This document discusses the benefits of establishing community goat farms as an alternative to large-scale cattle farming. It argues that goat farming is more resilient in the face of threats like drought and disease outbreaks. The document proposes a multi-step process for Albuquerque to implement community goat farms, including identifying suitable land areas through city planning, adjusting zoning codes to allow for small livestock, educating residents on goat raising, and promoting goat products and community farms.
Production challenges and socio economic impact of dairy goat farming amongst...Alexander Decker
The document discusses the production challenges and socio-economic impact of dairy goat farming amongst smallholder farmers in Kenya. It finds that most smallholder dairy goat farmers are women, many of whom are widows, and they depend entirely on family labor. Milk production levels range from half a liter to ten liters per day on average. Access to land, water, and feed are major challenges. While dairy goats provide income and food, small land sizes limit fodder production. Water sources are also limited and seasonal. There is a need for farmer training in areas like feeding, breeding, and record keeping to improve productivity and support livelihoods.
Challenges in goat farming in india - Goat Farming ConsultancyIbne Ali
- India has the largest population of goats in the world at approximately 160 million. Goat farming provides supplementary income to 70 million farmers in over 500,000 remote villages.
- Goat meat and milk production in India has increased in the last decade. India is the largest producer of goat milk and second largest producer of goat meat globally.
- The goat sector contributes 8.4% to India's livestock GDP, or 38,590 crores, through products like meat, milk, skin, manure, and others. Goats contribute approximately Rs. 40,000 crores to the Indian economy.
This document outlines a goat value chain development project in India that aims to empower rural women. The project forms goat keepers' groups, trains women on sustainable goat husbandry practices, and provides elite male goats, microfinance, and veterinary services. The project addresses challenges facing goat farming like low incomes and disease, and promotes genetic improvement, improved nutrition, and market linkages. The goals are to increase goat production and farmers' incomes, empower vulnerable groups, and provide a model for wider replication.
Goat milk has several advantages over cow milk such as being more compatible and nourishing for people with cow milk allergies. It is also non-mucus forming and helps neutralize mucus. Goat milk is similar to human breast milk in composition and contains healing enzymes and a superior form of calcium. Keeping accurate farm records is important for sheep and goat farms for management, performance evaluation, genetic selection, and health purposes. Developing countries contain the majority of the world's small ruminant populations and production.
This presentation offers strategies for making money raising sheep and goats. It was prepared by University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist Susan Schoenian.
There are many advantages of goat farming business. You can also raise goats along with your other livestock animals. Goats have been considered as poor man’s cow (mini cow) for the poor people because of it’s immense contribution in rural economy and national income. Goat products like milk and meat is not only nutritious and easily digestible food but also a great source of regular income for the poor, landless and marginal farmers. As goats are small sized animal , so they are easily maintained. Even they are easily maintained and cared by women and children.
For successful goat farming business, you need to do some common tasks such as feeding, milking and caring. These simple tasks do not require much equipment, capital, labour or hard work. The main advantages of starting goat farming business are described below.For starting and maintaining a profitable and successful business, you must have to make a proper and effective goat farming business plan and go according to the plan. Here we are shortly describing the necessary steps for starting goat farming business.
An Illustrated Guide to Sheep and Goat Production (Hmong language version)Gardening
This document provides an illustrated guide to sheep and goat production. It covers selection of stock, feeding and pasture management, breeding, young stock care, health issues, equipment needs, handling techniques, and marketing options. The guide emphasizes the importance of starting with healthy animals, providing a diverse, high-quality diet and rotational grazing, maintaining animal health, and determining the best market outlets.
1. The document discusses starting a goat farm in India to take advantage of the growing demand for goat meat. It highlights the increasing prices and lack of supply as an opportunity.
2. It describes the stall-fed method as the most practical for a commercial goat farm operation, allowing control over feeding, breeding, and disease prevention.
3. The economics section projects revenues from meat, fiber, and manure sales starting at over 500,000 rupees in year two and over 1,000,000 rupees in years three and five, with net profits over 300,000 rupees each year after five years.
Production challenges and socio economic impact of dairy goat farming amongst...Alexander Decker
The document discusses the production challenges and socio-economic impact of dairy goat farming amongst smallholder farmers in Kenya. It finds that most smallholder dairy goat farmers are women, many of whom are widows, and they depend entirely on family labor. Milk production levels range from half a liter to ten liters per day on average. Access to land, water, and feed are major challenges. While dairy goats provide income and food, small land sizes limit fodder production. Water sources are also limited and seasonal. There is a need for farmer training in areas like feeding, breeding, and record keeping to improve productivity and support livelihoods.
Challenges in goat farming in india - Goat Farming ConsultancyIbne Ali
- India has the largest population of goats in the world at approximately 160 million. Goat farming provides supplementary income to 70 million farmers in over 500,000 remote villages.
- Goat meat and milk production in India has increased in the last decade. India is the largest producer of goat milk and second largest producer of goat meat globally.
- The goat sector contributes 8.4% to India's livestock GDP, or 38,590 crores, through products like meat, milk, skin, manure, and others. Goats contribute approximately Rs. 40,000 crores to the Indian economy.
This document outlines a goat value chain development project in India that aims to empower rural women. The project forms goat keepers' groups, trains women on sustainable goat husbandry practices, and provides elite male goats, microfinance, and veterinary services. The project addresses challenges facing goat farming like low incomes and disease, and promotes genetic improvement, improved nutrition, and market linkages. The goals are to increase goat production and farmers' incomes, empower vulnerable groups, and provide a model for wider replication.
Goat milk has several advantages over cow milk such as being more compatible and nourishing for people with cow milk allergies. It is also non-mucus forming and helps neutralize mucus. Goat milk is similar to human breast milk in composition and contains healing enzymes and a superior form of calcium. Keeping accurate farm records is important for sheep and goat farms for management, performance evaluation, genetic selection, and health purposes. Developing countries contain the majority of the world's small ruminant populations and production.
This presentation offers strategies for making money raising sheep and goats. It was prepared by University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist Susan Schoenian.
There are many advantages of goat farming business. You can also raise goats along with your other livestock animals. Goats have been considered as poor man’s cow (mini cow) for the poor people because of it’s immense contribution in rural economy and national income. Goat products like milk and meat is not only nutritious and easily digestible food but also a great source of regular income for the poor, landless and marginal farmers. As goats are small sized animal , so they are easily maintained. Even they are easily maintained and cared by women and children.
For successful goat farming business, you need to do some common tasks such as feeding, milking and caring. These simple tasks do not require much equipment, capital, labour or hard work. The main advantages of starting goat farming business are described below.For starting and maintaining a profitable and successful business, you must have to make a proper and effective goat farming business plan and go according to the plan. Here we are shortly describing the necessary steps for starting goat farming business.
