Greatest ict personalities
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Many Scientist, Visionaries and engineers have contributed significant to the development of Information and communication technology.
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This is a requirement powerpoint presentaion project which talks about the periods of ICT's evoution, from Pre-maechanical to Present Electronic Age...
Charles babbage - Father of Computing.
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Charles Babbage was an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer who originated the concept of a programmable computer.
Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer that eventually led to more complex designs.
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Charles babbage - Father of Computing.
He is Considered a “father of the computer“.
Charles Babbage was an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer who originated the concept of a programmable computer.
Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer that eventually led to more complex designs.
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The telephone has evolved dramatically since Alexander Graham Bell patented the first electric telephone in 1876. Early phones required manual operation by switchboard operators to connect calls. As demand grew, automatic exchanges run by computers replaced human operators by the 1920s. Phones transitioned from wall-mounted landlines to portable cordless phones to today's smartphones that provide extensive computing capabilities beyond just voice calls. The iPhone transformed the industry with its touchscreen interface and integration of apps, internet, email and more.
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The document discusses the history and development of information and communications technology (ICT) from ancient times to the present. It describes four main periods in the evolution of ICT: premechanical (3000 BCE to 1450 CE), mechanical (1450 CE to 1840s), electromechanical (1840s to 1940s), and electronic (1940s to present). Key developments discussed include the abacus, Pascaline calculator, telegraph, telephone, vacuum tubes, transistor, integrated circuit, and computer processor. The document emphasizes that modern ICT is built upon foundations laid by innovations of the past.
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Charles Babbage originated the concept of a programmable computer. Claude Shannon founded information theory and contributed to codebreaking. Alan Turing was influential in developing concepts of algorithms and computation with the Turing machine. John von Neumann's idea of storing programs and data in memory became the basis of modern computer architecture. William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invented the transistor at Bell Labs. Douglas Engelbart invented the computer mouse and developed concepts of hypertext and graphical user interfaces. Robert Noyce co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor and Intel, realizing the first integrated circuit. Steve Wozniak designed the Apple I and Apple II computers
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The document discusses the history and development of information and communications technology (ICT) from ancient times to the present. It describes four main periods in the evolution of ICT: premechanical (3000 BCE to 1450 CE), mechanical (1450 CE to 1840s), electromechanical (1840s to 1940s), and electronic (1940s to present). Key developments discussed include the abacus, Pascaline calculator, telegraph, telephone, vacuum tubes, transistor, integrated circuit, and computer processor. The document emphasizes that modern ICT is built upon foundations laid by innovations of the past.
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The document traces the history and evolution of computing devices from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices invented by Pascal and Babbage in the 1600s-1800s. The development of programming by Ada Lovelace and Boolean logic in the 1800s laid the foundations for modern computing. Key innovations like the tabulator, vacuum tube, Turing machine, and integrated circuit expanded computing's capabilities. The document outlines the development of early computers like ENIAC and Mark I in the 1940s-1950s and the rise of programming languages. It traces the progression from mainframes to minicomputers and microprocessors, leading to personal computers in the 1970s and beyond.
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History of the computer electronic age
The document summarizes the history of computers from 1941 to the present. It describes some of the earliest computers including the Z3 (1941), Mark I (1944), and ABC computer (1942). The first generation of computers (1951-1958) used vacuum tubes and punch cards, were large, slow, and expensive. Some notable first generation computers included ENIAC (1945), UNIVAC (1951), and the IBM 701 (1953). Magnetic core memory became the fastest type of memory in the early 1950s.
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A computer base information system (CBIS) is defined as a set of hardware, software, database, telecommunications, people, and procedures configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information. The document outlines the key components of a CBIS including hardware, software, databases, telecommunications networks, people, and procedures. It provides examples of each component and their functions in a CBIS.
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The document outlines key developments in computer history from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It notes that the abacus was the first man-made computing device used as early as 3000 BC. In the 1800s, punched cards were developed for data storage, first being used by Joseph Jacquard to automate his weaving. Charles Babbage is recognized as the "father of computers" for inventing the Analytical Engine in the 1830s, designed to store thousands of numbers. Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine in the 1890s was an early electromechanical computer that used punched cards to tabulate US census data.
