Government and politics constitution 1
•Download as PPT, PDF•
2 likes•5,491 views
This document outlines the key topics and assignments for a government and politics lesson on constitutions. It includes homework tasks like setting up a blog, reading newspapers, and researching media platforms. Classwork will involve group presentations, seminars, and exams. The core content covers the features of the UK's unwritten constitution, including how power is distributed and balanced. Other sections define the functions of constitutions in general and compare codified versus uncodified systems. Discussion questions prompt analysis of the UK system and comparisons to other countries' constitutions.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Constitution
The document discusses key concepts related to the UK constitution, including what a constitution is, the differences between codified and uncodified constitutions, the sources and features of the UK constitution, and debates around sovereignty and reform. It notes that while Parliament is legally sovereign, in practice political sovereignty has evolved, such as through devolution and EU membership, which have placed some limits on Parliamentary power.
The constitution
The UK constitution is largely unwritten and derives from many different sources over centuries. It consists of laws, conventions, historical documents and customs. Laws include acts of parliament, common law, and case law. Conventions are unwritten customs considered binding, but without legal force. An action can be considered unconstitutional if it breaks any rule of the constitution. The constitution establishes parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law.
1. The Constitution
The UK constitution is an uncodified set of rules that define the government and protect civil liberties. It aims to limit government power by establishing separate powers and responsibilities for institutions like Parliament. The UK constitution has evolved over time based on parliamentary sovereignty, with Parliament able to make any law. Its key features include parliamentary sovereignty, being uncodified, a unitary system, a fusion of executive and legislative powers, and flexibility to change through new legislation.
As government and politics the constitution
This document provides an overview of the AS Government and Politics unit on governing the UK. It covers the key topics of the UK constitution, including definitions of codified and uncodified constitutions, unitary and federal systems, and rigid vs flexible constitutions. The sources of the UK's uncodified constitution are explained, such as statute law, common law, conventions, and EU laws. Core principles like parliamentary sovereignty, the rule of law, and constitutional monarchy are also introduced. The document provides context and examples to explain these complex constitutional concepts in an accessible way.
2. Sources of the Constitution
The document outlines several key sources of the UK constitution:
Statute law includes written laws passed by Parliament that can be enforced in courts, along with statutes affecting how the country is governed. EU law and treaties have also become significant as they take precedence over conflicting UK law. Constitutional conventions are established practices relating to government powers that are not legally binding. Major works of authority and documents like the Magna Carta provide guidance and established important principles recognized as authoritative. The royal prerogative consists of traditional powers of the monarch now exercised by ministers, and common law is case law developed from legal precedents.
What is Constitution, Differences and Similarities Between Britain & French C...
This document compares and contrasts the British and French constitutions. It notes that constitutions can be written or unwritten, and the British constitution is unwritten while the French is written. Some key differences are that amendments in Britain are by ordinary procedure while France requires a two-thirds majority, and members of the British House of Lords are appointed by the Queen while French Senate members are indirectly elected. However, both countries have a bicameral system, rule of law, independent judiciaries, and general elections every five years. The parliaments are also supreme in both nations.
Ch. 3 The Constitution
The document summarizes the key components and principles of the US Constitution, including the three branches of government, amendments, and both formal and informal processes of constitutional change. It outlines the 27 amendments under categories such as the Bill of Rights, Civil War amendments, and 20th century amendments. The informal amendment process can occur through legislation, executive action, court decisions, political party practices, and custom.
Week 4: Constitution
The British constitution is an uncodified system comprised of written and unwritten rules. It has adapted over time through incremental reforms rather than by replacing the existing framework. Recent reforms have included devolving some powers to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland; incorporating the European Convention on Human Rights; and establishing independent electoral authorities. However, parliamentary sovereignty, the concentration of power in Westminster, and an outdated electoral system remain ongoing weaknesses according to critics of the traditional British constitutional model.
Recommended
Constitution
The document discusses key concepts related to the UK constitution, including what a constitution is, the differences between codified and uncodified constitutions, the sources and features of the UK constitution, and debates around sovereignty and reform. It notes that while Parliament is legally sovereign, in practice political sovereignty has evolved, such as through devolution and EU membership, which have placed some limits on Parliamentary power.
The constitution
The UK constitution is largely unwritten and derives from many different sources over centuries. It consists of laws, conventions, historical documents and customs. Laws include acts of parliament, common law, and case law. Conventions are unwritten customs considered binding, but without legal force. An action can be considered unconstitutional if it breaks any rule of the constitution. The constitution establishes parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law.
1. The Constitution
The UK constitution is an uncodified set of rules that define the government and protect civil liberties. It aims to limit government power by establishing separate powers and responsibilities for institutions like Parliament. The UK constitution has evolved over time based on parliamentary sovereignty, with Parliament able to make any law. Its key features include parliamentary sovereignty, being uncodified, a unitary system, a fusion of executive and legislative powers, and flexibility to change through new legislation.
As government and politics the constitution
This document provides an overview of the AS Government and Politics unit on governing the UK. It covers the key topics of the UK constitution, including definitions of codified and uncodified constitutions, unitary and federal systems, and rigid vs flexible constitutions. The sources of the UK's uncodified constitution are explained, such as statute law, common law, conventions, and EU laws. Core principles like parliamentary sovereignty, the rule of law, and constitutional monarchy are also introduced. The document provides context and examples to explain these complex constitutional concepts in an accessible way.
