for underground and open-pit mines. This data is being compiled into a digital compendium called "COMPENDIUM ON GEO-ENGINEERING DATA OF GODAVARI VALLEY COALFIELD" to facilitate mine planning and management
This project proposal seeks funding to analyze swelling clay near Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu and reconstruct a damaged road. The proposal outlines collecting soil samples from within 2-4 meters of the surface, testing the samples to determine soil consistency, clay content, and mineral composition, and reconstructing the road with a safety factor over 1. The total anticipated budget is 250,000 Nepali rupees.
Structural Analysis for Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete StructureIJERA Editor
The structural element – basement raft of a Beach resort started showing signs of distress within 10 years of completion. This deterioration worsened over the next 3-4 years, rendering the basement floor functionally obsolete. The study aimed to identify the cause of failure by analyzing the structural element for design adequacy and investigating for construction defects. On-site investigations found discrepancies between actual construction and design drawings. Laboratory testing of concrete cores also showed less reinforcement than required. It was concluded that the raft failure was likely due to construction defects. The rehabilitation plan was to discard the existing raft and replace it with a new raft incorporating micro piles.
This document summarizes the evolution of completion designs used by Total Austral in developing shale resources in the Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina over the past decade. It began with vertical exploratory wells to characterize the formation, followed by a short horizontal appraisal well. A pilot phase involved 12 horizontal wells to validate productivity from two zones, using plug-and-perf completions. Operational challenges were addressed. Subsequent phases increased lateral lengths, implemented new technologies like 4D seismic and chemical tracers, and optimized operations to increase production and reduce costs through testing of fracture parameters and improvements to water/proppant logistics and service reliability. The historical experience helped shift to more efficient best practices for unconventional well stimulation.
The document summarizes soil testing performed on the site of a proposed rigid pavement project. Tests included determining the Atterberg limits of the soil, which found the liquid limit to be 27%, plastic limit to be 19%, and plasticity index to be 8. Based on these results, the soil was classified. Compaction and California bearing ratio tests were also performed to determine the optimum moisture content and strength of the soil. Survey work including linear measurement, plane table, and leveling was conducted to obtain data on the site dimensions and ground surface levels.
This project report summarizes the analysis and design of an underground drainage system for the hostel areas of SRM University in Kattankulathur, India. The report outlines the objectives, necessity, scope and methodology of the project. It involves surveying the existing drainage system, analyzing wastewater and stormwater flows, selecting appropriate pipe materials, and designing the pipe network layout, trenches, manholes and cost estimate. The aim is to provide a systematic underground sewerage system to replace the existing open channel drainage and improve sanitation, flooding prevention and environmental protection on campus.
Importance of geological considerations while choosing tunnel sites and align...Buddharatna godboley
This document discusses the importance of geological considerations when selecting sites and alignments for tunnels. It notes that geological investigations are essential for choosing the best route, determining the excavation method, designing the tunnel, assessing costs and stability, and evaluating environmental hazards. The document provides details on how different rock types and geological structures like folding and faulting can impact tunnel construction and design. It emphasizes that understanding the area's geology is crucial for planning tunnels and minimizing risks.
Training report done on Bridge ConstructionSukhdeep Jat
The document provides details about an in-plant training report submitted by Sukhdeep Singh Jat at BSCPL Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd during the construction of a bridge over the Mahanadi River in NH-53 in India. It discusses the company profile, ongoing major projects including road and bridge construction projects, and specifics of the bridge project over the Mahanadi River including the design process, materials used such as different grades of concrete, and machinery employed.
This document is a project report submitted by Anurag Kumar Jha to fulfill the requirements of a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mining Engineering from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur. The project focuses on optimizing stope boundaries in underground mines. It discusses the need for optimization algorithms in mining. It will formulate the optimization problem and develop an economic block model. Experiments will be conducted to evaluate equivalent grade, calculate block economic values, and develop an algorithm to determine the optimum stope position. The goal is to maximize total economic value by selecting blocks for the final mine layout subject to mining constraints and economic parameters.
most final report of industrial training for collegeindrajeet kumar
The topography survey provides essential information for planning and designing the highway project which includes:
- Establishing temporary and permanent benchmarks along the alignment to record elevations
- Mapping the existing road, structures, utilities, buildings, trees etc. within the right of way through coordinate and elevation recording
- Developing a base map showing all relevant existing features to aid the design process
- Transferring survey data to AutoCAD software for detailed drawing preparation
The survey facilitates design of proposed road geometry, structures, pavement layers and right of way requirements.
This document discusses the importance of geotechnical studies for engineering projects. Geotechnical studies provide geotechnical inputs that are incorporated into designs to ensure structures last as long as intended at minimum cost without compromising safety. Investigations depend on the type, size, design and purpose of the project. They are broadly divided into field-based studies like surface and subsurface investigations, and laboratory-based studies. Surface investigations include mapping, while subsurface investigations involve drilling, drifting and geophysical methods. Properties of soil and rock are determined in the field and laboratory. These studies are conducted at various project stages from preliminary to construction. The key aspects investigated include thickness of overburden, depth of bedrock, and presence of weak zones.
RESUME Senior Geotechnical & Material NATM Tunnel Engineer 21032015Mohd Murtaza
- The document is a resume for Murtaza Syed Moh'd applying for the position of Senior Geotechnical & Material Tunnel Engineer.
- Murtaza has over 22 years of experience in civil engineering projects including rail tunnels, bridges, foundations, and soil improvement in India and Saudi Arabia.
- Currently he works as an Additional General Manager in India overseeing a major rail tunnel project involving geological monitoring, support design, and quality control.
- He has also worked on other tunnel, bridge, and geotechnical engineering projects in India and Saudi Arabia involving investigations, testing, design, and construction management.
This document provides the curriculum for civil engineering courses in grades 11 and 12 in Nepal. It aims to produce mid-level civil engineering technicians with the necessary knowledge and skills. The curriculum covers topics like geo-technical engineering, road construction materials and testing, structural analysis and design, and maintenance and rehabilitation of structures. It includes the course structures, objectives, content, instructional methods, and evaluation schemes for each topic. Practical components involve lab tests, site visits, and projects. The goal is to equip students with the abilities required for jobs like inspecting construction projects, testing materials, and ensuring design specifications are met.