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This course is designed to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of a Computer Service Technician according to industry standards, covering topics such as installing, maintaining, configuring, diagnosing computer systems and networks. The course also focuses on workplace communication, teamwork, professionalism, health and safety, and includes hands-on training in installing, troubleshooting, configuring and maintaining computer systems and networks.
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The document provides an overview of the history and development of information and communications technology (ICT). It discusses the four main periods in the development of ICT: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. Key events and innovations from each period are described, including the invention of writing, mechanical calculators, the telegraph, telephone, vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and computer processors. The document also discusses modern ICT topics like the World Wide Web, social media, online research, and information verification. Learning outcomes and activities related to understanding and applying ICT concepts are presented.
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The document discusses various types of network communication media and devices. It describes wired media like twisted pair cables, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also covers wireless media such as radio waves, microwaves, cellular networks, satellite communication, and infrared transmission. The document explains how these different media transmit data and their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses common network devices that help transmit and direct data traffic, such as switches, routers, and network interface cards.
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The document discusses the evolution of information and communication technology from the mechanical and electromechanical periods. During the mechanical period, there was interest in automating calculations which led to the development of machines like the Pascaline, a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal. Charles Babbage later invented the Analytical Engine, considered the first programmable mechanical computer. The electromechanical period saw the use of electricity for information handling and the invention of technologies like the telegraph for transmitting information over long distances, as well as Alexander Graham Bell's telephone.
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This document discusses and compares wired and wireless networks. Wired networks transmit data through physical cables connecting devices, while wireless networks transmit data through the air using electromagnetic waves without cables. Examples of wired networks include telephone lines, cable TV, and fiber optic networks, while wireless technologies include radio frequencies, infrared, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and satellite communication.
History of the internet
The document provides a history of the internet from its origins as ARPANET, a military network connecting universities in the late 1960s. It describes key developments like the introduction of email in 1972, the establishment of domain names in 1984, and the creation of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990. The summary concludes by noting how the internet has become deeply ingrained in daily life and culture as a source of news, communication, banking, shopping, and education/entertainment.
Tools, materials and equipment for networking
A cable tester is an electronic device used to verify electrical connections in signal cables. More advanced cable testers can measure properties like resistance, attenuation, noise, and interference. A metropolitan area network (MAN) interconnects computer resources in an area larger than a local area network but smaller than a wide area network. A local area network (LAN) connects computers within a building or group of buildings, and can connect to other LANs over long distances. A wireless adapter adds wireless connectivity to laptops and desktops and are available as external USB devices or cards that plug into the computer motherboard.
Highlights in Computer History
The document summarizes key events and innovations in the history of computers from ancient times to the present. It describes the abacus from 3000 BC, the slide rule from 1622, early mechanical calculators and computers from the 1600s-1800s, the first general purpose computer designed by Charles Babbage in 1833, the first digital computer ENIAC from 1946, the first commercial computer UNIVAC from 1952, and the development of integrated circuits, microprocessors and personal computers that ushered in newer generations from the 1960s onward.
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Nathan Lisgo introduces himself and provides an overview of Charles Babbage and his work developing early mechanical computers called Difference Engines. The document discusses Babbage's background and personality, his quest to build the engines, the challenges he faced, and how his work to develop the Difference Engine #2 was later realized by the building of a working replica by Doron Swade and his team. It aims to give attendees a bio of Babbage, his pioneering work in computing, and a world exclusive on the authentic rebuilding of his unfinished Difference Engine #2.
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Multiplexing
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Historical background of ICT
The document discusses the history and evolution of information and communications technology (ICT) from early manual and mechanical devices through modern electronic systems. It outlines four main periods: 1) Premechanical period when humans began communicating with words and pictures on rocks. 2) Mechanical period dominated by machines driven by steam/gears including the Pascaline calculator. 3) Electromechanical period saw the rise of electricity for information handling through telegraphs and telephones. 4) Electronic period from 1940s to today focused on solid state devices, transistors, integrated circuits, and computers with graphical user interfaces leading to the internet.
