Good governance is an indeterminate term used in the international development literature to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources. Governance is "the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented)".[1] The term governance can apply to corporate, international, national, local governance[1] or to the interactions between other sectors of society.
The concept of "good governance" of ten emerges as a model to compare ineffective economies or political bodies with viable economies and political bodies.
Good governance is an indeterminate term used in the international development literature to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources. Governance is "the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented)".[1] The term governance can apply to corporate, international, national, local governance[1] or to the interactions between other sectors of society.
The concept of "good governance" of ten emerges as a model to compare ineffective economies or political bodies with viable economies and political bodies.
What are political parties? What are they for? How do you set up a political party? Are political parties in crisis? Parties not only have fewer and fewer members, they must have a leader and are no longer present locally. In 2014 Prof. Sabino Cassese began to talk about the ‘liquefaction of parties’.
Americanpoliticalsystemppt 110919181530-phpapp01Wayne Williams
How Federalism works to solve political problems in America. Public policy, collective dilemmas, types of government institutions, authoritarianism, oligarchies, one party states,
Guidelines for Boosting Productivity — Part 1Adam Sicinski
The following doodles present you with several helpful guidelines and ideas that are guaranteed to help you get more done far more efficiently throughout the day.
Explore this topic in detail at blog.iqmatrix.com/boost-productivity
What are political parties? What are they for? How do you set up a political party? Are political parties in crisis? Parties not only have fewer and fewer members, they must have a leader and are no longer present locally. In 2014 Prof. Sabino Cassese began to talk about the ‘liquefaction of parties’.
Americanpoliticalsystemppt 110919181530-phpapp01Wayne Williams
How Federalism works to solve political problems in America. Public policy, collective dilemmas, types of government institutions, authoritarianism, oligarchies, one party states,
Guidelines for Boosting Productivity — Part 1Adam Sicinski
The following doodles present you with several helpful guidelines and ideas that are guaranteed to help you get more done far more efficiently throughout the day.
Explore this topic in detail at blog.iqmatrix.com/boost-productivity
Electoral System in 2025: Diagnosis and Change PrinciplesMarcin Senderski
Democracy’s image is becoming increasingly impaired. Its deterioration is proportional to the descending credibility of the top politicians. Thus, the rationale behind the assumptions to the newly developed electoral system should be to reinforce democracy’s rating by promoting more effective decision-makers and more transparent forms of government. This diagnosis, along with the assumption that society behaves rationally, underlies my forecast on how the electoral system may evolve in forthcoming years and how to address key challenges of contemporary democracy.
POLICY FORMULATION IS THE FIRST STEP OF THE POLICY PROCESS. IT IS A COMPREHENSIVE PROCESS THAT INVOLVES DECIDING THE NATURE ANDSCALE OF THE POLICY TO BE DESIGNED AND IMPLEMENTED.
this PPT is about class 10 political science's chapter Political parties and the material is entirely based on NCERT book ans has been edited for better understanding of students.
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
2. Outline/ Objectives
Understand political society
Governance Issues in Political society
The Party system
Electoral system
Legislature
Political society: The Aggregate WGS findings
Difference in countries
Analysis of each individual indicator
Representative, Competitive, effectiveness, influence & Accountability
Implications for research and Practice
3. Question
Socializing → civil Society
What is the process dimension
of political society?
Remember David Eason
Political society →
aggregating of interests
4. Political Society
Involves aggregations of citizen views →packaged into specific policy demands and
proposals
Political society is where much of the political agenda is set
Toughest to govern Because power features so prominently
Formal rules matter particularly much here→ Legitimacy
PS is critical issue in many other contexts,
In societies divided by ethnicity, race, or religion.
How political society is structured and how its rules are the subject of collective stewardship
becomes of utmost importance in countries characterized by multiple cultures or nationalities
5. Political Society
It is not a single institution, but rather a
series of them, all of which are important
for the policy-aggregating function.
The first are political parties.
Autocracies tend to have only one,
democracies many.
The number of political parties in any given polity is to a considerable
extent determined by the electoral system in place.
There is a great variation around
the world, although the main
distinctions are between plurality,
majority or proportional systems of
representation
The legitimacy of PS rests to a great extent
on the credibility of individual legislators.
How well they live up to the norms
associated with representative
government is definitely important.
6. 1. Durable party system
2. Elections help produce
legitimate legislatures.
3. How well the policy
aggregating function is
performed by the legislature.
7. Aggregate demands into policy
Manageable and functioning party system
A large no. of parties ≠PS functions.
Effectiveness is typically easier when the number is not too high.
Political parties are weak and often fragmented entities, many dependent on a single
charismatic individual for leadership and guidance.
Parties tend to proliferate along ethnic lines, because each group constitutes a natural
political constituency for hopeful candidates
The Party System
8. The Party System
Wherever political parties become rigid and unable to accommodate themselves to
changes in the economy or society, the party system may prove to be a hindrance to
renewal and thus threaten the political stability of the country eg. Venezuela
Parties are vital to society
Help in mediating the relations btn citizen & gov’t
Rules that guide party works are important ↔ legislators operate & hw they are perceived
9. The Electoral System
It’s the most powerful instrument available in constitutional engineering.