This project proposal outlines the design of a 4.5km road between Nawakilli and Balili check post in Pakistan. A team of 6 students led by Amjad Pervez will conduct surveys, soil tests, and design geometrical features like culverts, curves, and causeways. They will use software like GPS and AutoCAD and follow standards from AASHTO for geometric design and pavement design. The objectives are to connect rural areas and increase transportation access. Upon completion, the new road will economically link nearby villages.
An Investigation on Processing and Properties of Recycle Aggregate ConcreteMohammed Alauddin
This document is a thesis submitted by two students, Mohammad Belayet Hossain and Mohammed Alauddin, to the Department of Civil Engineering at Southern University Bangladesh in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Science degrees. The thesis investigates the processing and properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the compressive strength of concrete mixtures containing various percentages of recycled aggregates compared to fresh aggregates. 72 concrete cube specimens were tested at different curing periods up to 32 days. The results showed that concrete containing recycled aggregates achieved 65-84% of the target compressive strength of fresh aggregate concrete.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
The document is a project report submitted by 7 students for their 6th semester civil engineering program. It details an extensive survey project conducted from March 29th to April 12th, 2021 in Kempegowda Layout, Bengaluru. The project involved selecting sites for a new reservoir, dam, and canal to provide water for irrigation near Shree Kshetra Mukthi Naga Temple. Key aspects surveyed included reservoir requirements and planning, dam design options, and canal lining material needs. Dimensions for an earthen dam were also designed based on standards.
1892 soil investigation for foundationsChandra Mouli
This document provides the code of practice for subsurface investigation for foundations in India. It outlines the importance of subsurface exploration to understand soil and groundwater conditions at construction sites. The document discusses site reconnaissance, previous land use history, suitable investigation methods like trial pits, boreholes, geophysical tests. It provides guidance on number and spacing of exploration points based on site size and geology. Exploration depth should be 1.5 times the width of foundation below foundation level. The code aims to help engineers obtain complete subsurface information for foundation design and construction.
The compaction is the usual process taken in the construction of the road structure. A particular type of soil has been laid in the work place before laying the soil the reading has been noted down then the compaction process will be carried out. If the layer failed then the re watering/dewatering has to be made then again the rolling has to be carried out in this process lot of time and labour and the finance will be wasted in this project the soil sample will be collected and tested in the laboratory and the number of passing for each type of soil will be identified so that if it is implemented in the field then the compaction will be achieved, this help in saving lot of time and manpower and also help in the saving in the financial condition.
Keywords — Put your keywords here, keywords are separated by comma.
The document provides details about a survey camp conducted by civil engineering students. It discusses the objectives of the camp which were to enhance students' practical knowledge of surveying techniques. The camp involved topographic surveying, bridge site surveying, and road alignment surveying. Students gained experience with fieldwork including taking measurements, transferring elevations, and producing maps, plans and profiles from the surveyed data.
This document provides an overview of the geotechnical data and studies conducted by the Exploration Division of the Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) in the Godavari Valley Coalfield. It discusses how over 600 boreholes have been drilled to generate physico-mechanical properties data and geotechnical logs. More than 480 rock mass rating reports and 60 caving index reports have been submitted. Additionally, over 130 geotechnical mapping reports have been conducted for underground and open-pit mines. This data is being compiled into a digital compendium called "COMPENDIUM ON GEO-ENGINEERING DATA OF GODAVARI VALLEY COALFIELD" to facilitate mine planning and management
This project proposal seeks funding to analyze swelling clay near Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu and reconstruct a damaged road. The proposal outlines collecting soil samples from within 2-4 meters of the surface, testing the samples to determine soil consistency, clay content, and mineral composition, and reconstructing the road with a safety factor over 1. The total anticipated budget is 250,000 Nepali rupees.
Structural Analysis for Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete StructureIJERA Editor
The structural element – basement raft of a Beach resort started showing signs of distress within 10 years of completion. This deterioration worsened over the next 3-4 years, rendering the basement floor functionally obsolete. The study aimed to identify the cause of failure by analyzing the structural element for design adequacy and investigating for construction defects. On-site investigations found discrepancies between actual construction and design drawings. Laboratory testing of concrete cores also showed less reinforcement than required. It was concluded that the raft failure was likely due to construction defects. The rehabilitation plan was to discard the existing raft and replace it with a new raft incorporating micro piles.
This document summarizes the evolution of completion designs used by Total Austral in developing shale resources in the Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina over the past decade. It began with vertical exploratory wells to characterize the formation, followed by a short horizontal appraisal well. A pilot phase involved 12 horizontal wells to validate productivity from two zones, using plug-and-perf completions. Operational challenges were addressed. Subsequent phases increased lateral lengths, implemented new technologies like 4D seismic and chemical tracers, and optimized operations to increase production and reduce costs through testing of fracture parameters and improvements to water/proppant logistics and service reliability. The historical experience helped shift to more efficient best practices for unconventional well stimulation.
The document summarizes soil testing performed on the site of a proposed rigid pavement project. Tests included determining the Atterberg limits of the soil, which found the liquid limit to be 27%, plastic limit to be 19%, and plasticity index to be 8. Based on these results, the soil was classified. Compaction and California bearing ratio tests were also performed to determine the optimum moisture content and strength of the soil. Survey work including linear measurement, plane table, and leveling was conducted to obtain data on the site dimensions and ground surface levels.
This project report summarizes the analysis and design of an underground drainage system for the hostel areas of SRM University in Kattankulathur, India. The report outlines the objectives, necessity, scope and methodology of the project. It involves surveying the existing drainage system, analyzing wastewater and stormwater flows, selecting appropriate pipe materials, and designing the pipe network layout, trenches, manholes and cost estimate. The aim is to provide a systematic underground sewerage system to replace the existing open channel drainage and improve sanitation, flooding prevention and environmental protection on campus.
