This a powerpoint topic for physical science

1. RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY
RESOURCES

2. At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. Describe how energy is harnessed from different sources: (a) fossil
fuels, (b) biogas, (c) geothermal, (d) hydrothermal, (e) batteries, (f)
solar cells, and (g) biomass. (S11/12PS-IIIf-h-25)
2. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of each energy sources
(S11/12PS-IIIf-h-25)
3. Express awareness on the conservation of our energy sources
(S11/12-PS-IIIf-h-25)

3. Direction: Classify whether the following is either renewable or nonrenewable.
Write
RE if it is renewable and NRE if it is nonrenewable. Write your answers in your
answer sheet.
1. Geothermal 6. Biogas
2. Natural gas 7. Solar
3. Hydropower 8. Ordinary batteries
4. Coal 9. Biomass
5. Oil 10. Wind

4. A renewable resource is
a resource that can be
regenerated or
replaced. They are not
necessarily unlimited
and can quickly become
limited by overuse.
A nonrenewable
resource is a resource
that cannot be
replenished by natural
processes. They cannot
be replaced as quickly
as they’re used.

7. The components of fossil fuels are heated
and vaporized to steam which drives the
turbines and generates electricity.
Fossil fuels are the general term used to refer to
combustible products of buried organic matter
which underwent partial decomposition under
extreme temperature and pressure.

10. Oil in the form of gasoline is used as engine fuel for vehicles and in generators,
lawnmowers, leaf blowers, and small boat motors.
Heating applications use natural gas and coal. However, fossil fuel is known to
pollute the environment. Its reservoir is limited and will last for 100 years.

12. When bacteria decompose manure
anaerobically or without oxygen into a gas
mixture composed of about 60 to 70 percent
methane biogas is obtained.
The source of this is animal manure.

14. This is important in generating heat, hot water, or electricity. The leftover
digested manure can be used as fertilizer, bedding, mulch, and potting soil.
Biogas enables farmers to produce their own electricity and reduce water
contamination, odor pollution, and global warming emissions caused by animal waste.

15. There is a high temperature inside the
earth’s crust caused by the slow delay
of radioactive particles.
Geothermal energy is the energy
harnessed from beneath the earth.

17. There is a high temperature inside the earth’s crust caused by the slow delay
of radioactive particles. Groundwater will be heated up by the hot rock which
will later produce steam. The steam moves turbines. The rotating turbines run
the generators.

19. It is clean, sustainable, and environment-friendly. The problem with this is it
can only be produced at selected sites worldwide. The largest group of
geothermal power plants in the world is located at The Geysers, a
geothermal field in California, United States.
In the Philippines, some geothermal power
plants include Makiling-Banahaw (MakBan)
Geothermal Power Plant in Laguna, Leyte
Geothermal Power Plant in Leyte, and Tiwi
Geothermal Power plant in Tiwi, Albay.

21. Hydrothermal energy refers to the
heat obtained from hot water from
hydrothermal vents or seawater in
contact with hot rock beds.

23. Hot water from
hydrothermal vents
is collected into a
heat exchanger.
The heat from the water
is transferred to another
fluid which evaporates
and drives the turbines
to generate electricity.

25. Batteries are devices that store and
convert chemical energy into
electrical energy.
The energy produced results from a
chemical reaction; however, they do
not have carbon dioxide emissions.

27. When it is connected to an external circuit, electrolytes move within the
battery, and the chemical reactions are completed at the two terminals of
the battery. The movement of electrons generates the current and sends
electricity to the external circuit.

28. For households, batteries can be used to provide back- up power in case of
blackouts. Batteries are not considered as major energy supply because of
performance and safety issues, regulatory barriers, the resistance of
utilities, and cost.

30. Photovoltaic cells or
solar cells convert
sunlight into electricity.
These devices are made up of
elemental silicon.
Light energy is collected over panels.
The collected energy can be stored in
batteries or can be directly converted to
electrical energy.

32. Large solar panel fields are often used in the desert to charge small
substations, and many homes use solar systems to provide for hot water,
cooling and supplement their electricity.
Solar batteries power
spaceships and are used
to provide electricity for
weather instruments in
remote areas.

