Contemporary world

1. CHAPTER 4
Global Divides:
The North and South

3. While the world is broadly
demarcated geographically
and demarcated through
continental divisions, it is
imperative to note that there
exist other delineations that
are based on other factors.
These factors or parameters
so to speak, are anchored on
developmental patterns,
wealth distribution and
emerging economic
situations.

4. Global North-South Divide

5. Global North-
South Divide
The North-South Divide
pertains to an economic
division between richer and
poorer countries.

6. Global North?

7. Global North?
generally viewed to be the more affluent
and economically stable countries

8. What countries belong
to the North?

9. The Global North generally includes:

10. The Global North generally includes:
• G8 (Group of 8) member countries:
1. Canada 2. Japan
3. France 4. Russia
5. Germany 6. UK
7. Italy 8. US

11. The Global North generally includes:
• Australia
• New Zealand
• Israel
• Hong Kong
• Macau
• Singapore
• South Korea
• Taiwan
• All of Europe

12. Global South

13. Global South
generally viewed to be
the less affluent and
economically stable
countries

14. What countries belong
to the South?

15. The Global South generally includes:

16. The Global South generally includes:
•Asia (except Japan, Hong Kong, Macau,
Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan)
•Middle East (except Israel)

17. The Global South generally includes:
•Central America
•South America
•Mexico
•Africa

18. It can be argued that the North-
South Divide goes beyond
merely geographical since not
all states that lie south of the
equator form part of the Global
South.
Hence, it is emphasized that the
North-South Divide is not a
strict geographical
categorization of the world, but
one based on economic
inequalities which happen to
have some cartographic
coherence.

19. Why are the countries in the North
considered as More Economically
Developed Countries (MEDCs)?

20. The following are the reasons:

21. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.

22. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.

23. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Aspects which may show this are the following:

24. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Aspects which may show this are the following:
• How long the country’s life expectancy is.

25. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Aspects which may show this are the following:
• How long the country’s life expectancy is.
• Education levels.

26. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Aspects which may show this are the following:
• How long the country’s life expectancy is.
• Education levels.
• If there are doctors available (medicine).

27. The following are the reasons:
• Stability in the economy and the change that is happening within it.
• Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Aspects which may show this are the following:
• How long the country’s life expectancy is.
• Education levels.
• If there are doctors available (medicine).
• How developed their technology is.

28. Better standard of living and quality of life.
• For example, the US (global north) has a life expectancy of 79 years for
women and 77 years for men.

29. Better standard of living and quality of life.
• For example, the US (global north) has a life expectancy of 79 years for
women and 77 years for men.
• However, in Somalia (global south) the life expectancy is 51 years for
women and 48 years for men.

30. Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Another example, Canada (global north) has free universal healthcare
and free secondary education, which leads to a better quality of life for
Canadians.

31. Better standard of living and quality of life.
• Another example, Canada (global north) has free universal healthcare
and free secondary education, which leads to a better quality of life for
Canadians.
• Whereas in many parts of Africa (a continent filled with global souths)
has little education and hardly no healthcare.

32. Why are countries in the South
considered as Less Economically
Developed Countries (LEDCs)?

33. The following are the reasons:

34. The following are the reasons:
• Unstable government.

35. The following are the reasons:
• Unstable government.
• Poor economy.

36. The following are the reasons:
• Unstable government.
• Poor economy.
• Poor standard of living
and quality of life.

37. Why is the South at such a disadvantage?

38. Why is the South at such a disadvantage?
• Of the many possible reasons for the South’s woes, the one factor that
stands out is colonization.

39. Why is the South at such a disadvantage?
• Of the many possible reasons for the South’s woes, the one factor that
stands out is colonization.
• Observe the list of countries that are considered global north countries,
notice that most of these countries were, at some point in history,
imperialists.

40. Why is the South at such a disadvantage?
• Of the many possible reasons for the South’s woes, the one factor that
stands out is colonization.
• Observe the list of countries that are considered global north countries,
notice that most of these countries were, at some point in history,
imperialists.
• From the 13th century onwards, most countries that were powerful have
stayed powerful, such as France and the UK. And therefore, most
countries that were inferior have stayed inferior.

41. Why is the South at such a disadvantage?
• However, like any aspect in history, there is always an exception, as the
US, a former British colony, has developed into the most powerful
country in the world.

45. Global Divides:
The North and South

46. END
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