Importance of geological considerations while choosing tunnel sites and align...Buddharatna godboley
This document discusses the importance of geological considerations when selecting sites and alignments for tunnels. It notes that geological investigations are essential for choosing the best route, determining the excavation method, designing the tunnel, assessing costs and stability, and evaluating environmental hazards. The document provides details on how different rock types and geological structures like folding and faulting can impact tunnel construction and design. It emphasizes that understanding the area's geology is crucial for planning tunnels and minimizing risks.
Training report done on Bridge ConstructionSukhdeep Jat
The document provides details about an in-plant training report submitted by Sukhdeep Singh Jat at BSCPL Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd during the construction of a bridge over the Mahanadi River in NH-53 in India. It discusses the company profile, ongoing major projects including road and bridge construction projects, and specifics of the bridge project over the Mahanadi River including the design process, materials used such as different grades of concrete, and machinery employed.
This document is a project report submitted by Anurag Kumar Jha to fulfill the requirements of a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mining Engineering from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur. The project focuses on optimizing stope boundaries in underground mines. It discusses the need for optimization algorithms in mining. It will formulate the optimization problem and develop an economic block model. Experiments will be conducted to evaluate equivalent grade, calculate block economic values, and develop an algorithm to determine the optimum stope position. The goal is to maximize total economic value by selecting blocks for the final mine layout subject to mining constraints and economic parameters.
most final report of industrial training for collegeindrajeet kumar
The topography survey provides essential information for planning and designing the highway project which includes:
- Establishing temporary and permanent benchmarks along the alignment to record elevations
- Mapping the existing road, structures, utilities, buildings, trees etc. within the right of way through coordinate and elevation recording
- Developing a base map showing all relevant existing features to aid the design process
- Transferring survey data to AutoCAD software for detailed drawing preparation
The survey facilitates design of proposed road geometry, structures, pavement layers and right of way requirements.
This document discusses the importance of geotechnical studies for engineering projects. Geotechnical studies provide geotechnical inputs that are incorporated into designs to ensure structures last as long as intended at minimum cost without compromising safety. Investigations depend on the type, size, design and purpose of the project. They are broadly divided into field-based studies like surface and subsurface investigations, and laboratory-based studies. Surface investigations include mapping, while subsurface investigations involve drilling, drifting and geophysical methods. Properties of soil and rock are determined in the field and laboratory. These studies are conducted at various project stages from preliminary to construction. The key aspects investigated include thickness of overburden, depth of bedrock, and presence of weak zones.
RESUME Senior Geotechnical & Material NATM Tunnel Engineer 21032015Mohd Murtaza
- The document is a resume for Murtaza Syed Moh'd applying for the position of Senior Geotechnical & Material Tunnel Engineer.
- Murtaza has over 22 years of experience in civil engineering projects including rail tunnels, bridges, foundations, and soil improvement in India and Saudi Arabia.
- Currently he works as an Additional General Manager in India overseeing a major rail tunnel project involving geological monitoring, support design, and quality control.
- He has also worked on other tunnel, bridge, and geotechnical engineering projects in India and Saudi Arabia involving investigations, testing, design, and construction management.
This document provides the curriculum for civil engineering courses in grades 11 and 12 in Nepal. It aims to produce mid-level civil engineering technicians with the necessary knowledge and skills. The curriculum covers topics like geo-technical engineering, road construction materials and testing, structural analysis and design, and maintenance and rehabilitation of structures. It includes the course structures, objectives, content, instructional methods, and evaluation schemes for each topic. Practical components involve lab tests, site visits, and projects. The goal is to equip students with the abilities required for jobs like inspecting construction projects, testing materials, and ensuring design specifications are met.
This project proposal outlines the design of a 4.5km road between Nawakilli and Balili check post in Pakistan. A team of 6 students led by Amjad Pervez will conduct surveys, soil tests, and design geometrical features like culverts, curves, and causeways. They will use software like GPS and AutoCAD and follow standards from AASHTO for geometric design and pavement design. The objectives are to connect rural areas and increase transportation access. Upon completion, the new road will economically link nearby villages.
An Investigation on Processing and Properties of Recycle Aggregate ConcreteMohammed Alauddin
This document is a thesis submitted by two students, Mohammad Belayet Hossain and Mohammed Alauddin, to the Department of Civil Engineering at Southern University Bangladesh in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Science degrees. The thesis investigates the processing and properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the compressive strength of concrete mixtures containing various percentages of recycled aggregates compared to fresh aggregates. 72 concrete cube specimens were tested at different curing periods up to 32 days. The results showed that concrete containing recycled aggregates achieved 65-84% of the target compressive strength of fresh aggregate concrete.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
group 1 final.docx
1. KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
DHULIKHEL, KAVRE
REPORT ON:
GEOTECHINCAL SOIL INVESTIGATION REPORT
OF
CHECK DAM
SUBMITTED TO: - Er. Avishek Shrestha
SUBMITTED BY: -
ABISHEK ACHARYA (01)
NABIN CHAND (11)
NIKESH KHADKA (15)
AVASH PATHAK (34)
DHANANJAY SHAH (45)
NISHCAL THAPALIYA (56)
DATE OF SUBMISSION: - 17 MAY, 2023
2. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 1
Date: 18 May 2023
To,
The Head of Department
Department of Civil engineering
Subject: Submission of Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for
check dam in Batase Dada, Kavre
Dear Sir,
We the students of the Civil Engineering 2019 batch, third year, second-semester Group (1)
writing to submit the geotechnical investigation report for the proposed check dam base at
Batase, Kavre.
We conducted the geotechnical investigation, which involved visiting the proposed site and
conducting various to tests to assess the soil and rock properties, groundwater conditions and
other relevant factors. We also drilled boreholes and collected soil and rock samples for
laboratory test.
This report includes field and laboratory results with conclusion, detailed information on the
soil and rock properties, groundwater conditions and provides recommendations for the
design and construction of the dam including the type of foundation, the materials to be used
and specifications for the dam structure.
Please contact us if you need any more details or clarification.
3. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 2
Table of Contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4
2. Purpose of study.................................................................................................................4
3. Site Location ......................................................................................................................4
4. Geo-Technical Exploration................................................................................................5
4.1 General ........................................................................................................................5
4.2 Field Investigation.......................................................................................................6
4.2.1 Standard Penetration Test (SPT)..........................................................................6
4.2.2 Sample collection.................................................................................................7
4.3 Laboratory Investigation .............................................................................................7
4.3.1 Natural moisture content......................................................................................8
4.3.2 Specific gravity....................................................................................................8
4.3.3 Grain size analysis ...............................................................................................8
4.3.4 Atterberg Limits...................................................................................................8
5. Surface and Surface conditions..........................................................................................9
5.1 Properties of Ground materials ...................................................................................9
5.2 Groundwater Table......................................................................................................9
6. Engineering analysis ........................................................................................................10
6.1 Shallow foundation Analysis ....................................................................................10
6.1.1 Analysis of Allowable bearing pressure ............................................................10
6.2 Summary of Findings................................................................................................15
6.2.1 Calculation of Allowable Bearing pressure from IS code .................................15
6.2.2 Calculation of Bearing Pressure from Bowels...................................................16
6.3 RESULTS..................................................................................................................17
7. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................18
8. Recommendation and Discussion....................................................................................18
9. References and Standards ................................................................................................19
ANNEX I – BOREHOLE LOG...............................................................................................20
ANNEX II – LABORATORY TEST RESULTS....................................................................24
ANNEX III- PHOTOGRAPHS...............................................................................................34
4. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 3
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Location Map of proposed Site ...................................................................................5
Figure 2: Performing Standard Penetration Test .......................................................................6
Figure 3 Sample Collection of different bore holes...................................................................7
Figure 4: Flow chart of different types of correction of SPT N value....................................11
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Soil characteristics of different boreholes ...................................................................9
Table 2. Corrected SPT Values recorded from the field i.e. different borehole......................13
Table 3. Bearing Capacity factors............................................................................................14
5. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 4
1. Introduction
For the safe and economic infrastructural development, it is important that subsoil conditions
at any proposed civil engineering site be properly investigated prior to commencement of the
final design or construction activities. Generally, the overall investigation should be detailed
enough to provide sufficient information for the geotechnical engineer to reach conclusions
regarding the site suitability, design criteria and environmental impact. Both laboratory and in
situ or field techniques are routinely used to obtain information about engineering properties
of rocks and soils. This report focuses on the standard penetration test (SPT) which is one of
the relatively cost-effective and informative field techniques most commonly used in
subsurface exploration.
This report presents the results of geotechnical investigation conducted, laboratory results and
recommendation for the proposed construction site i.e. check dam at Batase, Kavre. This
report covers boreholes drilled at various locations including three boreholes. To determine
how compact the soil layers were in the field, Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) and Dynamic
Cone Penetration Tests (DPCT) were carried out as efficiently as possible at 1.5m depth
intervals. Report is limited to defining parameters and specifying safe bearing capacity.
2. Purpose of study
Following are the purpose of site investigation:
Evaluate the soil and rock properties at proposed site.
Determine the site’s suitability for construction a check dam
Identify potential issues that could affect the stability and safety of dam.
Develop recommendations for the design and construction of the dam structures.
Determine the type of foundation that would be suitable for the site,
Identify suitable materials to be used in construction.
Provide guidance for the design and construction.
3. Site Location
The site is located in Kavre district of Bagmati Province of Nepal. The project site can be
accessed by B.P highway. The project area lies about 5km south-east of Dhulikhel and is
connected with BP highway upto the project site.
6. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 5
Coordinates:
Latitude: 27.6033741o
E and Longitude: 85.5556795o
N
Figure 1 Location Map of proposed Site
4. Geo-Technical Exploration
4.1 General
Geotechnical exploration are performed by the engineers or geologist to obtain information
on the physical properties of soil and rock formations at a particular site. This exploration
process typically involves a combination of field and laboratory exploration. The
geotechnical exploration process typically begins with a site visit and visual inspection of the
area to be explored. This is followed by a detailed site investigation, which may include
drilling and sampling of soil, conducting geophysical surveys and collecting data on
groundwater levels. Laboratory testing is then performed on the samples collected during the
investigation, to determine their physical and chemical properties. The results of the
7. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 6
geotechnical exploration are then analyzed and interpreted by engineers and other
professionals to develop the recommendations for the site design and construction.
4.2 Field Investigation
The proposed geo-technical investigation was performed to characterize the subsurface
condition at the site, to evaluate the bearing capacity of foundation soil and to recommend
safe bearing capacity for different type of foundation.
Field investigation work was carrier 04 May 2023. Drilling works were carried out. The
sides of the boreholes were lined with 150mm casing pipes. For the site, three boreholes
BH1, BH2 and BH3 was drilled.
4.2.1 Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
Standard Penetration test (SPT) were carried out in the boreholes at average depth intervals of
15cm. Spilt spoon sampler of 35mm internal diameter and 50 mm external diameter coupled
with a standard cutting shoe at its lower end was driven into the ground at the base of the
borehole by means of a 63.5 kg hammer falling from a height of 760 mm. After an initial 150
mm seating penetration the sampler was driven to a further depth of 150mm twice to reach
the final depth. The sum of the number of blows required to reach the two-last final 150 mm
depth was recorded as the N- value.
Figure 2: Performing Standard Penetration Test
8. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 7
4.2.2 Sample collection
The samples obtained in the split spoon barrel of SPT tube during SPT tests were preserved
as representative disturbed samples. The disturbed samples recovered were placed in air-tight
transparent plastic bags, labelled properly for identification and finally sealed to avoid any
loss of moisture. Only then the samples were taken to the laboratory for the further
investigation.
Figure 3 Sample Collection of different bore holes
4.3 Laboratory Investigation
All the requisite laboratory tests were carried out in accordance with IS standard
specifications. Standard laboratory test was carried out to characterize the soil strata. The
laboratory test includes the following tests: Moisture Content, Specific Gravity, Sieve
Analysis and Atterberg Limits.
9. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 8
4.3.1 Natural moisture content
The natural water was determined from samples recovered from the split spoon sampler. The
samples were kept in an oven for 24 hrs after which the weight of sample was measured
again to determine the water content present in the soil.
4.3.2 Specific gravity
The specific gravity test is made on the soil sample which was grounded to pass 2.0mm IS
sieve. Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the weight of a given volume of soil particles
in air to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at a temperature of 20o
C. It is
important for computing most of the soil properties e.g. void ratio, unit weight, particle size
determination by hydrometer, degree of saturation etc. This method covers determination of
the specific gravity of soils by means of a pycnometer.
4.3.3 Grain size analysis
Grain size distribution was determined by dry sieving process. Sieve analysis was carried out
by sieving a soil sample through sieves of known sieve size (e.g. 4.75mm, 2mm, 1.18mm,
425, 300, 150and 75 microns) by keeping one over the other, the largest size being at the top
and the smallest size at the bottom. The soil is placed on the top sieve and shake for 10
minutes using mechanical shaker. The soil retained on each sieve was weighed and expressed
as a percentage of the weight of sample.
4.3.4 Atterberg Limits
The physical properties of fine-grained soils get affected with water content. Depending upon
the amount of water present in a fine grained soil, it can be in liquid, plastic or solid
consistency states. The Atterberg Test was used for determining the consistency of a cohesive
soil. The sample to be used was passed through the 425 μm. The dry soil was mixed with
distilled water using a palette knife on a glass plate and thus formed a thick paste was kept in
oven dry for 24 hr to determine moisture content on it.
10. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 9
5. Surface and Surface conditions
5.1 Properties of Ground materials
From the field investigation, a generalized subsurface soil characteristic data visualized from
the three borehole is presented in table below:
Table 1: Soil characteristics of different boreholes
Borehole Depth Soil characteristics of borehole
BH1
Dam
Axis-2
0.86 Cohesionless, Grayish, low plastic
BH 1
Dam
Axis-1
0.71 Cohesionless, Grayish-black, silty clay mixed with pebbles, low
plastic
BH 2
Dam
Axis-2
0.83 Brownish black, silty sand, low plastic highly loose
5.2 Groundwater Table
Determination of the location of ground water table is an essential part of any exploratory
programme as the groundwater level affects the pore water pressure and hence the shear
strength pf soil. The position of groundwater can be estimated through observations of open
wells at the site or in the vicinity. Boreholes can also be used for recording water levels by
allowing the water in boring to reach equilibrium level. It is easy in sandy soils as water gets
stabilized very quickly within few hours. But in clayey soil it might take many days. The
readings should be made at least 12 to 24 hrs after boring and compared with water levels in
the wells existing in that area.
11. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 10
6. Engineering analysis
6.1 Shallow foundation Analysis
6.1.1 Analysis of Allowable bearing pressure
The maximum allowable net loading intensity on the soil at which the soil neither fails in
shear nor undergoes excessive or intolerable settlement detrimental to the structure is
allowable bearing capacity and also called design bearing capacity. This is the minimum of
safe bearing capacity and safe bearing pressure. Analysis to determine the ultimate bearing
capacity and the pressure corresponding to a specified maximum settlement were performed.
6.1.1.1 SPT correction
Corrections for field procedures are always appropriate, but the overburden pressure
correction may or may not be appropriate depending on the procedure by those who
developed the analysis method under consideration. For cohesive soil there is no need for
overburden pressure correction (Peck et al, 1974 pp.114). For cohesionless soil at first
overburden pressure correction is made, then if it is fine sand or silt under water table with N
value > 15, dilatancy correction is made. For coarse sand dilatancy correction is not required.
Correction process can be represented by flowchart as shown in figure below:
12. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 11
Different types of corrections are described briefly:
6.1.1.1.1 Correction of SPT Value for Field Procedures
On the basis of field observations, it appears reasonable to standardize the field SPT number
as a function of the input driving energy and its dissipation around the sampler around the
surrounding soil. The variations in testing procedures may be at least partially compensated
by converting the measured N to N60 as follows (Skempton, 1986)
N60 = EHCBCsCRN/0.60
Where, N60= SPT N value corrected for field procedure
EH= Hammer Efficiency
CB= Borehole diameter correction
CS= Sample Correction
CR= Rod length correction
N= SPT N value recorded in the field
The correction factors taken are:
Figure 4: Flow chart of different types of correction of SPT N value
13. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 12
EH = 0.55 for hand drop hammer,
CB = 1.0 for 65 mm to 115 mm dia. Borehole,
CS = 1.0 for standard sampler,
CR = 0.85 for rod length 4 – 5.99 m
6.1.1.1.2 Correction of SPT Value for overburden pressure
In cohesionless soils, the overburden pressure affects the penetration resistance. For SPT
made at shallow levels, the values are usually too low. At a greater depth, the same soil at the
same density index would give higher penetration resistance. It was only as late as in 1957
that Gibbs and Holtz (1957) suggested that corrections should be made for field SPT values
for depth. Modified correction in 1974, Peck, Hanson and Thornburn with suggested standard
pressure of corresponding to a depth of 5 m of soil with bulk density 20 kN/m2
can be
represented by the following equation:
(N1)60 = N60Cn
Cn = 0.77log(2000/po)
6.1.1.1.3 Correction of SPT value for water Table
In addition to corrections of overburden, investigators suggested corrections of SPT- value
for water table in the case of fine sand or silt below water table. Apparently, high N-values
may be observed especially when observed value is higher than 15 due to dilatancy effect. In
saturated, fine or silty, dense or very dense sand the N- values may be abnormally great
because of the tendency of such materials to dilate during shear under undrained condtions.
The pore pressure affects the resistance of the soil and hence the N-value. In such cases,
following correction is recommended (Terzaghi and Peck, 1948).