An Illustrated Guide to Sheep and Goat Production (Hmong language version)Gardening
This document provides an illustrated guide to sheep and goat production. It covers selection of stock, feeding and pasture management, breeding, young stock care, health issues, equipment needs, handling techniques, and marketing options. The guide emphasizes the importance of starting with healthy animals, providing a diverse, high-quality diet and rotational grazing, maintaining animal health, and determining the best market outlets.
1. The document discusses starting a goat farm in India to take advantage of the growing demand for goat meat. It highlights the increasing prices and lack of supply as an opportunity.
2. It describes the stall-fed method as the most practical for a commercial goat farm operation, allowing control over feeding, breeding, and disease prevention.
3. The economics section projects revenues from meat, fiber, and manure sales starting at over 500,000 rupees in year two and over 1,000,000 rupees in years three and five, with net profits over 300,000 rupees each year after five years.
This document provides an overview of marketing options for sheep and goat products. It discusses marketing meat from sheep and goats of different ages, as well as fiber, dairy products, skins, and vegetation control services. Regulations for slaughter and sales are outlined for federal, state, and exempt processing. Various marketing channels are described including auctions, brokers, cooperatives, and direct sales. Certification and labeling options are also summarized.
This document discusses goat production and management. It begins by listing the objectives of identifying goat parts, breeds, and demonstrating health and sanitation skills. It then describes the digestive system of goats and lists the main goat breeds found in the Philippines - Philippine, Dadiangas, Anglo-Nubian, Boer, Saanen, Toggenburg, and Alpine. It discusses the importance of goat farming for products like milk, meat, and fiber. It also covers biosecurity practices and disease prevention to maintain a healthy goat herd.
This document discusses the growth of ethnic populations in the United States and its implications for the sheep and goat industries. It notes that the Muslim, Hispanic, and Asian populations are growing rapidly as percentages of the total population and that these groups favor lamb and goat meat. This growth provides opportunities for expanded markets for sheep and goat producers if they understand the preferences and traditions of these ethnic groups. The document advocates that producers market directly to ethnic communities through halal or live animal sales to take advantage of growing demand from a diversifying American population.
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business ...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Farm Animals to Raise
Cow, Sheep, Pig, Goat, Buffalo, Rabbit, Poultry, Dairy Farming, Cattle Rearing, Cattle Breeding Farm, Cattle & Poultry Feed, Fodder
Livestock farming, raising of animals for use or for pleasure. Livestock farming is the rearing of animals for food and for other human uses. The word 'Livestock' applies primarily to cattle or dairy cows, chickens, goats, pigs, horses and sheep. Today, even animals like donkeys, mules, rabbits and insects such as bees are being raised as part of livestock farming.
Present-day livestock farming is very well planned - animals are provided with food and shelter and bred selectively. As regards shelter, animals are usually kept in enclosures. Pigs and poultry are reared intensively in indoor environments. However, indoor animal farming has often been criticized for multiple reasons - on grounds of pollution and for animal welfare reasons. Outdoor farming of livestock stands for rearing animals in bigger enclosures like ranches and fenced pastures.
See more
https://goo.gl/usrvom
https://goo.gl/oN41ge
https://goo.gl/DHt3bV
https://goo.gl/B22nrp
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Livestock Farming, Most Profitable Livestock Farming/Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farming With Care, Profile of Farms with Livestock, Livestock Farming Project, Agriculture Livestock Farms, Projects on Livestock Farming, Livestock Farming Business, Livestock Farming Business Ideas, Small Scale Livestock Farming Business, Livestock and Poultry in India, Animal Husbandry in India, Livestock Investment Opportunities in India, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Livestock Farming in India, Ways to Make Money from Livestock Farming, Profitable Animal Farming Business, Farming and Raising Livestock, Business Plan for Livestock Farming, How to Start Livestock Farming, Integrated Dairy and Goat Farming, Pig Farming Business, Poultry & Broiler Farming Business in India, Business Plan for Goat Farming for Meat and Breeding, How to Start Rabbit Farming Business, Angora Rabbit Farming, Rabbit Feed, Yarn from Wool, then manufacturing of Shawls, Sweaters, Caps, Mufflers with Dyeing & Bleaching, EMU Birds (Farming, Breeding & Meat Production), Fish Farming Business, Rumen by Pass Fat Used in Cattle Feed, Goat & Sheep Farming Project, Poultry Feed, Project on Quail Farming, Poultry Farm for Producing Eggs, Animal Feed Using Date Pits, Discarded Dates and Other Ingredients (Barley, Bran, Oats, Soyabean Meal, Molasses, Vitamin and Minerals), Production of Fish Oil (Production and Refining) with Fish Meal
The document discusses sheep farming and provides information on:
1. The advantages of sheep farming including production of wool, lambs, manure, low maintenance costs, and weed control.
2. The different breeds of sheep in India categorized by region including northern temperate, north western, and southern breeds.
3. Key aspects of sheep management such as feeding, breeding, signs of pregnancy, lambing, and raising lambs.
4. Common practices on sheep farms including castration, docking, marking, and parasite treatment of lambs.
Starts with Organic farming and tells how Desi cow is integral to organic farming. Also shows different types or breeds of Desi Cows and their relevance in day-to-day life.
Animal breeding for reduced poverty and improved food security in developing ...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall at the John Vercoe Memorial Lecture on the Association for Animal Breeding and Genetics (AAABG) Conference, Australia, 28-30 September 2015
This document summarizes rice-wheat-moong crop rotation and piggery farming practices in India. It discusses the cultivation of rice, wheat, and moong crops common among small and marginal farmers. Details are provided on sowing, harvesting seasons, yields and costs. Piggery farming is also described as a profitable business. Key points covered include housing and feeding practices for pigs, breeding cycles, and costs and profits from rearing 100 pigs over 6 months, which amounts to a total profit of Rs. 294,200. The annual income generated from rice-wheat-moong rotation is estimated to be Rs. 80,483.
The document provides an overview of sustainable goat production, covering feeding, health, and pasture management. Goats are ruminants that thrive on pasture, utilizing brush and vegetation inaccessible to cattle. Integrating goats into grazing systems improves land quality and income. Proper fencing and rotational grazing are necessary to prevent overgrazing and allow forage regrowth. Management intensive grazing maximizes forage quality and grazing capacity.
- The document provides information on a rabbit farming development program for smallholder farmers in South Africa. It notes that smallholder farmers currently face many challenges including poor resources, limited access to markets, infrastructure and skills.
- The program aims to demonstrate that rabbit farming provides a commercially sustainable food security strategy for smallholder farmers. Rabbits have a short 31 day gestation period and does can be re-bred 7 days after birth, providing a regular income stream. A single rabbit can produce 60 market-ready kits annually that sell for over R3,900 total. The program aims to establish 500 breeding rabbit farms that can generate over R1.5 million in annual income while using limited land.
