This document discusses good governance issues and policies in Pakistan. It defines good governance as effectively managing resources with public participation, accountability, and transparency. Good governance also promotes the rule of law. The document outlines dimensions of governance and provides conceptual frameworks that define good governance. It then discusses issues with governance in Pakistan such as institutional imbalance, political instability, and corruption. The document concludes by recommending policies to address these issues, including reforms to fiscal policies, the economy, and expenditures.

1. GOOD GOVERNANCE ISSUES
AND POLICIES IN
IMPERATIVES
Done by:
M.Mohsin Shahzad
From:
Lahore, Pakistan

2. INTRODUCTION
 Exercise of political, economic and administrative
authority
 Complex mechanisms, processes, relationships and
institutions
 Exercise of rights and obligations and mediating their
differences
 Continuing process of divergent opinions and desires

3. Dimensions of Governance
 The political regime
 The systems and procedures for exercising authority
 The capacity of governments

4. Good Governance
 Subset of governance
 Effectively managing public resources and problems
 Public participation, accountability and transparency
 Effective and equitable
 Promotes the rule of law fairly

5.  Sustaining human development
 Consensus among stakeholders
 State
 Creates conducive political and legal environment
 Private sector
 Generates jobs and income
 Civil society
 Facilitates political and social interaction
 Balance between taking advantage of emerging
market opportunities and providing a secure and
stable social and economic environment domestically

6. GOOD GOVERNANCE-ACONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
 Foundations of good governance
 Principle of freedom of thought
 Principle of freedom of speech
 Equality
 Equity
 Justice
 Honesty
 Transparency
 Accountability
 Based on lessons from history

7.  Definition used by the World Bank
 The manner in which power is exercised in the management of a
country’s economic and social resources
 Definition adopted by the Commission on Global
Governance
 The sum of the many ways in which individuals and institutions, public
and private, manage their common affairs
 Good Governance in the context of Pakistan
 To go well beyond ‘good’ politics or even the creation of a ‘decent’
society
 Enable the state, civil society and the private sector to enhance
both social development and economic growth as a means to
greater human development and increased levels of human
welfare

8. Six components of a broad conceptual framework
for good governance
 Leaders/Decision makers
 Constituencies
 Agenda
 Institutions
 Information
 Accountability Processes

9. Core characteristics of good governance
 Participation
 Rule of law
 Transparency
 Responsiveness
 Consensus orientation

10. Core characteristics of good governance continued
 Equity
 Effectiveness and efficiency
 Accountability
 Strategic vision

11. Issues Of Good Governance
 Institutional Imbalance
 Poor relations between center and federating units
 Political Instability
 Poor planning and development
 Inability to provide justice

12. Issues of Good Governance Continued
 Corruption
 Poor Fiscal Administration
 Inefficient Economic Management
 Expenditure Mismanagement

13. Policies to be implemented for Good
Governance
 Balance between the institutions
 Good relations between the centre and the federation units
 Equal distribution of resources
 Equal justice
 Reforms in Fiscal policies
 Reforms in Economic policies
 Expenditures should be cut down

14. Policies Continued
 Accountability from the top
 Establishment of anti-corruption courts
 Exclusive corruption courts
 Enact legislation to improve accountability.
 Independent private sector auditors
 Diagnosing corrupt systems by people
 Implementation of core institutional reforms and repairing of
corruption courts
 Freedom of media

15. Conclusion
 The government should not expand in the scale of
government activity, but an increase in its
effectiveness and a major reallocation of its
resources
 Failure to establish a framework of law and
government behavior conduce to development

16. Economic Crisis can be traced by following
Reforms
Political stability
Stable macroeconomic environment
The outward-looking trade strategies as opposed to the
protectionist strategies
The quality of primary education
Effective land reforms

17. Economic Crisis can be traced by following
reforms
 Credit reforms
 A merit based, efficient and competent bureaucracy
 Well-functioning institutions
 Identification and development of core areas of comparative
advantage

18. Solutions
 Pakistan needs to redirect its priorities
 Invest in basic human needs
 Government must ensure equity and social justice
 Provide a major stimulus to economic growth