(N1)60 (CORR) = 15 +
1
2
[ (N1)60-15]
14. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 13
Table 2. Corrected SPT Values recorded from the field i.e. different borehole
6.1.1.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure based on strength
IS : 6403-1981 gives the equation for the net ultimate bearing capacity, which is similar to
the ones proposed by Vesic,
In case of general shear failure:
Qu = cNcscdcic + q(Nq -1) sqdqiq+ 0.5B𝛾N𝛾 s𝛾d𝛾i𝛾w׳
In case of local shear failure:
Qu =
2
3
cN׳cscdcic + q(N׳q -1) sqdqiq+ 0.5B𝛾N׳𝛾 s𝛾d𝛾i𝛾 w׳
Where,
Qu = ultimate bearing pressure, t/m2
c= cohesion in t/m2
Nc, Nq, N𝛾 = bearing capacity factors
sc, sq, s𝛾= shape factors
dc, dq, d𝛾= depth factors
ic, iq, i𝛾 = inclination factors
q = effective surcharge at the base level of foundation in t/m2
S.N. Borehole
Test
Depth
(m)
Equivalent
SPT
value
(N-value)
Field
Energy
Corection
(N60)
Overburden
Correction
(N1)60
Dilatency
Correction
(N1)cor60
Final
Adopted
N value
Unit
Weight
kN/m3
1
BH-1
Dam Axis
2 0.86 63 49.1 80.4 48 48 20
2
BH-1
Dam Axis
3 0.71 165 47.5 79.58 48 48 20
3
BH-1
Dam Axis
4 0.83 6 5.1 8.7 8.74 9 17
15. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 14
B= width of the footing in m
𝛾 = bulk unit weight of sample in t/m3
w= correction factor for location of sample in t/m3
For obtaining values of N׳c, N׳q, N׳𝛾, we calculate 𝜑׳ = tan−1
(0.67 tan 𝜑) and from
the table read corresponding values of 𝜑′ instead for 𝜑.
Table 3. Bearing Capacity factors
Angle of friction, 𝜑
(degree)
𝑁𝑐, 𝑁𝑞 𝑁𝛾
0 5.14 1 0
5 6.49 1.57 0.45
10 8.35 2.47 1.22
15 10.98 3.94 2.65
20 14.83 6.4 5.39
25 20.72 10.66 10.88
30 30.14 18.4 22.4
35 46.12 33.3 48.03
40 75.31 64.2 109.41
45 138.88 134.88 271.76
50 266.89 319.07 762.89
The chosen value of bearing capacity factors, depth factors, shape factors and
inclination factors are:
S.N Nq Nץ Sq Sץ dq dץ iq iץ ϕ ϕ׳
BH-1, Dam Axis 2 45.56 72.58 1.75 0.6 1.2 1.2 1 1 48 37
BH-1, Dam Axis 1 38.51 57.78 1.73 0.6 1.2 1.2 0.98 0.98 47 36
BH-2, Dam Axis 1 5.17 4.02 1.2 0.6 1.06 1.061 1 1 17 12
16. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 15
6.1.1.3 Bowles Correlation
The strata are generally compressible for general loading conditions thus settlement analysis
should be considered for the project site. So the settlement of the foundation could be
checked for maximum permissible values of 65/100 mm for cohesive layers and 40/50 mm
for cohesionless layers respectively. Using Meyerhof’s (1965) & Bowles (1997) correlation:
Where,
N60= Standard Penetration Value
B= width
S= settlement (mm)
fd= 1+033(D/B)
Rw2= water correction factor
6.2 Summary of Findings
The calculation of allowable bearing pressure of shallow footings considering capacity and
allowable settlement of 40 mm for isolated footings.
6.2.1 Calculation of Allowable Bearing pressure from IS code
i. BH-1, Dam Axis 2
Allowable Bearing pressure, kN/m2 (FOS=3)
Depth,m
Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.83 2226.35 2356.98 2487.63 2618.22 2748.91
Qall 742.12 785.66 829.21 872.74 916.30
17. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 16
ii. BH-1, Dam Axis 1
Allowable Bearing pressure, kN/m2
Depth,m
Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.71 2438.64 2253.26 2209.65 2104.96 2067.89
Using FS= 3
Qa 812.88 751.09 736.55 701.65 689.30
iii. BH-2, Dam Axis 1
Allowable Bearing pressure, kN/m2 (FOS=3)
Depth,m
Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.86 127.86 126.99 129.12 132.45 136.37
Qall 42.62 42.33 43.04 44.15 45.46
6.2.2 Calculation of Bearing Pressure from Bowels
i. BH-1, Dam Axis 2
Allowable bearing pressure based on settlement of 40mm, kN/m2
Depth,m Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.83,
Qall 2342.066 1771.67 1524.384 1387.467 1300.805
ii. BH-1, Dam Axis 1
Allowable bearing pressure based on settlement of 40mm, kN/m2
Depth,m
Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.71 1556.39 1435.17 1374.56 1338.20 1313.96
Using FS= 3
Qa 518.80 478.39 458.19 446.07 437.99
18. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 17
iii. BH-2, Dam Axis 1
Allowable bearing pressure based on settlement of 40mm, kN/m2
Depth,m Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.86, Qall 426.4511 322.5916 277.565 252.6347 236.855
6.3 RESULTS
From the 6.2.1 and 6.2.2, the minimum allowable pressure is the required allowable
bearing pressure.
i. BH-1, Dam Axis 2
Allowable Bearing Pressure in kN/m2
Depth,m Width of foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.83, Qall 742.12 785.66 829.21 872.74 916.30
ii. BH-1, Dam Axis 1
Allowable Bearing Pressure in kN/m2
Depth,m
Width of
foundation, m
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
0.71 1556.39 1435.17 1374.56 1338.20 1313.96
Using FS= 3
Qa 518.80 478.39 458.19 446.07 437.99
iii. BH-2, Dam Axis 1
Allowable Bearing Pressure in kN/m2
Depth,m Width of foundation, m
0.86 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Qall 42.62 42.33 43.04 44.15 45.46
19. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 18
7. Conclusion
In conclusion, the geotechnical investigation utilizing the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
has provided valuable insights into the subsurface conditions at the site of interest. Through
careful planning, execution, and analysis of the SPT, important information regarding soil
composition, density, and strength has been obtained. The test results have allowed for the
characterization of the subsurface layers, identification of potential geotechnical hazards, and
the design of appropriate foundation systems and construction techniques. The SPT data
collected during the investigation has been analyzed and interpreted, leading to a
comprehensive understanding of the soil behavior and its implications for the proposed
project. This information is vital for making informed engineering decisions and ensuring the
safety and stability of structures. It is important to note that the reliability and accuracy of the
SPT results depend on various factors, including the expertise of the personnel performing
the test, the calibration of equipment, and the representative sampling of soil. As such, all
efforts have been made to adhere to recognized industry standards and guidelines during the
investigation. While the SPT provides valuable data, it is recommended to supplement the
findings with additional geotechnical testing and analysis methods, as necessary, to obtain a
more comprehensive understanding of the site's subsurface conditions. This may include
laboratory testing, cone penetration testing, or other in-situ testing techniques.