2. Sources of the Constitution
The document outlines several key sources of the UK constitution:
Statute law includes written laws passed by Parliament that can be enforced in courts, along with statutes affecting how the country is governed. EU law and treaties have also become significant as they take precedence over conflicting UK law. Constitutional conventions are established practices relating to government powers that are not legally binding. Major works of authority and documents like the Magna Carta provide guidance and established important principles recognized as authoritative. The royal prerogative consists of traditional powers of the monarch now exercised by ministers, and common law is case law developed from legal precedents.
What is Constitution, Differences and Similarities Between Britain & French C...
This document compares and contrasts the British and French constitutions. It notes that constitutions can be written or unwritten, and the British constitution is unwritten while the French is written. Some key differences are that amendments in Britain are by ordinary procedure while France requires a two-thirds majority, and members of the British House of Lords are appointed by the Queen while French Senate members are indirectly elected. However, both countries have a bicameral system, rule of law, independent judiciaries, and general elections every five years. The parliaments are also supreme in both nations.
Ch. 3 The Constitution
The document summarizes the key components and principles of the US Constitution, including the three branches of government, amendments, and both formal and informal processes of constitutional change. It outlines the 27 amendments under categories such as the Bill of Rights, Civil War amendments, and 20th century amendments. The informal amendment process can occur through legislation, executive action, court decisions, political party practices, and custom.
Week 4: Constitution
The British constitution is an uncodified system comprised of written and unwritten rules. It has adapted over time through incremental reforms rather than by replacing the existing framework. Recent reforms have included devolving some powers to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland; incorporating the European Convention on Human Rights; and establishing independent electoral authorities. However, parliamentary sovereignty, the concentration of power in Westminster, and an outdated electoral system remain ongoing weaknesses according to critics of the traditional British constitutional model.
Summary of constitution in uk end of topic
The document discusses several key aspects of the UK constitution:
- It defines a constitution as establishing power distribution, relationships between institutions, limits on government power, and citizen rights.
- The UK constitution is largely uncodified, with power concentrated in Parliament, but devolution has decentralized some authority.
- New Labour oversaw several reforms between 1997-2010, including removing most hereditary peers, establishing devolved assemblies, codifying freedom of information and human rights, and increasing judicial independence.
British Constitution
This document provides an overview of the key features of the British constitution. It notes that the British constitution is unwritten, consisting of laws, traditions and precedents. It has evolved over time through incremental changes rather than being written at a single point. The constitution is also flexible, allowing acts of parliament to function as both constitutional and ordinary law. Some other important aspects mentioned are the sovereignty of parliament, the mixed monarchical-democratic system, and the role of conventions alongside legal rules.
Convention
The document discusses constitutional conventions in the UK constitution. It notes that conventions are established rules of practice that are not legally enforceable but are considered binding. Conventions provide flexibility to the rigid rules of law and help the democratic process work smoothly. However, conventions rely on acceptance and can change with contemporary attitudes. The document examines examples of key conventions like collective ministerial responsibility.
As
The document provides an overview of the UK constitution, including what a constitution is, the sources of the UK constitution (both written and unwritten), the history and changes over time, key concepts like sovereignty and the unitary system, arguments for and against an uncodified constitution, and the branches of government and separation/fusion of powers. It covers the core structures and concepts that make up the UK's unwritten constitution.
The british constitution
The British constitution is not set out in a single document but rather has evolved over many years through a combination of written laws, court rulings, conventions and traditions. It serves several functions including distributing power, protecting freedoms, defining limits on government, and providing stability. Unlike other nations like the US, the British constitution is partly written and uncodified, with sources scattered across documents, and can be amended through regular acts of parliament rather than a special process. Recent constitutional reforms under New Labour focused on areas like the House of Lords, devolution, freedom of information and human rights.
7. constitution and government 3
The document explores whether a written constitution influences and limits government powers more than an unwritten one. It compares the US Constitution, which is written, to the UK constitution, which is partly written and partly based on conventions and precedents. The key principle of the UK constitution is parliamentary sovereignty, which establishes Parliament as the supreme legal authority that can create or repeal any law.
8. strengths of a uk constitution
The document discusses the strengths of the UK constitution. It begins by stating the objectives of identifying strengths of the UK constitution and reflecting on learning from the unit. Some key strengths mentioned include parliamentary sovereignty, which establishes that parliament has ultimate lawmaking power; the principle of the rule of law; and the existence of a unitary state with power held by the central Westminster Parliament. However, some argue these principles are outdated given developments like devolution and European law. An advantage of the UK's uncodified constitution is that it allows for flexibility and reform, as demonstrated by recent constitutional changes. However, some reforms like devolution may limit future flexibility.
6 parliament
Parliament has evolved over centuries from advisory bodies to the King to the modern legislature. Key developments include the rise of the House of Commons' power over taxes, the English Civil War which established Parliament's supremacy, and reform acts in the 19th century which expanded the voting franchise. Today Parliament provides legitimacy, scrutiny of the executive, lawmaking, and representation of the population, though some argue EU membership reduces British sovereignty.
