The greenhouse effect occurs when gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, causing the surface temperature of the Earth to be warmer than it would be otherwise. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane absorb and emit infrared radiation, trapping heat and leading to global warming. Increased concentrations of greenhouse gases from human activities are amplifying the greenhouse effect and further warming the atmosphere and Earth. Solutions to prevent additional global warming include increasing the use of renewable energy, reforestation, and conservation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

1. Greenhouse effect

2. ObjectivesAfter this lesson, students should be able to:Define the term greenhouse effect.Explain the mechanisms of greenhouse effect.Explain what are the effects of global warming on Earth and its inhabitant.State and discuss the problems that would be brought up by global warming.Discuss the solutions to prevent global warming.

3. Introduction

4. Introduction to Greenhouse effectWhat happens to a car that has been sitting in the sun on a hot day with all its windows rolled up?

6. What is “Greenhouse effect”?

7. What is “Greenhouse effect”?The Greenhouse effect is caused by an atmosphere containing gases that absorb and emit infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases trap heat within the surface-troposphere system, causing heating at the surface of the Earth.Mechanisms of Greenhouse effect

8. Mechanisms of Greenhouse effectSunlight brings energy into the climate system; most of it is absorbed by the oceans and land.1THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT:Heat (infrared energy) radiates outward from the warmed surface of the Earth.Some of the infrared energy is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which re-emit the energy in all directions.23

9. Mechanisms of Greenhouse effectSome of the infrared energy further warms the Earth.Some of the infrared energy is emitted into space.45

10. Global warming

11. Mechanisms of Amplified Greenhouse effectAMPLIFIED GREENHOUSE EFFECT:Higher concentrations of CO2 and other "greenhouse" gases trap more infrared energy in the atmosphere than occurs naturally. The additional heat further warms the atmosphere and Earth’s surface.Sunlight brings energy into the climate system; most of it is absorbed by the oceans and land.61

12. Greenhouse gasesMajor greenhouse gases are:Water vapourCarbon dioxideMethane Nitrous oxideOzoneChloroflurocarbon (CFC)

13. Causes of Global WarmingThese are the major causes of global warming:Volcanic eruptionSolar and orbital variations.Human activities (due to the increasing human population)Burning of fossil fuel.Clearing of rainforest.

14. Problems caused by global warmingIncrease in global temperature.Melting of ice in Polar Regions.Rising of sea level.Increase in extreme weather events.Mass extinction of flora and fauna species.

17. Solutions to prevent global warmingUse of Renewable energy.WindHydroelectricWavesSolarThermalUse of Nuclear to generate energy.Reforestation.Conservation of energy.

18. SUMMARYDefinition of “Greenhouse effect”. Simple description of the mechanisms. Increase in Greenhouse gases results in Global Warming. Solutions to halt the increase in greenhouse gases.