Sustainable animal husbandry practices for Kerala_ Dr Prem Jain (The Kerala E...India Water Portal
This presentation by Dr Prem Jain, Deputy Director, Animal Husbandry Department, Kerala provided information on sustainable animal husbandary practices relevant for Kerala
This document provides an overview of sheep and goat production from Susan Schoenian, a sheep and goat specialist. It discusses the history of farms in the 1940s which were more diversified versus modern specialized farms. It outlines factors to consider for farm planning like goals, location, resources. It also describes complementary relationships between farm enterprises and different marketing options for meat, fiber, and dairy from sheep and goats. The document provides details on grazing land needs, winter feeding, facilities, fencing, predator control and more for sheep and goat operations.
Goat Rearing & Breeding Business. Raising Goat for Milk and Meat Production. Commercial Goat Farming Project
Rearing goats is a profitable business. Goat has been rearing since the time immemorial. Generally goat farming means rearing goats for the purpose of harvesting milk, meat and fiber.
Goat Rearing
Goat rearing is very popular because they are very important and valuable domestic animal. They are one of the oldest domesticated animal species. The farm goat of present time, first domesticated from the southwest Asian and eastern European wild goats. Goat is a member of Bovidae family and both goat and sheep are of Caprinae subfamily. There are more than 300 goat breeds throughout the world.
Goats are generally raised for their highly production capacity of milk, meat, hair and skins. The demand of goat milk, meat, hair and skins is very high in the world market.
See more
https://goo.gl/G1RaQ4
https://goo.gl/Zc58AJ
https://goo.gl/Qn6B6M
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Goat Rearing & Breeding, Goat Farming, Goat Breeding, Commercial Goat Farming, Raising Goats, How to Start a Goat Farm, Goat Breeding and Goat Farming, Goat Farming Business, Goat Meat Production, Goat Farming Project Report, Goat Farming Cost and Profit, Goat Farming Business Plan, Raising Goats for Profit, Profitable Commercial Goat Farm, Profitable Goat Farm Business, Commercial Goat Farming Business, Starting a Goat Farming Business for Beginners, How to Start Profitable Goat Farming Business, Goat Raising, Goat Farming in India, Goat Farming Business for Beginners, How to Raise Goats to Make Money, Goat Farming for Profit, Huge Potential for Goats, Raising Goats for Profit, How to Raise Dairy Goats, Goat Farming Business for Profit, Detailed Project Report on Goat Rearing & Breeding, Project Report on Goat Rearing & Breeding, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Goat Breeding, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Goat Breeding, Feasibility report on Goat Rearing & Breeding, Free Project Profile on Goat Rearing, Project profile on Goat Rearing, Download free project profile on Goat Farming, Profitable Goat Farming Pdf, How to Start Goat Farming Business Pdf, Goat Farming Project Pdf, Goat Farming Business Plan Download, Start Your Own Goat Farm, Livestock Production, Livestock Farming Business Ideas, Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Livestock Farming, Small-scale Livestock Farming, Most Profitable Farm Animals to Raise, How to Start a Farming Business, Livestock Farming Potential, Livestock Farming and Meat Production, Meat Goat Farming Business, Raising Meat Goats, Profitable Breed for Meat Production, How to Get Started in Meat Goat Farming
The document summarizes research comparing the growth performance and carcass traits of meat goats finished in pens versus on pasture at the University of Maryland over three years (2011-2013). Key findings include:
- Pen-fed goats generally had higher average daily gains, lower parasite loads, and produced superior carcasses compared to pasture-raised goats.
- In 2011 and 2013, pen-fed goats yielded 5% more boneless, fat-free meat than pasture-raised goats. However, in 2012 there were no differences in carcass traits between the groups.
- Management of internal parasites, diet quality and quantity, and breed/age of goats impacted results between the
Goats as Pets.org provides information on keeping a small holding of goats. The site discusses the benefits to the owner such as the supply of milk and meat, and outlines the things to consider when obtaining goat food, appropriate housing and provides more general information on their health and welfare. The site also considers the various goat breeds and which are most suitable for your requirements. The site links to Wendy Hargreaves ebook, ‘Guide To Keeping Goats’, which is available as an electronic download and is suitable for anyone looking for further information on keeping goats.
This document provides information on various topics related to integrating sheep and goats into farm operations, including:
- Historical contexts of diversified family farms versus more specialized modern conventional farms.
- Factors to consider when selecting farm enterprises like personal goals, resources, markets.
- Relationships between enterprises can be complementary, competitive, or supplementary.
- Examples of how sheep and goats can utilize unused resources or provide outputs for other enterprises.
- Main products from sheep and goats include meat, fiber, milk, and land management.
- Marketing options including commodity sales and direct marketing.
- Infrastructure and management considerations for sheep and goat operations.
Goat care and management depends on factors like age, health, nutrition, and facilities. Young kids have very different needs than mature goats. Goats are bred for milk, meat, fiber, and other purposes. Worldwide there are over 460 million goats producing milk and meat. Housing can be confinement or pasture systems. Feeding requires energy, protein, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water. Newborn kids need colostrum. Proper health, breeding, and disease prevention are also important for goat management.
This document summarizes a course on small ruminant management taught by Prof. E.E. Ndemanisho at Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro, Tanzania. The key points are:
1) The course covers the management of small ruminants like goats and sheep. These animals are well-suited for grazing in arid areas and an important source of meat, milk, and other products worldwide.
2) While goats and sheep are closely related, they differ in aspects like production potential and behavior. The document will treat them separately to avoid confusion.
3) Small ruminants represent an underutilized resource in developing countries. Increased research and
"More and more people are choosing goat milk as opposed to cow milk. As such, people are finding it necessary to get into the goat farming business on as large a scale as most dairy cow farmers..."
For more information about goat and sheep farming: http://www.scrdairy.com/milking-intelligence/ship-and-goat-opi-flow-system.html
There are 25 breeds of goats in Pakistan, 9 of which are used for milk production. The Beetal breed is dominant as it can be used for both meat and milk. It is concentrated in Sindh and Punjab provinces. Other major breeds include the Chappar for meat in Sindh, Kamori for milk and meat in Sindh, and Dera Din Panah as a famous dairy breed in Punjab. Each breed has distinct geographic concentrations and characteristics such as weight and milk yield.
This document provides an overview of marketing options for sheep and goat products. It discusses marketing meat from sheep and goats of different ages, as well as fiber, dairy products, skins, and vegetation control services. Regulations for slaughter and sales are outlined for federal, state, and exempt processing. Various marketing channels are described including auctions, brokers, cooperatives, and direct sales. Certification and labeling options are also summarized.
This document discusses goat production and management. It begins by listing the objectives of identifying goat parts, breeds, and demonstrating health and sanitation skills. It then describes the digestive system of goats and lists the main goat breeds found in the Philippines - Philippine, Dadiangas, Anglo-Nubian, Boer, Saanen, Toggenburg, and Alpine. It discusses the importance of goat farming for products like milk, meat, and fiber. It also covers biosecurity practices and disease prevention to maintain a healthy goat herd.