3. Codified & Uncodified Constitutions
This document defines and provides examples of codified and uncodified constitutions. A codified constitution collects key provisions in a single document, making it authoritative and difficult to amend. Examples include the US and India. An uncodified constitution lacks a single document, so laws have the same status and the constitution can change easily. Examples include the UK and Israel. Codified constitutions are authoritative, entrenched, and allow judicial review, while uncodified constitutions are not and changes are through normal lawmaking. Advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed.
AS Politics - Revision Guide: Unit 1
This document discusses political participation and voting behavior in the UK. It provides an overview of key concepts like democracy, political power vs authority, and different theories that seek to explain voting behavior such as party identification theory, sociological theory, and rational choice theory. It also examines factors that influence voting like social class, partisanship, and more recent short-term influences. Participation in politics has declined over time with fewer people joining political parties or contacting politicians.
Unit 2 government_and_politics_2011_2012[1] dns
This unit outline introduces a government and politics course covering UK political institutions, processes, and concepts. Students will develop skills in analyzing and evaluating political information, identifying connections between different systems, and communicating arguments. Assessment involves an exam with stimulus-based and extended response questions testing knowledge, analysis, and argument construction.
Unit 2: Excellent revision aid..a must for all students
This document provides a summary of the key topics covered on the Edexcel Unit 2a Managing the Business specification, mapped to resources on the tutor2u Business Studies blog. It outlines the main content students need to know for each topic, including marketing objectives and strategy, identifying the marketing mix, managing the provision process, productivity and efficiency, capacity utilization, stock control, lean management, quality management techniques, and consumer protection legislation. Teacher guidance is also provided to help instructors explain each topic. The summary is intended to help teachers and students navigate the content and resources for this unit on managing a business.
Question, mark scheme, examiners report and model answer jan 13
This document discusses a mark scheme for an exam question about the extent to which constitutional reforms in the UK since 1997 have made the country more democratic. It outlines reforms that should be discussed, such as devolution, the Human Rights Act, Lords reform, elected mayors, and the Freedom of Information Act. It also lists aspects of democracy that have been addressed, including decentralization, accountability, participation, and open government. The document provides guidance on what constitutes a level 2 and level 3 response and examines answers given on this question in an exam, noting popular topics discussed and areas for improvement.
GOV4A: United States Politics - A Complete Overview
The document provides an overview of the government of the United States, including its Constitution, branches of government, and concepts of federalism. It discusses the origins of the US beginning with the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the problems with the Articles of Confederation. It then summarizes the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 and the creation of the US Constitution, as well as subsequent amendments like the Bill of Rights. The summary also outlines the three branches of government established by the Constitution - the legislative, executive, and judicial branches - and how they check and balance each other's powers. It also examines the concept of federalism and how it has evolved over time in the US system of government.
Model essay: Should the UK adopt a codified constitution
The document discusses the arguments for and against the UK adopting a codified constitution. It explains that a codified constitution would make rules clearer and protect individual rights through a bill of rights, but could also lead to judicial tyranny and undermine parliamentary sovereignty. The key arguments against are that codified constitutions are rigid and inflexible, which is problematic in a rapidly changing society. Overall, the document concludes that the UK should not adopt a codified constitution due to the importance of flexibility to amend laws through acts of parliament rather than constitutional changes.
Aidan ferris
The document discusses factors that may have caused a decrease in the UK's international competitiveness between 2007-2008. These include: low investment and R&D spending, which hindered market growth and improvement; outdated infrastructure, especially for transportation, which impacted industry efficiency; and a shortage of skilled workers, lowering production quality. It also notes the global recession in 2008 reduced consumer spending and demand for services. Strategies to improve competitiveness mentioned include: increasing training to develop specialized skills; lowering business taxes; government incentives for investment; and subsidies to support growth industries. However, some strategies like trade barriers could spark retaliation, while tax cuts may not lower costs.
AS Government & Politics - UK Political Parties
The document provides information about political parties in the UK, including definitions of political parties and different types of parties. It discusses mainstream political parties like the Conservatives, Labour, and Liberal Democrats as well as single-issue parties. It also compares political parties to pressure groups. Additionally, it examines the structure and ideology of the Labour Party in the UK in detail. The document uses examples, definitions, and comparisons to concisely summarize key concepts about political parties in the UK system of government.
The role of the opposition
The opposition plays a key role in holding the government accountable even when outnumbered. They can make damaging criticisms of the government during debates in parliament and question members of the executive. A strong opposition helps ensure the ruling party does not make serious mistakes without scrutiny and can help prevent backbench rebellions. Backbench MPs from all parties who are not ministers represent constituents, serve communities, vote on legislation, and conduct committee work and executive scrutiny. The legislative process involves a bill being introduced, debated at multiple readings and in committees, potentially amended, passed by both the House of Commons and House of Lords, before receiving royal assent to become law.
Parliament
Parliament began as an advisory body called by English monarchs to represent different social classes and give legitimacy and consent to new laws and taxes. While early Parliaments supported the monarch's power, they were not a democratic expression of the people's will as members were appointed rather than elected. Over time, Parliament grew in power and importance, though monarchs still held most authority until the 17th century execution of King Charles I, after he attempted to rule without Parliamentary approval.
