This document presents information on vehicle tracking technology using GPS. It discusses how GPS works by receiving signals from satellites to determine location. It explains that GPS receivers can only receive location data and need another system like GSM cellular networks to send the location to a central control room. It provides details on GSM and GPRS cellular networks and how they enable communication of the vehicle location. It also discusses geographical information systems (GIS) software that can convert GPS coordinates to addresses. Finally, it presents information on some vehicle tracking devices that combine GPS and GSM technologies to track and monitor vehicles.

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 Submitted to : Syed Nazmus Sakib, Lecturer, Dept. of ETE
 Course Name: Control System
 Course Code : ETE 335

2. PreparedPrepared
by:by:
Imran Hossain Nayem
ID: 161-19-1871
Dept. of Electronices and Telecommunication Eingineering
Daffodil international University
itsImranHossainNaye
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ImranHossainNayem

3. What is GPS?
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a worldwide, satellite-based, radio navigation
system that will give the exact position of vehicles, no matter where they are, what time it
is, or what the weather is like.
A total of 24 satellites orbit the Earth, monitored continuously by earth stations. The
satellites transmit signals that can be detected by GPS receivers located in your vehicles
and used to determine their location with great accuracy.

4. How does GPS work?
Each GPS satellite transmits radio signals that enable the GPS receivers to calculate where
its (or vehicles) location on the Earth and convert the calculations into geodetic latitude,
longitude and velocity. A receiver needs signals from at least three GPS satellites to
pinpoint vehicle’s position.
GPS Receivers commonly used in most Vehicle tracking systems can only receive data
from GPS Satellites. They cannot communicate back with GPS or any other satellite.
A system based on GPS can only calculate its location but cannot send it to central control
room. In order to do this they normally use GSM-GPRS Cellular networks connectivity using
additional GSM modem/module.

5. What is GSM ?
GSM, Global system of Mobile, is a popular Mobile communication system provided by Cellular
service providers or GSM Operators in most countries internationally.
It is used for in most mobile handsets used by us.
GSM Mobile communication system can be intelligently used by electronic devices which can collect
some data and send it to the central place using SMS or GSM data call.
GSM is required in Vehicle tracking systems because GPS system can normally only receive
location information from satellites but cannot communicate back with them. Hence we need some
other communication system like GSM to send this location information to central control room.
Other technologies can also be used but they are more costly.

6. What is GPRS?
General Packet Radio Service, is new communication services introduced by GSM
operators. These services are part of same
GSM network. These services allow secure and confirmed transfer of content like digital
photos or other data to other GPRS capable system.
example of services based on GPRS is MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)
GPRS is required in case we want to take snaps and transfer them to the central control
room. They are not required for GPS tracking etc.
GPRS does not involve additional hardware but we need to use more advanced GSM
modules which support GPRS.
GPRS services are not provided by all GSM operators.

7. What is GIS?
Geographical Information System, GIS is a software which consist of specially developed
comprehensive and detailed maps of the city with longitude and latitude information of each place,
street, junctions and address.
These maps are useful to locate the address of a vehicle fitted with GPS system.
GPS-GSM system only provide the longitude and latitude of the vehicle but GIS software if properly
developed can provide details of exact or nearby address where the vehicle is.

8. SAMPLE MAP OF A AREA

9. SAMPLE MAP OF A AREA

11. Where to install AVL device?

12. FM 2100
GPS/GSM Terminal
•Vehicle Tracking/Security
•Parameterized operation (Acquire & Send)
•ALARM Buttons (2 Buttons)
•Online Tracking
•Geo Fence
•Motion Sensor
FM2100 is light terminal with GPS and GSM connectivity. Which is able to get device
coordinates and other data and transfer them via GSM network. this device is perfectly
suitable for application where location acquirement of remote objects is needed. So
you can track your remote objects(Truck, Cars, Ships etc) quickly and easy
FM2100 can perform tasks on remote objects, such as monitoring engines status,
controlling truck door etc,
In case of loosing connection FM2100 can store up to 10000 records, and once the
connection is established the device will send stored dada via GPRS. So you won’t
lose your data.

14. FM 4100
GPS/GSM (GPRS+SMS)
Vehicle Tracking Solutions
FM4100 is terminal with GPS and GSM connectivity. Which is able to get
device coordinates and other data and transfer them via GSM network. this
device is perfectly suitable for application where location acquirement of
remote objects is needed. So you can track your remote objects(Truck,
Cars, Ships etc) quickly and easy
It has optional battery inside and special controller for power management.
Also there is an option of using external backup battery. Thus it can operate
for up to 48 hrs in normal mode with external backup battery.
FM4100 can perform tasks on remote objects, such as monitoring
temperature , engines status, fuel consumption, controlling truck door etc,
In case of loosing connection FM4100 can store up to 64000 records, and
once the connection is established the device will send stored dada via
GPRS. So you won’t lose your data.
The aluminium case of the device is very robust and perfectly suitable for
installation into harsh environment
Monitor
1.See when ignition is ON or OFF
2.Identify drivers with i-Button
3.Monitor fuel consumption
4.See when battery voltage is falling
5.Monitor temperature level in refrigerator
6.See when door are open or close

15. FM 4100
GPS/GSM (GPRS+SMS)
Vehicle Tracking Solutions
MAIN FEATURES:
• Track your remote object quickly and easily
• The device support the following GSM bearers
• GPRS class 10(up to 85,6kbps
• SMS(test/data)
• Quad-band GSM-900 MHz/1800 MHz; 850 MHz/1900 MHz
• The aluminium case of the device is very robust and perfectly suitable for
installation into harsh :environment such as cars, truck, boats or moving objects.
• Option of internal(or external) rechargeable battery with charge controller.
• FM4100 has 4 digital inputs, 4 digital output and 4 analogue inputs, which could be
used for performance task on remote objects, such as monitoring fuel tank level,
engine status, or controlling truck door etc.
• FM4100 has 1-Wire@I/O protocol integrated for temperature measuring or key ID
identification.
• FM4100 has optional CAN interface for FMS interface of truck, which enables data
acquisition from trucks on-board computers.
• FM4100 has RS232 port which could be used for external peripheral data acquire.
• Voice function.
• 3 LED indicators:" Modem”, “Status”’, “Navigate”.
• The package include antenna, I/O cables and data cables.

16. Credit 2
1
Special thanks to my honorable teacher for
making this subject understand and
interesting.