This document discusses the growth of ethnic populations in the United States and its implications for the sheep and goat industries. It notes that the Muslim, Hispanic, and Asian populations are growing rapidly as percentages of the total population and that these groups favor lamb and goat meat. This growth provides opportunities for expanded markets for sheep and goat producers if they understand the preferences and traditions of these ethnic groups. The document advocates that producers market directly to ethnic communities through halal or live animal sales to take advantage of growing demand from a diversifying American population.
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business ...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Most Profitable Livestock Farming, Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Farm Animals to Raise
Cow, Sheep, Pig, Goat, Buffalo, Rabbit, Poultry, Dairy Farming, Cattle Rearing, Cattle Breeding Farm, Cattle & Poultry Feed, Fodder
Livestock farming, raising of animals for use or for pleasure. Livestock farming is the rearing of animals for food and for other human uses. The word 'Livestock' applies primarily to cattle or dairy cows, chickens, goats, pigs, horses and sheep. Today, even animals like donkeys, mules, rabbits and insects such as bees are being raised as part of livestock farming.
Present-day livestock farming is very well planned - animals are provided with food and shelter and bred selectively. As regards shelter, animals are usually kept in enclosures. Pigs and poultry are reared intensively in indoor environments. However, indoor animal farming has often been criticized for multiple reasons - on grounds of pollution and for animal welfare reasons. Outdoor farming of livestock stands for rearing animals in bigger enclosures like ranches and fenced pastures.
See more
https://goo.gl/usrvom
https://goo.gl/oN41ge
https://goo.gl/DHt3bV
https://goo.gl/B22nrp
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Livestock Farming, Most Profitable Livestock Farming/Animal Husbandry, Livestock Farming With Care, Profile of Farms with Livestock, Livestock Farming Project, Agriculture Livestock Farms, Projects on Livestock Farming, Livestock Farming Business, Livestock Farming Business Ideas, Small Scale Livestock Farming Business, Livestock and Poultry in India, Animal Husbandry in India, Livestock Investment Opportunities in India, Livestock Farm Business Ideas, Livestock Farming in India, Ways to Make Money from Livestock Farming, Profitable Animal Farming Business, Farming and Raising Livestock, Business Plan for Livestock Farming, How to Start Livestock Farming, Integrated Dairy and Goat Farming, Pig Farming Business, Poultry & Broiler Farming Business in India, Business Plan for Goat Farming for Meat and Breeding, How to Start Rabbit Farming Business, Angora Rabbit Farming, Rabbit Feed, Yarn from Wool, then manufacturing of Shawls, Sweaters, Caps, Mufflers with Dyeing & Bleaching, EMU Birds (Farming, Breeding & Meat Production), Fish Farming Business, Rumen by Pass Fat Used in Cattle Feed, Goat & Sheep Farming Project, Poultry Feed, Project on Quail Farming, Poultry Farm for Producing Eggs, Animal Feed Using Date Pits, Discarded Dates and Other Ingredients (Barley, Bran, Oats, Soyabean Meal, Molasses, Vitamin and Minerals), Production of Fish Oil (Production and Refining) with Fish Meal
The document discusses sheep farming and provides information on:
1. The advantages of sheep farming including production of wool, lambs, manure, low maintenance costs, and weed control.
2. The different breeds of sheep in India categorized by region including northern temperate, north western, and southern breeds.
3. Key aspects of sheep management such as feeding, breeding, signs of pregnancy, lambing, and raising lambs.
4. Common practices on sheep farms including castration, docking, marking, and parasite treatment of lambs.
Starts with Organic farming and tells how Desi cow is integral to organic farming. Also shows different types or breeds of Desi Cows and their relevance in day-to-day life.
Animal breeding for reduced poverty and improved food security in developing ...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall at the John Vercoe Memorial Lecture on the Association for Animal Breeding and Genetics (AAABG) Conference, Australia, 28-30 September 2015
This document summarizes rice-wheat-moong crop rotation and piggery farming practices in India. It discusses the cultivation of rice, wheat, and moong crops common among small and marginal farmers. Details are provided on sowing, harvesting seasons, yields and costs. Piggery farming is also described as a profitable business. Key points covered include housing and feeding practices for pigs, breeding cycles, and costs and profits from rearing 100 pigs over 6 months, which amounts to a total profit of Rs. 294,200. The annual income generated from rice-wheat-moong rotation is estimated to be Rs. 80,483.
The document provides an overview of sustainable goat production, covering feeding, health, and pasture management. Goats are ruminants that thrive on pasture, utilizing brush and vegetation inaccessible to cattle. Integrating goats into grazing systems improves land quality and income. Proper fencing and rotational grazing are necessary to prevent overgrazing and allow forage regrowth. Management intensive grazing maximizes forage quality and grazing capacity.
- The document provides information on a rabbit farming development program for smallholder farmers in South Africa. It notes that smallholder farmers currently face many challenges including poor resources, limited access to markets, infrastructure and skills.
- The program aims to demonstrate that rabbit farming provides a commercially sustainable food security strategy for smallholder farmers. Rabbits have a short 31 day gestation period and does can be re-bred 7 days after birth, providing a regular income stream. A single rabbit can produce 60 market-ready kits annually that sell for over R3,900 total. The program aims to establish 500 breeding rabbit farms that can generate over R1.5 million in annual income while using limited land.
Sustainable animal husbandry practices for Kerala_ Dr Prem Jain (The Kerala E...India Water Portal
This presentation by Dr Prem Jain, Deputy Director, Animal Husbandry Department, Kerala provided information on sustainable animal husbandary practices relevant for Kerala
This document provides an overview of sheep and goat production from Susan Schoenian, a sheep and goat specialist. It discusses the history of farms in the 1940s which were more diversified versus modern specialized farms. It outlines factors to consider for farm planning like goals, location, resources. It also describes complementary relationships between farm enterprises and different marketing options for meat, fiber, and dairy from sheep and goats. The document provides details on grazing land needs, winter feeding, facilities, fencing, predator control and more for sheep and goat operations.
Goat Rearing & Breeding Business. Raising Goat for Milk and Meat Production. Commercial Goat Farming Project
Rearing goats is a profitable business. Goat has been rearing since the time immemorial. Generally goat farming means rearing goats for the purpose of harvesting milk, meat and fiber.
Goat Rearing
Goat rearing is very popular because they are very important and valuable domestic animal. They are one of the oldest domesticated animal species. The farm goat of present time, first domesticated from the southwest Asian and eastern European wild goats. Goat is a member of Bovidae family and both goat and sheep are of Caprinae subfamily. There are more than 300 goat breeds throughout the world.
Goats are generally raised for their highly production capacity of milk, meat, hair and skins. The demand of goat milk, meat, hair and skins is very high in the world market.
See more
https://goo.gl/G1RaQ4
https://goo.gl/Zc58AJ
https://goo.gl/Qn6B6M
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
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The document summarizes research comparing the growth performance and carcass traits of meat goats finished in pens versus on pasture at the University of Maryland over three years (2011-2013). Key findings include:
- Pen-fed goats generally had higher average daily gains, lower parasite loads, and produced superior carcasses compared to pasture-raised goats.