It is virtually a given that one-seat districts with a plurality rule will reduce the number of
parties to two and that multi seat districts with proportional representation are associated
with more than two parties
Many Pol scientists consider this to be law… One reason for this caution is that plurality and
proportional systems of representation are not monolithic…
Bundestag are elected in single-member districts, while the rest are elected through a
proportional formula within one national constituency, which is tied to the outcome in the
single-member districts.
10. Key consideration under the Electoral System
Fairness
Proportional representation
Proportional is inclusive
Accountability
Plurality due 2 single vote
formula
Plurality creates a clear majority
• Choice of electoral system depends on historical circumstances
• Africa – Plurality Vs Proportional
• Neopatrimonialism tendencies high in Africa
• Design of electoral system sets rules 4 choosing representatives & How
• Legitimacy depends on the system & individual behavior
• Violation →electoral rules norms of fairness & freedom of choice affects Legitimacy
• Design of electoral system → political outcomes
11. Legislature
Holding gov’t A/C for decisions and actions
Mode of election and R/ship with executive
Debate on Presidential/ Parliamentalism
Checks & bal Power-
Not good in fragmented
Legislators are overlooked →Government negotiate with IFI
“Delegative democracy”→ strong influence of ID on domestic politics
12. Political Society: The Aggregate WGS Findings
Representativeness of Legislature This indicator assesses the extent to
which the legislature is representative of
society at large
Political Competition This indicator assesses the extent to
which power can be contested without
fear of retaliation
Aggregation of Public Preferences This indicator assesses how effectively
and fairly public preferences are
aggregated into public policy
Role of Legislative Function This indicator assesses the degree of
influence that the legislature has on the
making on public policy
Accountability of Elected Officials This indicator assesses how far elected
officials are viewed as accountable to
13. Country Representativeness Competitivene
ss
Effectivene
ss
Influenc
e
Accountabili
ty
Avera
ge
Chile 2.73 3.93 2.83 3.40 2.40 3.06
India 2.83 4.14 2.92 3.39 2.56 3.17
Jodan 2.63 2.63 2.83 2.68 2.25 2.60
Mongolia 2.79 3.82 2.49 3.08 2.74 2.98
Tanzania 3.15 3.24 2.76 2.76 2.67 2.92
Thailand 2.73 3.68 3.12 3.13 3.12 3.16
Argentina 2.17 3.51 2.33 2.77 2.20 2.60
Bulgaria 2.90 3.46 2.27 2.56 2.24 2.69
China 2.73 2.30 2.67 2.94 2.58 2.64
Indonesia 2.83 3.80 2.69 3.46 2.34 3.02
Peru 2.27 3.46 2.84 3.27 2.00 2.77
Kyrgyzstan 2.46 2.95 2.67 2.51 1.87 2.49
Pakistani 1.60 2.12 1.70 1.23 1.61 1.65
Philippines 2.14 2.94 2.43 2.74 2.26 2.50
Russia 2.61 2.66 2.53 2.29 1.71 2.36
Togo 1.67 2.21 1.79 1.71 1.83 1.84
14. Analysis of each individual indicator
• Right to take part in gov’t directly
or thru freely choosing
representation
• Issue of under representation of
women
• Poor
• Indigenous groups
2 institutional issues ( Electoral system
& Pol. Parties)
Proportional representation is
confusing in Indonesia
Issue of fairness by Pol parties
RESPONSIVENESS Competitiveness
• -
-Looks at peaceful contest station
4 power in society
-Competition is among the pol
parties ↔ high
-Transition fro
autocracy→democracy
-Easy 4 Latin America & En Epe,
Hard 4 Africa
-violence on opposition Eg Togo
-competitive score is the most
encouraging indicates that
managing rules matters
Effectiveness
Involves aggregation of public
preferences in an effective manner
( process the dd from CS)
Fragmentation due to many parties is
another matter
Issues to note.
Political parties are weak due to
Weak electoral system
Controlled by powerful charismatic
leaders
i.e voter preference on personal
appeal
Influence
How legislature →public preference
→policy
PS interaction with Exe branch of govt
Pursuing public preferences without
watering them down
3 issues relate to influence
1.Sytem of gov’t i.e Presidential or
Parliamentary
2.Level of centralization or
decentralization of political parties
3.Presence of committee system in
legislature
Parliamentary system score ↑Presidential
Accountability
How legislators behave while in parliament ( No
recall system)
Incumbency buy support
Issues
1.Looks at how legislator pursue personal interests
2.Policy drive as opposed to patronage
A/c score is low 4 PSI
-lack of trust→ legislators ignore public
Proportional is out right 4 No A/c BUT even the
Pluralist
Patronage is so important→ campaigns
Incumbents →govern resources
Patronage → clientelism
15. Implications for research and practice
Political society Governance challenges
inherent in political society
Implications to governance
practitioners
WGS indicates that PS is the
most difficulty arena to
govern
Pple have xpectan that
representatives serve interest
of constituents
Lack of trust in institutions
Difference across time,
countries and indicators due
to systemic or institutional
variations
Legislature is responsive 2
public opinion & has
influence on PP
Scores of Governance on
Political society don’t come
from democratic ctries only
Discrepancies btn prescribed
rules & actual behavior
There is no single path that
leads all ctries 2 good
governance
Institutions are still being
introduced, actors still
learning
Institutional diff ( party
&electoral systems are
constituted)
Short comings attributed to