The Legislative Branch | Congress
The document provides an overview of the legislative branch of the US government. It discusses the constitutional role and composition of Congress, differences between the House of Representatives and Senate, importance of political parties, and the relationship between Congress, government, and Supreme Court. Key details are provided on the makeup and roles of both the House and Senate, including powers, leadership positions, and the legislative process bills must go through.
Political parties ideology
The Conservative Party adheres to conservative philosophies of maintaining the status quo and gradual change. One Nation Conservatism from the 20th century promoted welfare and social harmony. Thatcherism in the 1970s rejected consensus and promoted free markets. Cameron advocated compassionate conservatism and local control. The Labour Party was founded on socialist ideals of public ownership and workers' rights. Old Labour was union-dominated while New Labour under Blair distanced itself from unions and promoted moderate social democratic policies. Miliband has criticized New Labour and advocates a stronger state role in the economy.
Jan 07 old syllabus
The document discusses collective ministerial responsibility, parliamentary government vs presidential government, and the effectiveness of parliament in scrutinizing the executive.
1) Collective ministerial responsibility is a convention where ministers collectively support government decisions, even if they privately disagree.
2) Parliamentary systems fuse legislative and executive powers, while presidential systems separate them. Governments are accountable to parliament in parliamentary systems.
3) Parliament scrutinizes the executive through mechanisms like questions, debates, and committees. However, its effectiveness is limited as the governing party usually controls parliament, and the media now plays a large role in scrutiny.
More Related Content
What's hot
Summary of constitution in uk end of topic
The document discusses several key aspects of the UK constitution:
- It defines a constitution as establishing power distribution, relationships between institutions, limits on government power, and citizen rights.
- The UK constitution is largely uncodified, with power concentrated in Parliament, but devolution has decentralized some authority.
- New Labour oversaw several reforms between 1997-2010, including removing most hereditary peers, establishing devolved assemblies, codifying freedom of information and human rights, and increasing judicial independence.
British Constitution
This document provides an overview of the key features of the British constitution. It notes that the British constitution is unwritten, consisting of laws, traditions and precedents. It has evolved over time through incremental changes rather than being written at a single point. The constitution is also flexible, allowing acts of parliament to function as both constitutional and ordinary law. Some other important aspects mentioned are the sovereignty of parliament, the mixed monarchical-democratic system, and the role of conventions alongside legal rules.
Convention
The document discusses constitutional conventions in the UK constitution. It notes that conventions are established rules of practice that are not legally enforceable but are considered binding. Conventions provide flexibility to the rigid rules of law and help the democratic process work smoothly. However, conventions rely on acceptance and can change with contemporary attitudes. The document examines examples of key conventions like collective ministerial responsibility.
As
The document provides an overview of the UK constitution, including what a constitution is, the sources of the UK constitution (both written and unwritten), the history and changes over time, key concepts like sovereignty and the unitary system, arguments for and against an uncodified constitution, and the branches of government and separation/fusion of powers. It covers the core structures and concepts that make up the UK's unwritten constitution.
The british constitution
The British constitution is not set out in a single document but rather has evolved over many years through a combination of written laws, court rulings, conventions and traditions. It serves several functions including distributing power, protecting freedoms, defining limits on government, and providing stability. Unlike other nations like the US, the British constitution is partly written and uncodified, with sources scattered across documents, and can be amended through regular acts of parliament rather than a special process. Recent constitutional reforms under New Labour focused on areas like the House of Lords, devolution, freedom of information and human rights.
7. constitution and government 3
The document explores whether a written constitution influences and limits government powers more than an unwritten one. It compares the US Constitution, which is written, to the UK constitution, which is partly written and partly based on conventions and precedents. The key principle of the UK constitution is parliamentary sovereignty, which establishes Parliament as the supreme legal authority that can create or repeal any law.
8. strengths of a uk constitution
The document discusses the strengths of the UK constitution. It begins by stating the objectives of identifying strengths of the UK constitution and reflecting on learning from the unit. Some key strengths mentioned include parliamentary sovereignty, which establishes that parliament has ultimate lawmaking power; the principle of the rule of law; and the existence of a unitary state with power held by the central Westminster Parliament. However, some argue these principles are outdated given developments like devolution and European law. An advantage of the UK's uncodified constitution is that it allows for flexibility and reform, as demonstrated by recent constitutional changes. However, some reforms like devolution may limit future flexibility.
6 parliament
Parliament has evolved over centuries from advisory bodies to the King to the modern legislature. Key developments include the rise of the House of Commons' power over taxes, the English Civil War which established Parliament's supremacy, and reform acts in the 19th century which expanded the voting franchise. Today Parliament provides legitimacy, scrutiny of the executive, lawmaking, and representation of the population, though some argue EU membership reduces British sovereignty.
3. Codified & Uncodified Constitutions
This document defines and provides examples of codified and uncodified constitutions. A codified constitution collects key provisions in a single document, making it authoritative and difficult to amend. Examples include the US and India. An uncodified constitution lacks a single document, so laws have the same status and the constitution can change easily. Examples include the UK and Israel. Codified constitutions are authoritative, entrenched, and allow judicial review, while uncodified constitutions are not and changes are through normal lawmaking. Advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed.