- In 2011 and 2013, pen-fed goats yielded 5% more boneless, fat-free meat than pasture-raised goats. However, in 2012 there were no differences in carcass traits between the groups.
- Management of internal parasites, diet quality and quantity, and breed/age of goats impacted results between the
Goats as Pets.org provides information on keeping a small holding of goats. The site discusses the benefits to the owner such as the supply of milk and meat, and outlines the things to consider when obtaining goat food, appropriate housing and provides more general information on their health and welfare. The site also considers the various goat breeds and which are most suitable for your requirements. The site links to Wendy Hargreaves ebook, ‘Guide To Keeping Goats’, which is available as an electronic download and is suitable for anyone looking for further information on keeping goats.
This document provides information on various topics related to integrating sheep and goats into farm operations, including:
- Historical contexts of diversified family farms versus more specialized modern conventional farms.
- Factors to consider when selecting farm enterprises like personal goals, resources, markets.
- Relationships between enterprises can be complementary, competitive, or supplementary.
- Examples of how sheep and goats can utilize unused resources or provide outputs for other enterprises.
- Main products from sheep and goats include meat, fiber, milk, and land management.
- Marketing options including commodity sales and direct marketing.
- Infrastructure and management considerations for sheep and goat operations.
Goat care and management depends on factors like age, health, nutrition, and facilities. Young kids have very different needs than mature goats. Goats are bred for milk, meat, fiber, and other purposes. Worldwide there are over 460 million goats producing milk and meat. Housing can be confinement or pasture systems. Feeding requires energy, protein, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water. Newborn kids need colostrum. Proper health, breeding, and disease prevention are also important for goat management.
This document summarizes a course on small ruminant management taught by Prof. E.E. Ndemanisho at Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro, Tanzania. The key points are:
1) The course covers the management of small ruminants like goats and sheep. These animals are well-suited for grazing in arid areas and an important source of meat, milk, and other products worldwide.
2) While goats and sheep are closely related, they differ in aspects like production potential and behavior. The document will treat them separately to avoid confusion.
3) Small ruminants represent an underutilized resource in developing countries. Increased research and
"More and more people are choosing goat milk as opposed to cow milk. As such, people are finding it necessary to get into the goat farming business on as large a scale as most dairy cow farmers..."
For more information about goat and sheep farming: http://www.scrdairy.com/milking-intelligence/ship-and-goat-opi-flow-system.html
There are 25 breeds of goats in Pakistan, 9 of which are used for milk production. The Beetal breed is dominant as it can be used for both meat and milk. It is concentrated in Sindh and Punjab provinces. Other major breeds include the Chappar for meat in Sindh, Kamori for milk and meat in Sindh, and Dera Din Panah as a famous dairy breed in Punjab. Each breed has distinct geographic concentrations and characteristics such as weight and milk yield.
This document discusses the benefits of goat farming in Pakistan. It notes that goats are cheaper to purchase and maintain than cattle, reproduce more quickly, and can survive on lower quality food. Goat farming also allows the simultaneous production of meat, milk, skin, and fiber. The document further outlines that goat farming requires less labor and space than cattle farming, has high market demand, and is well-suited for women and children to manage.
Goat farming business is not a new enterprise. Rearing goats is a profitable business. Goat has been rearing since the time immemorial. Generally goat farming means rearing goats for the purpose of harvesting milk, meat and fiber. At present, goat farming has become a profitable business and it requires a very low investment because of its multi-functional utility. Commercial goat farming business is contributing greatly to the economy and nutrition of a country.There are many advantages of goat farming business. You can also raise goats along with your other livestock animals. Goats have been considered as poor man’s cow (mini cow) for the poor people because of it’s immense contribution in rural economy and national income. Goat products like milk and meat is not only nutritious and easily digestible food but also a great source of regular income for the poor, landless and marginal farmers. As goats are small sized animal , so they are easily maintained. Even they are easily maintained and cared by women and children. For successful goat farming business, you need to do some common tasks such as feeding, milking and caring. These simple tasks do not require much equipment, capital, labor or hard work.
The term anatomy refers to the science that deals with the form and structure of animals. Physiology deals with the study of functions of the body or any of its parts. A thorough knowledge of the structure of an animal imparts a lot of information about the various functions it is capable of performing.
The course may be used as an introductory course to further studies; to assist you in recognising the normal, in order to determine the abnormal; to help you understand how to diagnose disease or determine if an animal has sustained an injury; to help understand the physical capabilities or limitations of particular species; to understand what happens in the nutrition and growth processes; and to assist you to get better performance from your animals.
Few things are as interwoven with human existence and culture as food. At the most basic
level, we need it to survive. Beyond sustenance, food can bring joy and takes a central place
in cultures around the world, often as the centrepiece of celebrations and festivities.
The current food system has supported a fast-growing population and fuelled
economic development and urbanisation. Yet, these productivity gains have come at
a cost, and the model is no longer fit to meet longer term needs. Shifting to a circular
economy for food presents an attractive model with huge economic, health, and
environmental benefits across the food value chain and society more broadly.
THE LINEAR FOOD SYSTEM IS
RIPE FOR DISRUPTION
There are well-known drawbacks related to
our consumption of food, including the twin
scourges of hunger and obesity. Less wellknown is the extent of the negative impacts of
current food production methods. Overall, for
every dollar spent on food, society pays two
dollars in health, environmental, and economic
costs. Half these costs – totalling USD 5.7 trillion
each year globally – are due to the way food is
produced.
The cattle industry in Texas is facing challenges due to shifting consumer interests and concerns about the environment and animal welfare. While selective breeding has created more profitable cattle, methane emissions from cattle are a problem. Producers are working to reduce methane through more efficient diets. There are also efforts to improve animal welfare conditions. However, economic declines from high feed costs and lower demand have hurt the industry, threatening jobs and state revenues. The future of the cattle industry in Texas remains uncertain.
Animal Agriculture In Developing CountriesMarkTapper
The document discusses the benefits of animal agriculture in developing countries. It provides livestock production allows farmers greater control over their assets by providing reproducible assets like cows that can produce multiple times. Livestock also provides farmers with transportation, employment, savings and cash. However, the increasing population is putting pressure on resources and industrialized agriculture may undermine local small farmers. There are debates around the ethical implications of different agricultural approaches.
This document discusses considerations for organic hog production. It covers the natural behaviors of hogs like nesting and farrowing, rooting, wallowing, and foraging. It also discusses housing options that allow animals to express natural behaviors like pasture farrowing and finishing systems. The document provides an overview of the USDA organic livestock standards regarding space, access to outdoors, shelter design and temporary confinement. It also discusses husbandry practices to reduce stress during handling, weaning and physical alterations.
This report summarizes the current food system serving Bristol, England. It finds that while the South West region produces a significant amount of meat, dairy, and vegetables, the UK imports 40% of its total food needs, including 90% of fruits and 60% of vegetables. In Bristol, 70% of food shopping is done at one of 70 supermarket locations, primarily owned by four major companies, compared to previously using many independent grocers and markets. The report examines production, distribution, retail, processing, waste and community food activities to assess the resilience of Bristol's food system. It identifies strengths like local meat and dairy production but also vulnerabilities such as dependence on imports and the decline of wholesale and local markets.
