Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to how far an object has traveled, regardless of direction. Displacement is a vector quantity referring to an object's overall change in position, including both distance and direction traveled. Velocity is a vector quantity that includes both an object's speed and the direction of motion, while speed is a scalar quantity referring only to the rate of travel. Acceleration refers to any change in an object's velocity, whether in magnitude or direction over time.

1. DISTANCE
AND
DISPLACEMENT

2. Distance and Displacement are
two quantities that may seem to
mean the same thing yet have
distinctly different definitions and
meanings.

3. Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to
"how much ground an object has covered"
during its motion.
Displacement is a vector quantity that refers
to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the
object's overall change in position.

4. Constant Velocity has unit of distance per time.
The velocity gives you information about the
rate of change of your position or how fast your
distance is changing per unit time.
Velocity unit Description
m/s Meters per second
Km/h or kph Kilometers per hour
Mi/h or mhp Miles per hour

5. 8m
3m
EXAMPLE
DISTANCE=8m + 3m= 11m
DISPLACEMENT= 𝑡𝑓-𝑡𝑖 = 5 − 0 = 5m

6. Distance: only magnitude
Displacement: magnitude
and direction
scalar
vector

7. 4m
4m
2m
2m

8. SPEED
A scalar quantity refers to the rate
of motion. It is the ratio of distance
covered and the time of travel.

9. d= vt
d= distance or displacement
v= speed or velocity
t= time

10. Speed Velocity
Scalar Vector
+ +, -
magnitude magnitude
&
direction

11. Example
45m/s
speed
30m/s
west
velocity

12. Velocity= -20 m/s
Speed = 20m/s
Speed=│velocity│

13. Average speed=
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
d=vt
𝑑
𝑡
=
𝑣𝑡
𝑡
= 𝑣 =
𝑑
𝑡

14. Example:
Lydia de Vega is a world known Filipino
track and field athlete. She can run the
100-m dash in about 11.0 seconds.
What is her average speed?

15. In a 400-meter race on a curved track, a
sprinter completes the first 100 meters in
10 seconds, the next 200 meters in 20
seconds, and the final 100 meters in 12
seconds.

16. 2. A banca takes about 1.0 h to travel a
distance of 15 km. A sailboat travels the
same distance in 0.5 h. The same distance
is traveled by a motorboat in 0.3 h.
a. Compute the average speed of each
vessel.

17. 50m/s d=vt
d= 1000m
t=?
EXAMPLE:

18. Average velocity=
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑣 =
𝑑
𝑡

19. EXAMPLE:
12m. east in 2m
and 20m. west in 4 min

20. 24mi. east in 4hrs
and 12mi. west in 2 hrs

21. Acceleration
An object is accelerated when it speeds
up, slows down or changes direction.
In other words, the motion is accelerated
when the velocity of the object changes.
Recall that velocity refers to both
magnitude (speed) and direction.

22. Acceleration
a=
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
a=
𝑣𝑓−𝑣𝑜
𝑡

23. A race car’s forward velocity
increases from 4.0 m/s to 36 m/s
over a 4.0 s-time interval. What
is its average acceleration?

24. EXAMPLE:
TRUCK CAR
0 to 60mph 0 to 60mph
30s 5s