8. Recommendation and Discussion
In conclusion, the geotechnical investigation utilizing the Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
has provided valuable insights into the subsurface conditions at the site of interest. Through
careful planning, execution, and analysis of the SPT, important information regarding soil
composition, density, and strength has been obtained. The test results have allowed for the
characterization of the subsurface layers, identification of potential geotechnical hazards, and
the design of appropriate foundation systems and construction techniques. The SPT data
collected during the investigation has been analyzed and interpreted, leading to a
comprehensive understanding of the soil behavior and its implications for the proposed
project. This information is vital for making informed engineering decisions and ensuring the
safety and stability of structures. It is important to note that the reliability and accuracy of the
SPT results depend on various factors, including the expertise of the personnel performing
the test, the calibration of equipment, and the representative sampling of soil. As such, all
efforts have been made to adhere to recognized industry standards and guidelines during the
investigation. While the SPT provides valuable data, it is recommended to supplement the
findings with additional geotechnical testing and analysis methods, as necessary, to obtain a
more comprehensive understanding of the site's subsurface conditions. This may include
laboratory testing, cone penetration testing, or other in-situ testing techniques.
20. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 19
9. References and Standards
1. Wazoh, H. N and Mallo, S. J, (2014). Standard Penetration Test in Engineering
Geological site Investigations, International Journal Of Engineering,3, 7: 40-48
2. Khaleel Hussian, Dow Bin and Ali Asghar, (2022). Geotechnical Parameter
Assessment and Bearing Capacity Analysis for The Foundation Design, Earth Science
Malaysia, 6, 2: 136-145
3. Joseph E. Bowles, P.E., S.E, (1968). Foundation Analysis And Design, 5th
Edition.
4. Barbara Schneider-Muntau, Iman Bathaeian, (2018), Simulation Of Settlement And
Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations, International Journal on Geomathematics
9:359-375
5. Abou-mater, H., and Goble, G.G., (1997), SPT dynamic analysis and measurements,
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, October, pp 921-928
6. West Argyle Street, Jackson, (2008). Estimating Shear Strength Properties of Soils
Using SPT Blow counts: An Energy Balance Approach, ASCE Geotechincal Special
Publication No. 179, ISBN 978-0-7844-0972-5
7. Md Manzur Rahman (2019). Foundation Design Using Standard Penetration Test
(SPT) N-value, https:// www.researchgare.net/publication/318110370
8. IS 2720: Part 2: 1973 Methods of test for soils: part 2 Determination of water content
(Second revision) 1973 Soil Foundation Engineering
9. IS 2720: Part 4: 1985 Methods of Test for Soils – Part I: Grain Size Analysis (Second
revision) 1985 Soil and foundation engineering
10. IS 6403: 1981 Code of practice for determination of bearing capacity of shallow
foundations
21. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 20
ANNEX I – BOREHOLE LOG
22. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 21
Project: Geotechnical Investigation Works at Batase Check Dam
Location: Batase Danda
Client:
BoreholeNo: BH-1DamAxis2 Co-ordinate
Initition Date: 2023-05-04 Northing:
Completion Date: 2023-05-04 Easting:
SPT 15 cm 30 cm 45 cm
Greyish,cohessionless,SandyClay,SL-CL 0.87m
SoilDescription
Symbol
Depth,
m
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
28-kilo,Dhulikhel,Nepal
DepartmentofCiviland GeomaticsEngineering
BORE LOG
0.45m
Water
level,
m
N-Value
Sample No.
&Type
No. ofblows
SPT 6 21 42 63
23. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 22
Project: GeotechnicalInvestigation WorksatBataseCheck Dam
Location: BataseDanda
Client: Kathmandu University
BoreholeNo: BH-1,Borehole1 Co-ordinate
InititionDate: 2023-05-04 Northing: 27°36'6.22"N
CompletionDate: 2023-05-04 Easting: 85°33'22.05"E
SPT/DCPT
15/10
cm
30/20
cm
45/30
cm
0.6m
3.0m DCPT 8 25 40 49
10 50/10 >50
1.5m DCPT 10 50/8 >50
No.ofblows
KATHMANDUUNIVERSITY
FacultyofEngineering
DepartmentofCivilEngineering
Dhulikhel,Kavre
BOREHOLELOG
SoilDescription
Symbol
SPT
N-Value
GreyishBlack,Dense,Non-plastic,Gravelly soilwithclay (GC-GW)
Depth,
m
Water
level,
m
SampleNo.
&Type
0.71m SPT
0
1.5
3
0 10 20 30 40 50
24. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 23
Project: GeotechnicalInvestigationWorksatBataseCheckDam
Location: BataseDanda
Client:
BoreholeNo: BH-2,DamAxis1 Co-ordinate
InititionDate: 2023-05-04 Northing:
CompletionDate: 2023-05-04 Easting:
SPT 15cm 30cm 45cm
0.45m
Water
level,
m
N-Value
SampleNo.