This document discusses the impact of current agricultural practices on public health. It provides an overview of the connections between agriculture policy and public health issues, and examines opportunities for public health professionals to influence policy and practices. Specific topics covered include the history of agricultural development in the US and Kansas, current farm policies and subsidies, major commodity crops, trade relationships, and the environmental and occupational health impacts of industrial agriculture.
The documentary film Food Inc. exposes the hidden practices of America's food industry. It shows how a handful of large corporations prioritize profits over consumer health, worker safety, and the environment. Through undercover investigations, the film reveals how these companies' practices negatively impact public health by overusing antibiotics in animal feed and contaminating water supplies. It also discusses the sustainability challenges of industrial agriculture, promoting more humane, environmentally-friendly alternatives that don't compromise food or ecosystem safety.
This document discusses the issues with the current global food system. It describes how fast food and factory farming have transformed farming practices and the food system. It also discusses the unintended consequences of this system, including food contamination issues. Additionally, it examines the role of government subsidies in influencing the types of crops grown and the affordability of different foods.
This document summarizes a publication about alternatives to large-scale hog production, specifically sustainable production of a smaller number of hogs sold through alternative markets. It discusses two directions for hog production - contracting with large integrators or sustainable production. The sustainable approach involves alternative niche marketing, breed selection, alternative feeds, waste management, odor control, health concerns, and humane treatment. It also discusses issues with large-scale vertical integration in the pork industry and concentration of markets.
Current Developments in AgTech Law: A Primer on Modern Agriculture TechnologiesRoger Royse
Discussion of how farming has changed, including how family farms are thriving and expanding, the expense of farm labor, consumers who care about the public cost of food and much more.
The document discusses several topics related to GMOs, BSE/mad cow disease, and ethics. It summarizes research showing that genes from genetically engineered crops can spread to weeds. It also discusses how the UK government misled the public about the BSE epidemic for years due to fears of public panic. Further, it notes that prion diseases exist in wild deer and elk in the US, as well as domestic elk farms, but infected animals are still used for food.
The document discusses the impact of human diet on sustainability. It argues that an optimal diet from a sustainability perspective is locally grown, organic, and plant-based. Such a diet reduces carbon footprint and environmental impact while supporting health and local economies. It notes the large role agriculture plays in economies and environmental issues like greenhouse gas emissions. Industrial agriculture relies on monocultures and heavy use of chemicals, while organic farming is better for the environment, soil health, and nutrition. Choosing local, organic, whole foods and cooking at home can significantly improve health and sustainability.
Ensuring livestock livelihoods and animal source food securityILRI
The document discusses trends in the global livestock sector and the role of smallholder producers in developing countries. It makes three key points:
1) Demand for animal-source foods will continue rising significantly in developing countries, where most production already occurs among smallholder farmers who both produce and consume locally.
2) Smallholder livestock systems present opportunities to address technical constraints around health, feed, genetics, and markets to boost production in a sustainable way that benefits livelihoods.
3) Coordinated efforts to improve smallholder and commercial systems can expand the supply of animal-source foods while transforming rural development.
This document provides an overview of Natueco farming. Some key points:
1. Natueco farming aims to imitate nature through scientific methods to strengthen farm ecology in a holistic way that addresses issues like reducing dependency on external inputs and working within available resources without harming the environment.
2. It goes beyond organic farming by taking a scientific approach of continuously learning about nature through experiments rather than just trusting nature.
3. The vision is for every farmer to prosper, consumers to be healthy, and nature to thrive, by working in harmony with natural laws through a service-oriented approach rather than commercial exploitation.
4. Young farmers are adopting it and reaping benefits like lower resource use and
Bugs Better than Beef 22-08-16 Bairnsdale Advertiser Primary Producer Page 1Shasta Claire Henry
1) An entomologist named Shasta Claire spoke at a Bairnsdale beef conference and argued that eating insects can provide comparable nutrition to meat while having a smaller environmental impact.
2) Shasta Claire said that insects are high in protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals and that their rearing requires fewer antibiotics and resources than cattle.
3) Shasta Claire also advocated for using dung beetles on farms, saying they can improve soil quality through aeration and drainage for years after being introduced through cow grazing.
Similar to Goat Farming as a Resilient Food System (17)
There is a tremendous amount of news being disseminated every day online about dangerous forever chemicals called PFAS. In this interview with a global PFAS testing expert, Geraint Williams of ALS, he and York Analytical President Michael Beckerich discuss the hot-button issues for the environmental engineering and consulting industry -- the wider range of PFAS contamination sites, new PFAS that are unregulated, and the compliance challenges ahead.
Widespread PFAS contamination requires stringent sampling and laboratory analyses by certified laboratories only -- whether it is for PFAS in soil, groundwater, wastewater or drinking water.
Contact us at York Analytical Laboratories for expert environmental testing with fast turnaround times and client service. We have 4 state-certified laboratories in Connecticut, New York and New Jersey, and 4 client service centers.
P: 800-306-YORK
E: clientservices@YorkLab.com
W: YorkLab.com
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.comNarendra Jayas
Latest OSHA 10 Test Question and Answers PDF for Construction and General Industry Exam.
Download the full set of 390 MCQ type question and answers - https://www.oyetrade.com/OSHA-10-Answers-2021.php
To Help OSHA 10 trainees to pass their pre-test and post-test we have prepared set of 390 question and answers called OSHA 10 Answers in downloadable PDF format. The OSHA 10 Answers question bank is prepared by our in-house highly experienced safety professionals and trainers. The OSHA 10 Answers document consists of 390 MCQ type question and answers updated for year 2024 exams.
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation dataSpatial Genetics
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
Trichogramma spp. is an efficient egg parasitoids that potentially assist to manage the insect-pests from the field condition by parasiting the host eggs. To mass culture this egg parasitoids effectively, we need to culture another stored grain pest- Rice Meal Moth (Corcyra Cephalonica). After rearing this pest, the eggs of Corcyra will carry the potential Trichogramma spp., which is an Hymenopteran Wasp. The detailed Methodologies of rearing both Corcyra Cephalonica and Trichogramma spp. have described on this ppt.
1. Goat Farming…A Resilient Food System
Caitlin Pace
Foodshed Resilience Assignment
November 27, 2012
SUST 434
2. ABSTRACT
Due to current climate change and increasing population, many of our food industries are
vulnerable to shock. This fact brings up the need to consider alternative food sources to sustain
our population. The goal of this paper is to suggest community farming, goat farming in
particular, as an alternative to large industry food systems, specifically the large US cattle
industry, including industrial dairy operations and beef CAFOs. This paper provides a concise,
step by step process that Albuquerque could potentially follow to move toward a more resilient,
less vulnerable, and more sustainable, community oriented goat farm system. These steps
include city planning, zoning codes for raising livestock, community education about raising
goats, promotion of other food to fill in nutritional gaps that aren’t obtained from goat meat and
milk products, and the marketing of the community farms through city cooperatives. The larger
implication is that we must become more proactive about the future of our food supply. It is
imperative that we have a sustainable plan in place before a crisis deteriorates our food supply.