34. By burning the biomass in a boiler, the
generated heat is used to produce steam
which drives the turbines to produce
electricity.
This uses organic material like crops,
plants, trees, yard clippings, wood chips,
and animal wastes and is commonly
used throughout the world. The
materials are burnt to generate heat.

36. Large solar panel fields are often used in the desert to charge small
substations, and many homes use solar systems to provide for hot water,
cooling and supplement their electricity.
Solar batteries power
spaceships and are used to
provide electricity for weather
instruments in remote areas.

39. Some energy sources are cleaner than others. However, all of them have an impact on
the environment. You will be surprised to see that, during the manufacturing of parts,
some green technologies may pollute and increase the greenhouse effect more than
traditional energy sources.
This means that we need to invest in the least polluting technologies, both during the
manufacturing of parts and operation, and combine them with technologies that, for
example, capture CO2 from the environment and/or emission source.

40. Pros:
• It is abundant and inexpensive
• “Clean coal” technology can remove harmful material before it
reaches the environment

41. Cons:
• There is impact on environment
• Can potentially pollute the air, soil, and water bodies
• The burning of coal emits CO2, SO2, toxic heavy metals, cadmium,
arsenic, and mercury
• “Clean Coal” involves costs
• Coal source is finite
• Byproducts of coal mining include arsenic, SO2, selenium, and
mercury

42. Pros:
• Renewable resource
• Creates smaller amounts of CO2 and sulfur components than fossil
fuels
• Great for heating and cooling
• Its use does not burn fuels
• Has small footprint on land
• Reliable and predictable source of energy

43. Cons:
• In extreme cases geothermal power plants may cause earthquakes
• Heavy upfront costs
• Sustainable only if reservoirs are properly managed

44. Pros:
• Does not pollute water or air
• Renewable, reliable, flexible

45. Cons:
• Forces relocation of people and animals
• May change the temperature and flow of water
• May cause low level of dissolved oxygen in water
• Disturb river habitats and fish populations
• May create methane
• Expensive
• Affected by droughts

46. Pros:
• Mature technology
• Reliable

47. Cons:
• Drilling operation disrupts wildlife habitat
• Impacts the landscape through the removal of vegetation and
increase of erosion, which leads to landslides and floods
• Emits CO2, CO, and other air pollutants
• Methane is produced during fracking
• Oil spills, urban runoffs, natural seeps have an impact on animals
• Pollutes water
• Improper disposal of oils
• Non-renewable

48. Pros:
• Abundant, renewable, and sustainable source
• Does not pollute the air or water
• Available worldwide
• Silent
• Low maintenance

49. Cons:
• High upfront investment
• Intermittent
• Solar panel production emits hexafluoroethane (C2F6), nitrogen
trifluoride(NF3) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which are very potent
greenhouse gases (based on a 100-year time horizon, their ability to
trap extra heat in the atmosphere over time is about 12,200; 17,200;
and 22,800 times more than that of CO2, respectively) [1]
• Certain solar cells require expensive and rare materials, such as
copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and cadmium telluride (CdTe)
• Requires large space

50. Pros:
• Insignificant carbon emissions
• More efficient and reliable than fossil fuel
• Low operating cost

51. Cons:
• High environmental impact
• Generates radioactive waste
• Nuclear accidents can pose serious health effects
• High startup costs
• Uranium is a finite, non-renewable resource
• Target for terrorist activities
• Use high amounts of water for production of steam and system
cooling
• Wastewater from power plants may contain pollutants

52. Pros:
• Clean energy source
• Does not pollute air or water
• Renewable and sustainable energy
• Fuel is free and available worldwide
• Produces negligible air or water pollution. Turbine manufacturing and
installation are the only process steps that emit greenhouse gases
• Space efficient
• Low operating costs
• Great potential for powering homes

53. Cons:
• Intermittent and unpredictable
• May result in death of bats and birds
• High upfront investment
• Noise and visual pollution
• Biological impacts

54. Pros:
• Clean energy source
• Does not pollute air or water
• Renewable and sustainable energy
• Fuel is free and available worldwide
• Produces negligible air or water pollution. Turbine manufacturing and
installation are the only process steps that emit greenhouse gases
• Space efficient
• Low operating costs
• Great potential for powering homes

55. Cons:
• Intermittent and unpredictable
• May result in death of bats and birds
• High upfront investment
• Noise and visual pollution
• Biological impacts