G6PDD is an inherited genetic disorder in the red blood cell enzyme known as G6PD. The effects of this disease are preventable by avoiding the triggers.
Discussion regarding Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and the genetics involved in inheritance of disease. The possible treatment options and mutations identified so far has also been discussed.
Discussion regarding Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and the genetics involved in inheritance of disease. The possible treatment options and mutations identified so far has also been discussed.
UAEU - CMHS - Hematology-Oncology Course - MMH 302 - HONC 320. Education material for medical students - It cover basic principles of hematology and oncology, including CAR-T and gene editing. It can be used for study and review. It illustrates main principles of hematology and oncology.
Information about megaloblastic anemia and it's etiology and its classification.
Vitmain b12 deficiencies
Folic acid deficiencies
Signs and symptoms of megaloblastic anemia
Neural tube defects
This a series of notes on hematology useful for undergraduate and postgraduate medical and paramedical students. Notes are prepared from standard texts and are easy to reproduce in exams.
A presentation made about Sickle cell disease by Yara Mostafa, Yasser Osama, Yaser Mostafa ,Ain shams university, Medicine faculty, first year students.
UAEU - CMHS - Hematology-Oncology Course - MMH 302 - HONC 320. Education material for medical students - It cover basic principles of hematology and oncology, including CAR-T and gene editing. It can be used for study and review. It illustrates main principles of hematology and oncology.
Information about megaloblastic anemia and it's etiology and its classification.
Vitmain b12 deficiencies
Folic acid deficiencies
Signs and symptoms of megaloblastic anemia
Neural tube defects
This a series of notes on hematology useful for undergraduate and postgraduate medical and paramedical students. Notes are prepared from standard texts and are easy to reproduce in exams.
A presentation made about Sickle cell disease by Yara Mostafa, Yasser Osama, Yaser Mostafa ,Ain shams university, Medicine faculty, first year students.
Lassa fever aka Lassa hemorrhagic fever is caused by lassa virus and is a Zoonotic disease. It is epidemic in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
Limiting direct contact between humans and rodents can help prevent this disease.
Coronavirus is the largest known RNA virus responsible for a range of respiratory illnesses in man. 7 Known coronaviruses have been identified with 4 causing mild infections and 3 severe diseases. The severe diseases are SARS, MERS and COVID-19
There is presently an ongoing epidemic of the disease in China which has gradually spread across the continent.
Tractions in orthopaedics by Dr O.O. AfuyeAlade Olubunmi
Traction is an act of drawing or exerting a pulling force on bones or other tissues to offer realignment. It is very important in the management of fractures in other to prevent unwanted complications.
Cast and immobilization techniques in orthopaedics by Dr O.O. AfuyeAlade Olubunmi
Cast, similar in function to splints are used to immobilize broken bones. The principles of its application and cast care most be followed for effectiveness.
Antibiotics are used against a wide range of pathogens and are very important in preventing and treating infections. The use of appropriate choice of antibiotics, dose and enforcing compliance is important in patient's care and preventing drug resistance.
Obesity in pregnancy is now rampant and bringing about concern because of the associated morbidity and mortality both to the mother and child. All hands must be on deck to prevent and manage this condition and associated sequel.
Neonatal tetanus by Dr Afuye Olubunmi OlusolaAlade Olubunmi
Neonatal tetanus is an infectious disease caused by contamination of wounds from the bacteria Clostridium tetani, or the spores they produce that live in the soil, and animal faeces.
Hirchsprung’s disease by Dr Afuye Olubunmi OlusolaAlade Olubunmi
In Hirchsprung's disease, Absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexus
Upstream bowel becomes dilated secondary to functional obstruction.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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Hot Selling Organic intermediates
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
3. Introduction
• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency {G6PDD}
• G6PDD is an inherited disorder caused by a genetic defect in the red
blood cell (RBC) enzyme G6PD, which generates NADPH and protects
RBCs from oxidative injury.
• G6PDD is characterized by haemolytic anaemia caused by inability to
detoxify oxidized agents
• Inborn error of metabolism
• X-linked Recessive inheritance
4.
5.
6. History
• In 20th century, Favism was observed
• In 1956 – haemolytic anaemia developed in patients triggered by
antimalarial drug primaquine with very low amounts of G6PD activity
in their red blood cells (similar to that seen in fava beans ingestion or
inhalation of the plant’s pollen)
7. Epidemiology
• Most common enzymatic deficiency of RBCs
• Most common in males
• 7.5% of the world population deficient (400 million)
• 1 in 10 African American Males in US
• 35% prevalence in some areas in Africa
• Protective against malaria
• May cause : Haemolytic anaemia
• Neonatal Hyperbilirubinaemia
8.
9. Risk Factors
• Male sex
• Race
• Family History
• Consumption of substances the cause oxidative stress
10. Pathophysiology
• Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Affectation
• NADPH is necessary to prevent
RBC damage from Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS)
• i.e. Dec NADPH -----INC. ROS
11.
12. Classification
• Severity: Class I V
• Class 1 – ˂ 1% of normal, chronic
• Class II- ˂ 10% of normal, intermittent
G6PD Mediterranean (Severe, Caucasians)
• Class III– 10-60% Normal, intermittent
• G6PD A- (RBCs starts with normal G6PD activity but declines with
Age. Most common in Africa)
• Class IV – Wild-type
• G6PD B
• Class V- 2x normal activity
26. Prognosis
• Most individuals with G6PD deficiency do not require any treatment.
• G6PD-deficient individuals do not appear to acquire any illnesses
more frequently than other people, and may have less risk than other
people for acquiring ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular
disease.
27. Conclusion
• G6PDD
• Acute haemolytic anaemia in G6PD-deficient patients is largely
preventable by avoiding exposure to fava beans, drugs, and chemicals
that can cause oxidant stress.
• Identification and discontinuation of the precipitating agent is critical
in management of haemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency
• Proper preventive and treatment methods can avoid negative effects
of G6PDD on the quality of life and reduce morbidity and mortality,
therefore the care takers and patients must be well informed.
28. References
• Frank. J.E. (2005) Diagnosis and management of G6PD
deficiency.PubMed.gov. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16225031
• Glader. B. (2018). Diagnosis and Management of Glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/diagnosis-and-management-of-
glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-g6pd-deficiency
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Appearance-of-assay-plate-wells-for-
testing-of-G6PD-activity-from-dried-blood-spots-The_fig1_45504199
• Muzaffa. I.H. et al (2018) An Overview of the Most Common Enzyme Defect,
Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase Deficiency. The Egyptian Journal of
Hospital Medicine. 70. 102-108. http://egyptianjournal.xyz/701_18.pdf
• Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 20th Edition, Volume 2
• Wolfe L.C.(2018) G6PD Deficiency Treatment & Management. Medscape.
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/119184-treatment