What's hot (9)
Viewers also liked
AS Politics - Revision Guide: Unit 1
This document discusses political participation and voting behavior in the UK. It provides an overview of key concepts like democracy, political power vs authority, and different theories that seek to explain voting behavior such as party identification theory, sociological theory, and rational choice theory. It also examines factors that influence voting like social class, partisanship, and more recent short-term influences. Participation in politics has declined over time with fewer people joining political parties or contacting politicians.
Unit 2 government_and_politics_2011_2012[1] dns
This unit outline introduces a government and politics course covering UK political institutions, processes, and concepts. Students will develop skills in analyzing and evaluating political information, identifying connections between different systems, and communicating arguments. Assessment involves an exam with stimulus-based and extended response questions testing knowledge, analysis, and argument construction.
Unit 2: Excellent revision aid..a must for all students
This document provides a summary of the key topics covered on the Edexcel Unit 2a Managing the Business specification, mapped to resources on the tutor2u Business Studies blog. It outlines the main content students need to know for each topic, including marketing objectives and strategy, identifying the marketing mix, managing the provision process, productivity and efficiency, capacity utilization, stock control, lean management, quality management techniques, and consumer protection legislation. Teacher guidance is also provided to help instructors explain each topic. The summary is intended to help teachers and students navigate the content and resources for this unit on managing a business.
Question, mark scheme, examiners report and model answer jan 13
This document discusses a mark scheme for an exam question about the extent to which constitutional reforms in the UK since 1997 have made the country more democratic. It outlines reforms that should be discussed, such as devolution, the Human Rights Act, Lords reform, elected mayors, and the Freedom of Information Act. It also lists aspects of democracy that have been addressed, including decentralization, accountability, participation, and open government. The document provides guidance on what constitutes a level 2 and level 3 response and examines answers given on this question in an exam, noting popular topics discussed and areas for improvement.
GOV4A: United States Politics - A Complete Overview
The document provides an overview of the government of the United States, including its Constitution, branches of government, and concepts of federalism. It discusses the origins of the US beginning with the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the problems with the Articles of Confederation. It then summarizes the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 and the creation of the US Constitution, as well as subsequent amendments like the Bill of Rights. The summary also outlines the three branches of government established by the Constitution - the legislative, executive, and judicial branches - and how they check and balance each other's powers. It also examines the concept of federalism and how it has evolved over time in the US system of government.
Model essay: Should the UK adopt a codified constitution
The document discusses the arguments for and against the UK adopting a codified constitution. It explains that a codified constitution would make rules clearer and protect individual rights through a bill of rights, but could also lead to judicial tyranny and undermine parliamentary sovereignty. The key arguments against are that codified constitutions are rigid and inflexible, which is problematic in a rapidly changing society. Overall, the document concludes that the UK should not adopt a codified constitution due to the importance of flexibility to amend laws through acts of parliament rather than constitutional changes.
Aidan ferris
The document discusses factors that may have caused a decrease in the UK's international competitiveness between 2007-2008. These include: low investment and R&D spending, which hindered market growth and improvement; outdated infrastructure, especially for transportation, which impacted industry efficiency; and a shortage of skilled workers, lowering production quality. It also notes the global recession in 2008 reduced consumer spending and demand for services. Strategies to improve competitiveness mentioned include: increasing training to develop specialized skills; lowering business taxes; government incentives for investment; and subsidies to support growth industries. However, some strategies like trade barriers could spark retaliation, while tax cuts may not lower costs.
AS Government & Politics - UK Political Parties
The document provides information about political parties in the UK, including definitions of political parties and different types of parties. It discusses mainstream political parties like the Conservatives, Labour, and Liberal Democrats as well as single-issue parties. It also compares political parties to pressure groups. Additionally, it examines the structure and ideology of the Labour Party in the UK in detail. The document uses examples, definitions, and comparisons to concisely summarize key concepts about political parties in the UK system of government.
The role of the opposition
The opposition plays a key role in holding the government accountable even when outnumbered. They can make damaging criticisms of the government during debates in parliament and question members of the executive. A strong opposition helps ensure the ruling party does not make serious mistakes without scrutiny and can help prevent backbench rebellions. Backbench MPs from all parties who are not ministers represent constituents, serve communities, vote on legislation, and conduct committee work and executive scrutiny. The legislative process involves a bill being introduced, debated at multiple readings and in committees, potentially amended, passed by both the House of Commons and House of Lords, before receiving royal assent to become law.
Parliament
Parliament began as an advisory body called by English monarchs to represent different social classes and give legitimacy and consent to new laws and taxes. While early Parliaments supported the monarch's power, they were not a democratic expression of the people's will as members were appointed rather than elected. Over time, Parliament grew in power and importance, though monarchs still held most authority until the 17th century execution of King Charles I, after he attempted to rule without Parliamentary approval.
The Legislative Branch | Congress
The document provides an overview of the legislative branch of the US government. It discusses the constitutional role and composition of Congress, differences between the House of Representatives and Senate, importance of political parties, and the relationship between Congress, government, and Supreme Court. Key details are provided on the makeup and roles of both the House and Senate, including powers, leadership positions, and the legislative process bills must go through.
