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This document provides an overview of constitutional law and structures. It discusses the executive, legislature, and judiciary as the main bodies of government. It also covers different types of constitutions such as federal vs unitary and unicameral vs bicameral systems. The document then focuses on the UK constitution and debates around Scottish independence and increasing diversity within the judiciary. Students are instructed to analyze sample constitutions, prepare debates on motions related to these topics, and vote on the motions.
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The documents discuss the history of banking in India. They describe how the three Presidency Banks were established in the 19th century and later amalgamated to form the Imperial Bank of India in 1921. The Imperial Bank performed some central banking functions until the Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935. The RBI took over as the central bank and continues to regulate monetary policy and the banking system in India.
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(PSU毕业证书)宾州州立大学公园分校毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
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三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
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◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Lincoln硕士毕业证成绩单【微信95270640】办理新西兰林肯大学毕业证原版一模一样、Lincoln毕业证制作【Q微信95270640】《新西兰林肯大学毕业证购买流程》《Lincoln成绩单制作》新西兰林肯大学毕业证书Lincoln毕业证文凭新西兰林肯大学
本科毕业证书,学历学位认证如何办理【留学国外学位学历认证、毕业证、成绩单、大学Offer、雅思托福代考、语言证书、学生卡、高仿教育部认证等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务】代办国外（海外）英国、加拿大、美国、新西兰、澳大利亚、新西兰等国外各大学毕业证、文凭学历证书、成绩单、学历学位认证真实可查。
[留学文凭学历认证(留信认证使馆认证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单毕业证证书大学Offer请假条成绩单语言证书国际回国人员证明高仿教育部认证申请学校等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
多年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学degreeDiplomaTranscripts等毕业材料。海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？工艺难度主要由：烫金.钢印.底纹.水印.防伪光标.热敏防伪等等组成。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理新西兰林肯大学新西兰林肯大学毕业证学位证信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
— — — — 我们是挂科和未毕业同学们的福音我们是实体公司精益求精的工艺！ — — — -
一真实留信认证的作用(私企外企荣誉的见证):
1：该专业认证可证明留学生真实留学身份同时对留学生所学专业等级给予评定。
2：国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书这个入网证书并且可以归档到地方。
3：凡是获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内将在公安部网内查询个人身份证信息后同步读取人才网入库信息。
4：个人职称评审加20分个人信誉贷款加10分。
5：在国家人才网主办的全国网络招聘大会中纳入资料供国家500强等高端企业选择人才。问山娃想买什么想吃什么山娃知道父亲赚钱很辛苦除了书籍和文具山娃啥也不要能牵着父亲的手满城闲逛他已心满意足了父亲连挑了三套童装叫山娃试穿山娃有点不想父亲说城里不比乡下要穿得漂漂亮亮爸怎么不穿得漂亮望着父亲山娃反问道父亲听了并不回答只是吃吃地笑山娃很精神越逛越起劲父亲却越逛越疲倦望着父亲呵欠连天的样子山娃也说困了累了回家吧小屋闷罐一般头顶上的三叶扇彻夜呜呜作响搅得满屋热气腾腾也搅得山娃心烦意乱父亲一的
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Powerpoint.ppt
- 2. Introduction • Law and State • Questions • Overview: 1. Examine constitutions 2. Debates
- 3. Constitutions 1 • Executive…. • Body or bodies that put the law into effect • Legislature…. • Body or bodies that make laws • Judiciary …. • Body or bodies that settle disputes arising from application or interpretation of the laws
- 4. Constitutions 2 • Federal • Various powers of government are divided between different geographical units and a central government • Unitary • Ultimate power is held by a central government
- 5. Constitutions 3 • Unicameral • A single law making authority • Bicameral • Two legislative assemblies which act as a check on the other
- 6. Constitutions 4 • Split into 4 groups and given a constitution • Have 15 minutes to determine: • The name/names of the executive, legislature and the highest judicial body/bodies • Whether constitution is federal or unitary • Whether constitution is unicameral or bicameral • N.B. If time also consider the above in relation to the UK
- 7. Constitutions 5 • What does the UK constitution look like? • It is uncodified • Made up of legislation/cases/conventions • Executive = The Government • Legislative = Parliament • Judiciary = Supreme Court • It is unitary (but devolution) • It has a bicameral system (House of Commons and House of Lords)
- 8. Separation of Powers • Separation of powers is…. 1. The separation of personnel and functions of government 2. Bodies providing ‘checks and balances’ on the power of other bodies
- 9. Debates • Twenty minutes to prepare in your groups • Five minutes for each group to present (up to you how you present) • Time for each group to respond • Other two groups vote whether to approve the motion or not
- 10. Debate Motions Motion 1: Scotland should become an independent country Motion 2: The judiciary should be representative of society.
- 11. Scottish Independence • Historically a separate country • Crowns were united in 1603 (James I) and Parliaments in 1706 (Treaty of Union) • Devolution occurred in 1998 (74.3% voted for it) • Scottish parliament can make law on a wide range of subjects (e.g. education, the environment, health and housing) • There are still numerous reserved matters (e.g. benefits, immigration, defence, foreign policy) that only the UK can legislate on • SNP gained a majority in the Scottish Parliament in 2011 giving them a mandate to hold an independence referendum on 18 September 2014.
- 12. Scottish Independence 2 The main issues include: • What currency an independent Scotland would use (pound, euro or something else) • The impact on business • Membership of the EU (whether Scotland would be automatically able to join or not) • The economy
- 13. Judicial Diversity • Old Boy’s Network • Appointments made upon ‘merit’ and encourage diversity (ss63-64) • 22.6% female and 4.2% BME (Judiciary.gov.uk) • Supreme Court 1 female judge and 0 BME • ‘Trickle Up’ – Lord Sumption • Positive Discrimination – Baroness Hale • Equality of Opportunity
- 14. Judicial Diversity 2 Reasons for: • Different perspectives • Think/Reason differently • Act as role models • Reflect demographics of society • BUT if impartial does it matter? • How far do we go to achieve diversity?
- 15. Debates • Fifteen minutes to prepare in your groups • Five minutes for each group to present (up to you how you present) • Time for each group to respond • Other two groups vote whether to approve the motion or not
- 16. Motions Motion 1: Scotland should become an independent country Motion 2: The judiciary should be representative of society.
- 17. Summary • Constitutions – executive/legislative/judiciary • Scottish independence • Judicial diversity • How to read legal documents • Debates