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This document profiles 12 pioneering computer scientists and inventors:
Charles Babbage originated the concept of a programmable computer. Claude Shannon founded information theory and contributed to codebreaking. Alan Turing was influential in developing concepts of algorithms and computation with the Turing machine. John von Neumann's idea of storing programs and data in memory became the basis of modern computer architecture. William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain invented the transistor at Bell Labs. Douglas Engelbart invented the computer mouse and developed concepts of hypertext and graphical user interfaces. Robert Noyce co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor and Intel, realizing the first integrated circuit. Steve Wozniak designed the Apple I and Apple II computers
Men behind computer - Chloe
Charles Babbage is considered the father of the computer for originating the concept of a programmable computer and inventing the first mechanical computer. Claude Shannon established the field of information theory and laid the foundation for the digital revolution with his work showing that Boolean algebra could be used for digital calculation. Alan Turing was highly influential in the development of computer science and artificial intelligence by formalizing the concepts of algorithms and computation with the Turing machine model of a general purpose computer.
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This document provides brief biographies of several important figures in the early history and development of computing technology:
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- Charles Babbage conceived of the first general-purpose mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, in the 19th century. Ada Lovelace wrote algorithms for it, making her the first computer programmer.
- Konrad Zuse developed the first freely programmable computer, the Z3, in the 1940s. John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry developed the ABC, considered by some to
MEN BEHIND COMPUTER
Charles Babbage invented early computers but failed to build them. Claude Shannon founded information theory and Alan Turing made major contributions to computer science and artificial intelligence. John Von Neumann made important contributions to mathematics, physics, and artificial life. William Shockley, Douglas Engelbert, Robert Noyce, Steve Wozniak, Grace Hopper, and Vint Cerf all made seminal contributions to the development of computers and the Internet through inventions like the transistor, mouse, microchip, Apple I computer, computer programming, and TCP/IP protocols.
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Charles Babbage is considered the father of computing. He conceptualized the Analytical Engine in 1837, which contained the core components of a modern computer like an ALU, memory, and flow control. While it was never completed in his lifetime due to funding issues, his work laid the foundations for future computer development. Some other pioneers discussed include Ada Lovelace, the first computer programmer; Douglas Engelbart who invented the computer mouse; and Marty Cooper who created the first mobile phone. The document provides examples and histories of these early innovators in computing technology.
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Charles Babbage, a British polymath born in 1791 and died in 1871, originated the concept of a programmable computer. He is considered the father of the computer for inventing the first mechanical computer called the Difference Engine, and he designed the even more complex Analytical Engine which had all the essential ideas of modern computers. Babbage had broad interests beyond computing and was prominent in ideating computing, though he died before fully engineering his designs which were constructed later based on his plans.
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The Five Generations of Computers
First Generation Computers (1940-1956)
Advantages :
Disadvantages :
Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)
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Third Generation Computers(1964-1971
Advantages :
Disadvantages :
Fourth Generation Computers(1971-present)
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Fifth Generation Computers (present and beyond)
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The document provides a history of computers from ancient times to the first generation of computers in the 1940s-1950s. It describes early counting devices like the abacus and advances in mathematics. Key figures who contributed to early calculating machines are mentioned, such as Pascal, Leibniz, and Babbage who envisioned a programmable computer. Major milestones include the first general purpose electronic computer (ENIAC), the stored program concept with EDVAC/EDSAC, and the first commercial computer (UNIVAC I). The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes, were enormous in size, and could only solve one problem at a time.
HISTORY OF THE COMPUTER-CHRIS
Charles Babbage designed the first automatic computing engines in the 1830s but failed to build them. Ada Lovelace was considered the first computer programmer. The first complete general-purpose computer was the ENIAC, invented at the University of Pennsylvania in 1946 and occupied 1800 square feet, using 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighing 50 tons. The earliest programmable, fully functional modern computer was the Z1 invented by Konrad Zuse between 1936-1938 in his parents' living room in Germany. Computers have since become smaller, more powerful and able to perform multiple tasks simultaneously through the development of integrated circuits and operating systems.
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Famous scientist and inventions
This document summarizes famous scientists and their inventions, including:
- Evangelista Torricelli who invented the barometer in 1643.
- Ferdinand Verbiest who invented the world's first automobile, powered by steam.
- Charles Babbage who originated the concept of a programmable computer and is considered the "Father of Computers".
- Marie Curie who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, winning in two fields for her pioneering research that led to the invention of radium.
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Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, which was a breakthrough in developing antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876 and held the first patent for it. Galileo Galilei is considered the father of modern science and made breakthrough discoveries in optics, astronomy, and physics in the 16th century. Jeff Bezos founded Amazon.com in 1994 and grew it into the largest online retailer through his leadership as CEO.