&Type
No.ofblows
SPT 3 3 3 6
KATHMANDUUNIVERSITY
28-kilo,Dhulikhel,Nepal
DepartmentofCivilandGeomaticsEngineering
BORELOG
GreyishBlackSoil,InorganicSiltofLowCompressibility 0.87m
SoilDescription
Symbol
Depth,
m
25. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 24
ANNEX II – LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
26. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 25
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
TEST RESULT SIMMARY SHEET
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam
Location:- Batase, Kavre
Non-Plastic Soil
Non-Plastic Soil
Non-Plastic Soil
1.34
2.34
15.13
17.93
2.5
2.67
16.9 2.69
BH 1
Dam Axis 1
BH 2
Dam Axis 2
0.71
0.83
18.98
19.98
82.68
83.68
BH 1
Dam Axis 2
0.86 17.98 81.68 0.34
Moisture
content
%
Specific
Gravity
Atterberg's Limit Test
LL
(%)
PL
(%)
PI
Depth
(m)
Grain Size Distribution
Borehole
No. Clay &Silt
%
Sand
%
Gravel
%
27. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 26
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
Natural Moisture Content (IS 2720-2 (1973))
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam
Location:- Batase, Kavre
1
2
3
4
1
2
3 22.85
1
2
3
17.93
15.12
38.44
14.82
14.68
15.86
15.14
21.75
16.91
53.86
63.7
61.25
42.21
38.57
45.24
42.03
41.22
58.07
69.96
67.34
BH 1
Dam Axis-1
BH 2
DAM AXIS-1
0.83
0.71
25.45
21.05
22.2
22.66
22
Average
moisture
content(w%)
Test
26.93 34.44
Borehole
No.
Depth
(m)
Weight of
Can (gm)
Weight of
wet soil+
can (gm)
Weight of
dry soil+can
(gm)
36.25
44.43
35.81
35.72
Moisture
content
(%)
13.59
15.43
14.47
27.13
22.27
20.29
16.90
BH 1
Dam Axis-2
0.86
42.36
34
33.77
24.10
28. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 27
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
Specific Gravity Test
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam
Location:- Batase, Kavre
Weight of pycnometerfilledwithwater(gm)
2.50
BH2
Dam Axis-1
0.83
520
552
1570
1550
2.67
2.69
Specific Gravity
1560
BH1
Dam Axis-1
0.71
495
570
1585
1540
Weight of pycnometer,soilandwater(gm)
Description
BH1
DamAxis-2
0.86
525
560
1582
Weight of drypycnometer+ soil(gm)
Depth(inmeters)
Weight of cleananddrypycnometer(gm)
29. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 28
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720 (Part 4)-1985):
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH1
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-2
Depth:- 0.86m
Sieve
%
passing
4.75 mm 99.66
2 mm 93.38
1.18 mm 86.89
1 mm 85.63
0.6 mm 82.52
0.425 mm 80.90
0.3 mm 77.64
0.25 mm 77.39
0.15 mm 67.81
0.075 mm 18.32
Clay/SILT Sand Gravel
18.32% 81.34% 0.34%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.01
0.1
1
10
%
Passing
Particle Size, mm
30. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 29
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720 (Part 4)-1985):
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH1
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-1
Depth:- 0.71 m
% passing
4.75 mm 63.74
2 mm 58.70
1.18 mm 35.54
1 mm 35.44
0.6 mm 29.84
0.425 mm 27.56
0.3 mm 24.09
0.25 mm 21.85
0.15 mm 21.72
0.075 mm 15.55
Sieve
Clay/SILT Sand Gravel
0.07% 63.67% 36.26%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.01
0.1
1
10
%
Passing
Particle size, mm
31. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 30
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720 (Part 4)-1985):
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH1
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-
Depth:- 0.83m
Clay/SILT Sand Gravel
7.61% 86.62% 5.77%
% passing
4.75 mm 94.23
2 mm 76.02
1.18 mm 56.77
1 mm 52.09
0.6 mm 44.54
0.425 mm 38.52
0.3 mm 28.74
0.25 mm 24.69
0.15 mm 14.65
0.075 mm 7.61
Sieve
%
Passing
Particle Size, mm
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.01
0.1
1
10
32. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 31
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
LIQUID LIMIT TEST
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH1
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-2
Depth:- 0.86m
29%
From graph, Liquid Limit
1 2 3
22.77 22.96 22.94
41.62 33.23 32.38
37.34 31.02 30.28
29.38 27.42 28.61
28 48 24
Test No:
Description
Mass of container, W1
Mass of container + wer soil, W2
Masss of container+ dry soil, W3
Moisture content, %
Number of blows, N
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Moisture
percent
No. of Blows
33. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 32
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
LIQUID LIMIT TEST
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH1
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-1
Depth:- 0.71 m
Description
Test No:
1 2 3
Mass of container, W1 22.42 20.66 20.61
Mass of container + wet soil, W2 30.25 31.89 33.28
Mass of container+ dry soil, W3 28.53 29.43 30.57
Moisture content, w 28.15 28.05 27.21
Number of blows, N 13 26 36
From graph, Liquid Limit 27.8%
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Moisture
percent
No. of Blows
34. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 33
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Department of Civil Engineering
Dhulikhel, Kavre
LIQUID LIMIT TEST
Project:- Geotechincal Investigation for check dam Borehoe:- BH 2
Location:- Batase, Kavre Sample:- Dam Axis-1
Depth:- 0.83 m
1 2 3
23.11 22.42 22.68
34.25 29.23 33.17
31.51 27.66 30.91
32.62 29.96 27.46
15 20 35
Mass of container, W1
Mass of container + wet soil, W2
Masss of container+ dry soil, W3
Moisture content, w
Number of blows, N
Test No:
Description
From graph, Liquid Limit 29.58%
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Moisture
percent
No. of Blows
35. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 34
ANNEX III- PHOTOGRAPHS
36. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 35
Setting up tripod and rope for SPT test SPT test
Bore Hole Measuring water table inside the borehole
37. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 36
Sample collected from SPT
barrel from BH1
Sample collected from SPT
barrel from BH3
Sieve Analysis Moisture content test
38. Final Report for the Geotechnical Investigation for check dam in Batase Danda, Kavre
GROUP -1 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENIGNEERING
GROUP-1: Department of Civil Engineering, Dhulikhel, May 2023 Page | 37
Specific gravity Casagrande’s Liquid Limit test