3. Introduction
The United States, according to the USDA, is the world’s largest producer of beef, and there
is a growing demand for high quality grain-fed beef among the general population, however
there are threats to the cattle industry are continually increasing. In July the New York Times
reported that food prices were expected to increase due to severe drought, “now affecting 88
percent of the corn crop, a staple of processed foods and animal feed as well as the nation’s
leading farm export… The government’s forecast, based on a consumer price index for food,
estimated that prices would rise 4 to 5 percent for beef next year.” (Lowrey and Nixon, 2012)
Current farming practices, especially large agri-businesses depend largely on fossil fuels. The
massive uses of fossil fuels is explained in Agricultural Production and Energy Resources,
which states that “fuel is used off the farm to manufacture goods used for farming: natural gas
for nitrogen fertilizers, coal for steel production, and petroleum for herbicides, fungicides,
plastics, and the manufacture of machinery…and fuel is used on the farm as manufactured
products are applied” (Heichel 1976).
These large industrial farms have negative health effects on surrounding areas. Health Effects
from Breathing Air Near CAFOs for Feeder Cattle or Hogs discusses the concern of
concentrated animal feeding operations release toxic dust containing “microbial products as well
as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and a variety of volatile organic compounds” (Von Essen and
Auvermann 2005). Not only are these CAFOs a public health concern, but they also have
become a serious issue of ethics and morality.
Urban sprawl is a final trend that is negatively affecting the cattle industry. Cattle require
large grazing fields, which are rapidly being converted to subdivisions and business districts.
4. Additionally, “urbanization contributes to increased demand for animal products, possibly due to
better availability of diverse food options in urban areas” (Barrett 2001).
The goat industry in the United States is a relatively new outlook for filling in the gaps where
the cattle industry is being negatively affected. Since it is still in its beginnings in the US, this
“goat market” has a lot of freedom for harvesting new ideas. Many studies are being written on
the success of the goat market in areas such as New Zealand, as well as the innovations leading
to a growing goat market in the United States. “The total goat market in the United States is
thought to be growing at a rate of more than 10 to 15% annually…Goats are particularly
attractive to small-scale producers because the small animals do not require large tracts of land
and are easier to handle than larger livestock,” (Sande et al. 2005). Because the goat market is
still in its beginnings in the United States, there is limited information about the demand and
production of goat products; however, Houston and Epperson conclude that there appears to be
substantial room for growth in this market. Outlook on meat goat industry (Spencer 2008, Sahlu
and Goetsch 2005)
One of the main trends seen in the rise of demand goat products is that there is an increasing
population of immigrants in the United States. Immigrants from the Middle East, Southeast Asia,
and the Caribbean, who have relocated to the United States, still habitually consume goat meat,
especially for religious and cultural reasons.
The feed that a goat requires is much less than that required of a cow. Statistics from the
North Dakota State University Agriculture Communication department, suggest that a small-
medium sized cow (1,216 lbs) needs 28 pounds of dry feed daily. The goat on the other hand,
“consumes from 3.00 to 4.00 kg of dry feed per 100 kg body weight,” (Shankarnarayan et al.
5. 1985). In pounds this converts to a (220 lb) goat consuming approximately 13-17 pounds of dry
feed daily. This may vary slightly depending on the breed.
The concept of resilience in a Foodshed focuses attention on local producers and sustainable
agriculture practices. Foodshed resilience requires a break away from the large industrial sector
and a move toward a community approach to how we produce food, and maximize the adaptive
capacities of the food system. When looking at a Foodshed one must consider the degree to
which the food system being analyzed is robust, redundant, and rapid. Community resilience
“rests on both the resources themselves, and the dynamic attributes of those resources
(robustness, redundancy, and rapidity)…Robustness is the ability to withstand stress without
suffering degradation. Redundancy is the extent to which elements are substitutable in the event
of disruption or degradation. Rapidity is the capacity to achieve goals in a timely manner to
contain losses and avoid disruption” (Norris et al. 2008). The “Methods” portion of this paper
will further discuss these dynamic attributes as they relate to the goat market.
Clearly, the United States is very dependent on the cattle industry. Any shock affecting cattle
would wreak havoc on beef and dairy industries nationwide. A realistic potential shock would be
an outbreak of mad cow disease, scientifically known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy
(BSE). Mad cow disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects adult cattle causing
uncontrollable jerky movements and eventually death of the infected cow.
“The US government announced on December 3, 2003, that a Holstein dairy cow on a farm in
Mabton, Washington State, was infected with mad cow disease (bovine spongiform
encephalopathy or BSE)…The discovery of this first case of mad cow disease outbreak in the
United States reverberated across the beef and cattle industry, causing serious alarm among
6. ranchers, processors, and consumers” (Devadoss et al. 2006). A large outbreak would
completely devastate the beef industry, because only healthy cattle may be slaughtered for meat,
as it is transmittable to humans through the consumption of infected beef. Although the milk
from an infected animal is still safe to be consumed an outbreak at a dairy farm would make it
difficult if not impossible to keep the cattle still long enough to be milked. With a well
established goat market, communities would be able to cope with a threatening mad cow
outbreak.
In this paper I will further discuss the current goat market its future outlook and suggest a
resilient approach to largely implementing goat markets as a new dominant food system. The
idea I hope people will gain from this paper is that there is a window of opportunity for
implementing all sorts of community farms, and slowly move away from our reliance on mass
produced food.
Methods
In order to expand a market that is relatively in its infantry, it will be easiest to think as small as
possible. A national mass goat market is neither practical in terms of resilience nor is it
sustainable. The potential for shock is always whether it is due to climate such as drought, or
density factors such as infectious disease. Therefore, it is best to focus on small-scale farming
and food systems. This creates more redundancy, and brings up the resilience index, because a
shock to one small farm or a small region of the country won’t impact the entire system as
negatively. Albuquerque, and other cities in New Mexico, should move toward promoting and
implementing community goat farms. (Peters 2008)
The first step Albuquerque would need to take in implementing community goat farms, would
be to identify areas in the community where there is enough space for goat farming. According
7. to The Goat Source –FAQs for Goat Raisers, 12 to 15 square feet of barn space is required per
adult animal. A full barn is not necessary, but the goats do need some place to go for shelter from
wind and precipitation. Allotting at least one acre of undeveloped lots in places of urban sprawl
would be ideal locations to start a community goat farm. City planners would need to, set
mandatory guidelines for how much land should be allotted in each neighborhood for these
farms, and write these rules into the zoning ordinances. “Today’s forward-looking city planner
thinks in terms of relatively large land areas rather than in terms of building lots. His thinking
begins with the region and the city and then works down to communities, neighborhoods, and
subneighborhoods.” (Goldston and Scheuer 1959). Based on this insight into the mind of a city
planner, the idea of community goat farms needs to be approached pro-actively and the concept
needs to be in place before the land has been zoned.