A history of the computer
The document outlines the history of computers in 5 eras: pre-history, electronics, mini, micro, and network. Some key events include the development of the abacus in 300 BC, Charles Babbage's analytical engine in the 1830s, the first general purpose electronic computer (ENIAC) in 1945, the development of integrated circuits in 1959 which enabled the mini computer era, the first microprocessor from Intel in 1971 which led to the microcomputer era and personal computers from Apple, IBM and others, and the establishment of ARPANET in 1969 which evolved into the Internet and World Wide Web, marking the network era.
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The Four Basic Periods of Computer History
The four basic periods of computer history can be divided into the following:
Pre-mechanical Age – it involves the basic system of writing and alphabets like petroglyphs, ideographs, cuneiforms, the invention of pen and paper, and the first calculator ‘abacus’.
Mechanical Age – it involves the start of the information explosion where machines are now helping with the creation and transmission of information through a wider audience than in the pre-mechanical age.
Electromechanical Age – this is the start of telecommunications. Telegraphs, telephone, and radio are the highlights of this age.
Electronic Age – this is where we are today where computers are programmable and electric.
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- 3. Greatest ICT Personalities BY-HAFIZ MOHAMMAD IMRAN ICT LECTURER, DAFFODIL INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, CHANDPUR
- 4. Charles Babbage Charles Babbage was an English mathematician, philosopher and inventor born on December 26, 1791, in London, England. Often called “The Father of Computing,” Babbage detailed plans for mechanical Calculating Engines, Difference Engines, and Analytical Engines. Babbage died on October 18, 1871, in London.
- 5. Ada Lovelace The daughter of famed poet Lord Byron, Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace— better known as "Ada Lovelace"—was born in London on December 10, 1815. Ada showed her gift for mathematics at an early age. She translated an article on an invention by Charles Babbage, and added her own comments. Because she introduced many computer concepts, Ada is considered the first computer programmer. Ada died on November 27, 1852.
- 6. James Clerk Maxwell James C. Maxwell was a 19th century pioneer in chemistry and physics who articulated the idea of electromagnetism. Born on- June 13, 1831, in Edinburgh, Scotland studied at- University of Cambridge Died on - November 5, 1879.
- 7. Bengali Scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose Using Microwave he became successful for the first time in sending wireless message from one place to another. Born in – 1858 Died on – 1937 Residence - Kolkata, Bengal Presidency, British India Fields - Physics, biophysics, biology, botany, archaeology, Bengali literature, Bengali science fiction
- 8. Guglielmo Marconi Born in- Bologna, Italy, 25th april, 1874, In 1899, he founded the Marconi Telegraph Company. In 1901, he successfully sent wireless signals across the Atlantic Ocean, Marconi shared with Karl Braun the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics. Died in - 20 July 1937 (aged 63) at Rome, Italy
- 9. Raymond Samuel Tomlinson Born in - April 23, 1941 Amsterdam, New York, U.S Died in - March 5, 2016 (aged 74) Known for - Invented the first email system Occupation - Computer programmer, inventor, electrical engineer
- 10. Steven Paul Jobs (Steve jobs) Born in - February 24, 1955 San Francisco, California, U.S. Died - October 5, 2011 (aged 56) Palo Alto, California, U.S. Occupatin - Co-founder, Chairman, and CEO of Apple. Primary investor and CEO of Pixar Founder and CEO of NeXT Known for - Pioneer of the personal computer revolution with Steve Wozniak
- 11. John ‘Tim’ Berners Lee Born in - 8 June 1955 Known for – The pioneer o World Wide Web (WWW) and http (Hypertext transfer protocol Occupation -
- 12. William Henry Bil Gates Born – October 26, 1955 Known for – Windows operating system and DOS (disk operating system) At present, most of the computers of the world are run by the operating system software of Microsoft Company of Bill Gates. Per second Income - 130 USD per seconds
- 13. Mark Zucker Berg Born on May 14, 1984, in White Plains, New York, Mark Zuckerberg co- founded the social-networking website Facebook out of his college dorm room. He left Harvard after his sophomore year to concentrate on the site, the user base of which has grown to more than 2 billion people, making Zuckerberg a billionaire.
- 14. Ref: www.biography.com www.Wikipedia.com and ICT TEXT book of Bangladesh