Political parties ideology
The Conservative Party adheres to conservative philosophies of maintaining the status quo and gradual change. One Nation Conservatism from the 20th century promoted welfare and social harmony. Thatcherism in the 1970s rejected consensus and promoted free markets. Cameron advocated compassionate conservatism and local control. The Labour Party was founded on socialist ideals of public ownership and workers' rights. Old Labour was union-dominated while New Labour under Blair distanced itself from unions and promoted moderate social democratic policies. Miliband has criticized New Labour and advocates a stronger state role in the economy.
Jan 07 old syllabus
The document discusses collective ministerial responsibility, parliamentary government vs presidential government, and the effectiveness of parliament in scrutinizing the executive.
1) Collective ministerial responsibility is a convention where ministers collectively support government decisions, even if they privately disagree.
2) Parliamentary systems fuse legislative and executive powers, while presidential systems separate them. Governments are accountable to parliament in parliamentary systems.
3) Parliament scrutinizes the executive through mechanisms like questions, debates, and committees. However, its effectiveness is limited as the governing party usually controls parliament, and the media now plays a large role in scrutiny.
Jun 10 q1 mark scheme & examiners report
This document contains two essay questions and marking schemes about income inequality and the effects of changing tax rates in the UK. The first question asks about causes of income and wealth inequality, listing potential factors like education, skills, employment, assets, inheritance, and pensions. The second question evaluates the economic effects of introducing a new 50% income tax rate in the UK in 2010, such as disincentives to work, tax revenues, avoidance, and the impact on aggregate demand. Both marking schemes list points that should be discussed and evaluated in responses.
Departmental select committees_(factsheet)[1]
The document provides an overview of departmental select committees in the House of Commons. It discusses their role in scrutinizing government departments, how they conduct inquiries through gathering evidence and producing reports, and their overall structure including membership and staffing. Key points include that there are 19 departmental select committees that shadow government departments, committees are cross-party with a majority from the governing party, and their role is to examine departments' expenditure, administration and policy.
Structured as micro mc question practice
This document appears to be a practice test for a microeconomics exam, containing 8 multiple choice questions. No other contextual or content information is provided within the document itself.
Jun 11
This document provides a summary of an examiners' report on the June 2011 GCE Economics exam. The key points are:
1) The exam differentiated well between candidates and most were able to complete it in the allotted time, though some ran short on the final data response question. Essay questions proved more challenging than the previous year.
2) The most popular essay was question 3, followed by question 1, with question 2 being the least popular. Data response question 5 was more popular than question 4.
3) Weaker responses generally failed to answer the question directly, lacked economic knowledge and analysis, and showed poor written communication. Stronger answers demonstrated good application of concepts and understanding of recent economic
6. Constitution and Government 2
The document discusses examining how the UK constitution limits the power of government and discussing whether these limitations are sufficient. It begins by outlining two goals: to examine how the constitution limits government power and to discuss if these limitations are enough. It then poses a question about whether the country could be at risk from an "evil prime minister" in the future.
Jan 07 old syllabus
This document contains an exam for a Government and Politics course. It provides instructions for candidates on how to complete the exam, which consists of answering two of four questions. Each question has three parts worth various point totals. The questions cover topics like the powers of the House of Lords, differences between parliamentary and presidential systems, critiques of parliamentary scrutiny, definitions of constitutions and cabinets, and the role of judges. Candidate responses are provided in written form in the spaces under each question.
Jun 10 question, answer & report
Parliament has limited control over executive power for several reasons:
- The government usually has a majority, thanks to the electoral system, allowing it to pass legislation.
- MPs feel loyalty to the Prime Minister who controls appointments and can influence careers.
- Strong party loyalty means MPs support their party's policies rather than act independently.
- Select committees are still able to scrutinize departments effectively, and Parliament can veto legislation when used sparingly.
Viewers also liked (20)
Unit 2: Excellent revision aid..a must for all students
Unit 2: Excellent revision aid..a must for all students
Question, mark scheme, examiners report and model answer jan 13
Question, mark scheme, examiners report and model answer jan 13
GOV4A: United States Politics - A Complete Overview
GOV4A: United States Politics - A Complete Overview
Model essay: Should the UK adopt a codified constitution
Model essay: Should the UK adopt a codified constitution
Similar to Government and politics constitution 1
Branches of government
The document discusses the three branches of government in the UK: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The legislative branch, made up of Parliament, has the power to make and reform laws. The executive branch, comprised of government departments and the civil service, has the power to suggest and implement new laws. Finally, the judicial branch, consisting of the court system and judges, has the power to interpret laws and decide if they have been broken.
Chap22
The document summarizes political systems in several countries. For Great Britain, it describes the key elements of Britain's unwritten constitution, including the role of the monarchy and Parliament. It then summarizes the political systems of Japan, Mexico, and Russia. For Japan, it notes the structure of the National Diet and roles of the executive branch and bureaucracy. For Mexico, it discusses its early political history and current three-branch government system. For Russia, it outlines the country's political history since the Bolshevik Revolution and the structure of the former Soviet government.