The second factor that must be identified before being able to implement community goat
farms in Albuquerque would be the current zoning codes. The current code that would allow for
community goat farms would be Residential and Agricultural Zone, Semi-Urban Area (RA-1).
This code permits commercial agriculture activity, provided the lot has an area of at least one
acre. This code also states that the number of (goats or sheep) may not exceed one per 4,000
square feet. This would allow for 10 goats per acre at any given time. (Mid-Region Council of
Governments of New Mexico) The question left to answer would be if new subdivisions would
be planned to follow current zoning codes, or if new codes would be written to implement
community goat farms in existing neighborhoods that wouldn’t currently allow for them.
Now the land has been zoned for community goat farms, the next step Albuquerque would
have to take in building these farms, would be to educate the general public on how to raise
goats. Ideally, everyone in the community, whether or not they have prior experience raising
8. livestock, would have the opportunity to be involved in the community goat farm process.
Something similar to a 4-H type of organization geared toward adults. This could be a for-profit
business that evolves from the creation of community goat farms where someone who knows
how to raise the animals teaches it to others. This could also be a non- profit quid pro quo among
community members, where some people who know about raising livestock do that part of the
process, while others artisans work on the production of the cheese, milk, meat, goat milk soap
etc. 4-H has proven to be a valuable life-skills building organization for the nation’s youth
according to a study from Purdue University (Rusk et al. 2003). “In particular, the members [of
4-H organizations] are competent in sportsmanship, safety, animal grooming, and animal
selection skills,” this 4-H competency has led to better decision making skills, problem solving
skills, people skills, and increased self confidence and sportsmanship among the participating
youth. These skills are not only important for youth however, adults who participate in a 4-H
type of organization would benefit from these skills as well in their professions and social lives.
The next effort in building a successful community goat farm would be to organize trade with
other types of farmers to fill in the nutrition gaps that wouldn’t be met from goat products (dairy
and protein) alone. This could be as simple as educating the community on the makings of a well
balanced diet, and inform them that they still need to supplement what food they are getting from
the goats with fruit, vegetables, and carbohydrates. Making the participants aware of Farmers’
Markets that sell local produce would further support the move toward sustainability.
Finally, in any functional market there must be some means of profit. The most resilient way
to achieve a profit through sales of goat products would be to organize more co-ops throughout
the city, ideally one for each community goat farm. However, just getting these products into city
co-ops would be a step in the right direction, if it was too challenging to begin more co-ops. The
9. main goal of the co-op would be to eliminate the middleman: industrial grocery stores. The co-
op would be creating a brand for these goat products that becomes known around the community
for its sustainable practices, and high quality. These products would be by the people, for the
people products, where profit is staying in the community to continuously support the farm.
Successful implementation of a resilient Foodshed will require extensive foresight and
planning. The infrastructure has to be devolved, which includes city planning and potential
zoning changes. Participants need to be sold on the value of this concept. This would entail
education on both how to goat farm and how to profit from goat farming. It is recognized that
true success will only occur if efforts are made to create quid pro quo relations are built between
community members and between different communities through farmers’ markets and co-ops.
Results and Discussion
In conclusion, there is evidence that the cattle industry could be heading in the wrong
direction in terms of heath, economics and eco-friendliness, making industrial cattle farming an
unsustainable source of beef and dairy products. Despite these negative factors, the United
States’ dependence on the industry is colossal, and a shock to the industry would bring extreme
devastation.
It is important to scale down from large agri-business when thinking in terms of resilience,
and move toward small, community oriented practices. These small community projects don’t
place so much trust in the masses, but instead are dominantly city and state run programs to feed
communities.
10. The following SWOT analysis of community farming demonstrates a positive outlook and
numerous benefits, but shows there is not a lot of infrastructure and policy in place to support
expansion of community farming without extreme intervention of state and city governments.
Strengths of Community Farming
Everyone can participate
Knowing where food comes from
Building life skills through farming and
community networking that can help
you in other aspects of life.
Profits/Products stay within the
community
Building networks
Weaknesses of Community Farming
A lot of planning and policies will need
to take place to begin it.
Must have a large number of people
aware and on board.
Infrastructure is not necessarily
available in all places.
High start up cost
Opportunities for Community Farming
Can be implemented anywhere
Variety of opportunities (goats,
chickens, produce)
Scale of farm can vary based on
resources and still be successful.
Threats to Community Farming
Too much government power
Powerful current industry
Current economic situation
Resilience Index for a Community Goat Farm
Yes, Yes, Yes
Yes, Yes Rapid
Yes Yes, Yes, No
Yes Redundant Yes, No, Yes
Robust No Yes, No Rapid No, Yes, Yes
No Yes No, Yes Rapid No, Yes, No
Redundant No, No, Yes
No No, No Rapid
No, No, No
11. K= 1 Robust 0
2 Redundant 1
3 Rapid 1
Robust Redundant Rapid
K 1 2 3
k-1 0 1 2
2k-1 1 2 4
Score (0 x 1 = 0) + (1 x 2 =2) + (1 x 4 = 4) = 6
Above is a resilience index for a community goat farm. A community goat farm, or any small
scale food system is not robust because the nature of the size itself makes individual small farms
vulnerable to shock. The redundancy of community goat farms is key in the resilience index,
because the more there are within a city or other specified region, the less impact felt by
individual farms if one component were to fail. The rapidness of a community goat farm is
dependent on the buy in and participation of community members both in terms of city planners
and individual farmers. This factor makes it difficult to predict the exact resilience score, because
involvement could vary across communities.
SAFE –Sustainable Agriculture and Food Evaluation (Van
Cauwenbergh et al. 2007)
Similar to LEED certification in architecture, the concept of community farming could be
evaluated based on a SAFE certification scale. Some of categories that could be considered for
evaluation of a community farm may look something like this:
12. SAFE Category Comparable LEED Category
Undeveloped Land
OR
Areas of a Town in need of
Revitalization
Sustainable Sites
Water Availability Water Efficiency
Materials and Resources Materials and Resources
Fossil Fuel Dependency Indoor Environmental Quality
For Sustainable Sites the SAFE category in evaluation of a community goat farm would be
undeveloped land or areas of town that need revitalization, since a successful community goat
farm must be incorporated into a city plan for zoning purposes. For Water Efficiency the SAFE
category is Water Availability, because SAFE is applied to livestock systems as well as produce
systems, the type of product being produced is dependent on water resources. Materials and
resources can be evaluated the same, looking at where the materials of a barn or shed of a
community farm come from. Are they recycled materials? Are they cheap or expensive to
access? Finally Fossil Fuel Dependency could be comparable to Indoor Environmental Quality,
because it relates to public health. In terms of a community goat farm fossil fuel dependency is
much less than that of a large cattle industry.
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