1. 1
BACHELOR OF ARTS IN ENGLISH
SUBMITTED TO LECTURER
Mr. BUN CHEAB PHANG
SUBJECT : Core English II
GROUP : 01
YEAR : II
SEMESTER : II
SHIFT : Evening
ROOM : B10
1. KEN THEARITH
2. YIM SONY
3. LY NIKA
4. SREY KALYAN
5. SEOUM SAMEANG
Group Member
2. 2
I. Use of articles.
1. Definition of articles.
2. Type of articles.
II. Non-use of articles.
III. Areas that often cause problems.
1. Jobs
2. Superlative
3. 3. Last and next
Content
3. IV. Use and non-use of definite article
with phrases of time and place
1.Phrases of time
2.Place names
V. Different ways of giving emphasis
1.Intensifiers
2.Use of auxiliary verbs
3
4. 4
I. Use of articles
1. The indefinite article : ‘a or an’
A and An have exactly the same
meaning. We use a in front of consonant
sounds (a donkey, a windmill) and an in
front of vowel sounds (an egg, an old
horse)
5. 5
2. The indefinite article : ‘The’
We use the when ‘ we know
which one’ because the thing or
person
6. 6
2. Type of articles
The articles are divided in two type:
* Definite article
The is definite article: We use the when
we know which one because the thing
or person.
-Is unique (or unique in that context).
Example: The Cambodian Prime
Minister (there is only one)
7. 7
- Has been mentioned before.
Example: Socheata gave me a photo. I
looked at it, and saw that the photo very
beautiful.
- Is defined by the phrase which follows
it.
Example: What’s the new student’s
name?
8. 8
1.The is not used before plural nouns and
uncountable nouns (in a general sense) :
Dogs are faithful animals.
Trees give us shade.
Honesty is the best policy.
Tolerance is important in our country.
2.Before (the names of most countries
except if the country includes the word
‘Republic’ or ‘United’) :
Have you been to China?
The tourists will arrive from India.
He is going to Australia next year.
When are you leaving for New Zealand?
9. 9
* Indefinite article
We use a/an when ‘ we don’t know
which one’ because the thing or
person.
-Is one of many.
Example: Sony is a clever students.
-Is not unique.
Example: I’ve just bought a mobile
phone.
10. 10
- Has not mentioned before.
This shows that the listener or reader
doesn’t know what we are referring to.
After this first reference, always use
‘the’.
Example: There was a cute student in
a class today.
11. 11
With indefinite articles, we can talk
about people or things ‘in general’
with a or an or with the plural.
Instead of using the plural: Pigs
are greedy on Animal Farm.
We can say: A pig named Napoleon
is greedy on Animal Farm.
12. 12
II. Non-use of articles.
We do not use an article when we
talk about things in general:
- Using plural or uncountable
nouns
Example: Do you like sport?
13. 13
- With the names of people or
places, but there are many
exceptions.
Example: A book by professor
Jones.
14. 14
III. Areas that often cause problems.
1. Jobs
If there are many people doing a
particular job, we use a/an.
Ex: My girl friend is a singer ( there are
many singer).
But if a job is specific to one
person, we use “the”.
Ex: He is having talks with the French foreign
minister.
15. 15
2. Superlative
We use the with superlative
adjectives.
Ex: She’s the best person for the job.
16. 16
These adjectives can be used with
or without the but there is a
change of meaning.
Example: I saw Socheata last night.
(the one before this one)
Example: It’s the last day of our holiday.
(the final one)
3. Last and next
18. 18
IV. Use and non-use of definite article
with phrases of time and place
1. Phrases of time
Some time phrases take the.
-Dates: the 25th of December / December
the 25th
- Part of the day: In the afternoon, in the
evening, in the morning ( but at night, at
lunch time).
19. 19
- Decades / Centuries: the 1980s, the
21st century.
- Other time phrases take no article: in
2002, in summer
- Months / Days: in August, on
Friday, see you tomorrow.
20. 20
2. Place names
- The names of most
countries, continents, islands, states, pro
vinces, towns and cities do not take an
articles.
* Exception: the Czech Republic, the
Netheriands, the UK, the Arab
World, the USA.
21. 21
- If we talk about a region we do not
use a article.
Example: North-west India, Northern
Europe.
But: in the east of the country, in the
south of Italy, on the coast.
22. 22
- Most
roads, streets, parks, bridges, sho
ps and restaurants do not take an
article.
Example: Central
Park, Harrods, oxford
Street, Tower Bridge.
23. 23
- The names of
theatres, cinemas, hotels, galleries
and museums take the.
Example: the Hermitage, the
National Theatre, the Odeon, the
Ritz.
24. 24
- The names of particular
mountains and lakes do not take
an article.
Example: Lake Victoria, Mount
Everest.
25. 25
- Mountain ranges, rivers, seas and
canals take the.
Example: the Atlantic, the (River)
Danube, the Himalayas, the Panama
canal.
26. 26
V. Different ways of giving emphasis
1. Intensifiers
Absolutely, completely, really, so
We use these words to add emphasis to
adjectives.
- Her new book is absolutely brilliant.
- It’s so annoying.
27. 27
Far
Far is used for emphasis with too +
adjective or too much / many + noun.
It’s far too much trouble.
28. 28
2. Use of auxiliary verbs
We often add an auxiliary verb in the
positive for emphasis.
Your father does make me laugh.
I do love you.