1 introduction lecture
This document provides an overview of the Constitutional Law course, including its objectives, description, required texts, assessment structure, and lecture plan. The course aims to provide an understanding of Malaysia's Federal Constitution and fundamental rights. Key topics include the principles of constitutional law, constitutionalism, Malaysia's historical development, fundamental liberties, and current constitutional issues. Students will be assessed based on coursework and a final exam. The lectures will cover topics such as the basic features of the Federal Constitution, constitutional supremacy versus parliamentary supremacy, and types of constitutions.
1. Constitutional Law - Introduction.pdf
This document provides an overview of constitutional law and the key concepts surrounding it. It discusses:
1) The nature of constitutional law as the law relating to a state's constitution. It defines states and discusses unitary vs. federal models.
2) The distinction between states and governments, with governments defined as machinery to achieve state purposes.
3) The definition of a constitution as a country's supreme law and the different senses of how it is used.
4) The concept of constitutionalism and how it relates to limited government and restrictions on legislatures, executives, and protection of citizen rights.
Powerpoint.ppt
This document provides an overview of constitutional law and structures. It discusses the executive, legislature, and judiciary as the main bodies of government. It also covers different types of constitutions such as federal vs unitary and unicameral vs bicameral systems. The document then focuses on the UK constitution and debates around Scottish independence and increasing diversity within the judiciary. Students are instructed to analyze sample constitutions, prepare debates on motions related to these topics, and vote on the motions.
Chapter 3
The document outlines the process for amending the US Constitution through formal amendments. It describes how amendments can be proposed by a two-thirds vote in Congress or national convention, and then ratified by three-fourths of state legislatures or conventions. This process reflects the principles of federalism by involving both federal and state actors, and popular sovereignty by basing it on votes of elected representatives. In total, 27 amendments have been successfully added to the Constitution through this formal process.
Judicial review as
Judicial review refers to the process by which courts scrutinize actions by the legislature, executive, and other government bodies. Courts have the power to interpret statutes and review administrative actions for legal authority. While UK courts cannot strike down legislation due to parliamentary sovereignty, they can review statutes for compliance with EU law or human rights and determine whether executive actions exceed legal powers. Courts balance interpreting the letter and intention of the law, and their scrutiny of government has increased in recent decades in the UK.
Judicial review comparative
Judicial review refers to the power of courts to review and interpret legislation and actions of the other branches of government. Both the UK and US grant their highest courts this power, allowing them to review statutes for compliance with the constitution and review administrative actions. However, key differences exist between the two systems - UK courts cannot strike down legislation due to parliamentary sovereignty, while US courts have asserted the right to strike down laws since the 1803 Marbury v Madison case.
Constitution n Development in Uganda.pdf
The document discusses the politics of constitution making in Uganda by outlining the evolution of Uganda's constitutions since independence in 1962. It describes how Uganda has had 4 constitutions, with the 1995 constitution being amended 5 times for various political reasons such as removing presidential term limits and legalizing multi-party politics. The constitution making process in Uganda has been influenced by the desire of ruling parties to maintain control and suppress opposition. Overall, the document analyzes how politics has shaped Uganda's constitutions and the implications for democratic governance and development.
T1, 2021 Introduction to Business law - Lecture 1
The document provides an introduction to a business law course. It outlines the course coordinator, assessment details, textbook requirements, course content, workshops/tutorials, and expectations for passing the course. Key information includes weekly homework checks, in-class quizzes, midterm and final exams, individual assignments, and the prescribed business law textbook.
T1, 2021 business law lecture 1 - intro to law
The document provides an introduction to a business law course. It outlines the course coordinator, assessment details, textbook requirements, course content, workshops/tutorials, and expectations for passing the course. Key information includes weekly homework checks, in-class quizzes, midterm and final exams, individual assignments, and the prescribed business law textbook. Students are advised to attend all lectures and tutorials, listen to instructors, avoid distractions, and submit all assessments to pass the course.
STATCON.pptx
This document discusses statutory construction and the enactment of statutes. It covers several key points:
1) The main types of laws include statutes passed by the legislature and other legislative bodies, as well as presidential issuances and local ordinances.
2) Statutes can be classified in various ways such as by subject matter, duration, and intended effect.
3) For a bill to become a law it must go through several readings and votes in both the House and Senate, and then be signed by the President or enacted through a veto override.
4) Statutes must have a title expressing the subject matter and include an enacting clause stating the authority under which it is enacted. Insufficient titles can
Week 1 - Introduction and the Canadian Legal System (1)(1).pptx
This document provides an introduction to the Canadian legal system. It discusses key topics including the sources of Canadian law such as legislation, common law, and the Quebec Civil Code. It outlines the hierarchy of courts in Canada and explains the roles of Parliament, legislatures, and courts. It also distinguishes between public law, private law, criminal law, and civil law. The document introduces important constitutional concepts like the division of powers between federal and provincial governments. Finally, it discusses the role of precedent in common law and how legislation and administrative tribunals fit within Canada's legal framework.
BUS 115 Chap002 Sources of the Law
The document discusses the various sources of law in the United States legal system, including constitutions, statutes, regulations, and court decisions. It addresses how the US Constitution established a federal republic and separation of powers among the branches of government. It also discusses how statutory law and common law are developed through legislative statutes and judicial precedents. Administrative agencies further develop regulations which have the force of law.
The constitution
The document discusses the constitution and the process of constitutional amendment, known as "Cha-cha" in the Philippines. It defines a constitution as the fundamental law of the land and explains that constitutions can be written, unwritten, rigid or flexible. It then provides examples of different types of constitutions from countries around the world. The document outlines the key differences between constitutions and statutes. It also summarizes the history of constitution-making and different processes by which constitutions can be amended.
Amendment process
This document discusses the amendment process of the US Constitution, noting that while the Articles of Confederation could not be changed easily, the Constitution includes provisions for amendment to allow flexibility over time. It describes the formal process through which amendments are proposed and ratified, and also discusses the concept of "informal amendment" through actions of the government that interpret and apply the Constitution. The document provides an overview of the Bill of Rights and the first ten amendments, focusing specifically on the protections of the First Amendment.
Unit 2 Revisions Cards
The document provides an overview of the UK constitution, including:
- The UK constitution is uncodified and consists of laws, conventions, and traditions established over time rather than being set out in a single document.
- Key principles of the UK constitution include parliamentary sovereignty, the separation of powers, and constitutional monarchy.
- There have been recent reforms like devolution, establishing the Supreme Court, and incorporating the European Convention on Human Rights, but the constitution remains flexible and changeable by Parliament.
- Arguments for and against a codified constitution include clarity and protection of rights versus flexibility and difficulty of codification given the UK's historical constitutional framework.
Unit 1 constitution
The document discusses several influences on the development of the American government, including the Magna Carta, philosopher John Locke's social contract theory, and the U.S. Constitution. It outlines some basic principles of the Constitution such as popular sovereignty, separation of powers, checks and balances, limited government, and federalism. It also provides a brief overview of the structure of the Constitution, including its preamble, 7 articles, Bill of Rights, and amendment process.
Parliament and law making
The British constitution is not codified in a single document but can be found across various sources. It allows flexibility but some argue it should be codified for public access. Key principles include parliamentary supremacy, rule of law, and separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. However, membership in the EU and international treaties have also impacted the UK legal system.
Civic Mirror Constitution
This document discusses various constitutions including Canada's Constitution Act of 1982 and Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It explains that the Constitution Act marked the first inclusion of a charter of rights in Canada, giving courts a greater role in reviewing legislation. The Charter protects fundamental rights and freedoms and balances legislative and judicial powers. The document also summarizes other important constitutions like the Magna Carta and British North America Act of 1867 that helped establish Canada's system of government. Students will analyze sections of the fictional "Civic Mirror Constitution" in groups.
Similar to Government and politics constitution 1 (20)
Week 1 - Introduction and the Canadian Legal System (1)(1).pptx
Week 1 - Introduction and the Canadian Legal System (1)(1).pptx
Recently uploaded
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdBÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdaneবাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Recently uploaded (20)
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Government and politics constitution 1
- 1. Government and Politics Lesson 1: Constitution
- 2. Homework tasks: Weeks 2 and 3 • Set up blog • Read at least two broadsheet newspapers per week. Keep cuttings relevant to course in file. • Listen to radio 4 • Watch Newsnight • Research media platforms. How is the political sphere presented across a variety of media platforms? • Read the textbook when set specific pages
- 3. Classwork term 1 • Group presentations • Seminars • Campaigns • Comparative studies: USA and Europe • Exam techniques
- 4. Unit 2:1 The UK Constitution • Main features: – The constitution is a SET OF PRINCIPLES. In the UK it is unwritten • Function of the Constitution: – Determines HOW political power is distributed – Can be either FEDERAL as in the USA ie shared between the centre and the regions – Can be UNITARY as in the UK when all the real power is with central government – Also determines the balance of power between the PM / President, Government and Parliament and the bicameral chambers
- 5. Other Functions Of The Constitution • Determines the work of other institutions • Determines the limits of Govt power (in the UK govt power= total, in the USA govt power= limited) • Assesses the rights of the citizen against the state • Establishes rules of nationality (citizenship) • Amendments: formal (USA) evolved (UK)
- 6. Codification • Codification (or the formalising of a constitution/ amendment of it) often occurs at a critical time in a country’s history. • UK: two tier legal system; higher laws and ordinary laws
- 7. Un Codified Constitutions • Entrenchment: protects the constitution from long and short-term amendment – eg human rights (most recently an issue since became a part of EU law) When a new amendment is required to an un codified constitution, special arrangements are established – A referendum( putting the issue to the vote of the general public) or – Special parliamentary procedures
- 8. Question: • To what extent do you agree that the current system of government in the UK undermines the constitution Or • Compare the constitutions of the UK and one other country from the table on p153. In what ways does codification affect the autonomy of the government and parliament?
- 9. Case study • Compare the functions of the US Supreme Court with the UK House of Lords
- 10. Homework: For 16/9/10 • Read Evaluating Codification (p155) Extension: Student activity (p159) case study
- 11. Glossary terms from this lesson • Constitution= set of principles by which a country is governed • Bicameral= two chambers (in UK House of Commons and House of Lords) • Sovereignty= ultimate political power • Evolved amendments= changes to the constitution that occur over time • Codification= the formal recording of the constitution of a country • Entrenchment= the adherence of a country to aspects of the constitution over time
- 12. Some key points about the UK constitution • UK- Parliament is SOVEREIGN • Constitution is UNWRITTEN