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Global Warming
- 2. History of Our Planet Earth formed 4.6 Billion years ago. Life appeared occurred Billion years ago. Photosynthesis occurred 3.5-2.5 Billion years ago. Glacial Cycles
- 3. What is Global Warming? An increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution.
- 4. What Causes Global Warming? Greenhouse Effect. Two Types of Greenhouse effect Levels of Greenhouse gasses rise. Less heat escapes. Temperature Rises.
- 6. Causes Cont. Carbon Dioxide 95 % come from natural sources. Burning of Fossil Fuels
- 7. Some More Causes Deforestation and Agriculture. Loss of Natural Absorbents. Methane Worse than Carbon Dioxide. Twenty times stronger than Carbon Dioxide.
- 8. Yet Again, More Causes Chlorofluorocarbon’s Increase Carbon Dioxide Levels. Loss in Absorbers.
- 9. Another Cause/ Theory Solar Variation Theory Sunspots Earth receives 70% of the suns solar flux
- 10. Current Global Warming Effects Disease Insects migrating. Hurricanes Stronger and more frequent.
- 12. More Current Effects Ice Is Melting. Sea Levels. Decline In Animal Species.
- 13. Future Effects Continual Sea Level Changes and Ice Dissolving. Fresh Water Availability. Economic Disaster.
- 14. Future Effects Cont. Species Dependency Extinction of Plants and Animals.
- 16. How To Stop Global Warming!! Use Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Buy Minimally Packaged Goods Inflate Your Tires Buy a Hybrid Car Fill the Dishwasher Reduce Garbage Change Your Air Filter Plant a Tree Use Recycled Paper Replace Old Appliances Check Your Waterheater Weatherize Your Home Change the AC Filter Unplug Un-Used Electronics Take Shorter Showers Air Dry Your Clothes Install a Low-Flow Showerhead Turn off Your Computer
- 17. How to Stop Global Warming Cont. The 3 ”R”’s The Clean Air Act. Commitments to CO2 Reduction. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY!!
Editor's Notes
- Slide 2- Just a little bit of history about our planet. Geologists say that the planet formed about 4.6 Billion years ago. About 3.8 billion years ago life appeared on the planet, followed by the occurance of photosynthesis at about 3.5-2.5 billion years ago. This is also about the time when the earth started going through cycles of warming and cooling. And eventually Glacial and interglacial cycles.
- Slide - 3 What is Global Warming? Well, According to websters dictionary, Global warming is an increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution.
- Slide 4- There are a number of different factors that relate to global warming. The green house effect is leading contributor. There are two types of greenhouse effect. There is one that is natural and serves to keep the earth warm and habitable. Then there is the greenhouse effect that we have created. We have enhanced the natural greenhouse effect. We have helped make the greenhouse gasses rise and less infrared light, or heat, escapes the earth's atmosphere. In doing so the temperature of the earth increases..
- Slide 5- This is an image of the greenhouse effect.
- Carbon dioxide accounts for about 0.3% of the gasses in our atmosphere. Over 95% of carbon dioxide emissions come from natural sources and would occur even if humans were not present. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere would hardly change from year to year if humans were not producing so much. Over the past century, the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide has risen at an alarming rate. The addition of 3% annually has thrown off the carbon cycle. The industrial civilization has become a major contributor to this with the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gasoline which all raise carbon dioxide levels. The use of these power plants and engines threaten our stability.
- Slide 7- Some 8,000 years ago the start of agriculture began, and with that deforestation began. Deforestation and agriculture practices have become a large contributor. With the cutting down of trees and plants, they no longer serve as a natural absorbent of carbon dioxide. Thus, the release of carbon dioxide during the burning of plant life and the soils exposure to sunlight is not only harming the environment, but also hurting society. Methane gas is now being said to be worse than carbon dioxide. In addition to the emissions from cattle and rice paddies, located In the northern hemisphere tundra’s permafrost regions there is an abundance of methane gas trapped under the half frozen slush. Methane is said to be a 20 times stronger greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Since the Arctic warming seems to be moving along faster than expected, there could be a serious danger if the methane gas would suddenly erupt from the tundra.
- Slide 8- CFC’s- chlorofluorocarbon’s that have long been used in aerosol spray’s and refrigerants have now been found to be a contributor to global warming. As most people know cfc’s damage the ozone layer and cause skin cancer, crop damage, and destruction of the marine life food web. It has been shown now that cfc’s have lead to an increase of carbon dioxide levels that are stimulating global warming. With the ozone layer destruction the number of absorbers, trees, plants, plankton, etc, has dramatically decreased.
- Slide 9- Solar variation Theory is another possible cause. It is said that the sun has been gaining strength and is at its strongest point in 60 years. With this, sunspots have become a catalyst for global warming. The number of sunspots in an area directly effect the time its takes for the earth to cool down. Currently the earth is receiving about 70% of the suns solar flux and this can increase the temperatures of the land, atmosphere and oceans.
- Slide 10- There are an endless number of effects caused by global warming. Some of them are happening right now, but many more of them are in the future to come.Currently, the spread of disease is a major threat. As the northern countries begin to warm up, disease carrying insects, such as misquietos, migrate north and bring plague and disease with them. Right now Malaria is resurfacing and spreading to countries who have previously never encountered the disease. Hurricanes are another current reprocussion When the ocean temperatures rise, the probability of stronger and more frequent hurricanes increases dramatically.
- Slide 11- On average, precipitation has dramatically increased in some parts across the globe. On the contrary, there has been severe drought in other parts of the world. The chart on this screen is obviously only of the United States. This shows how much the perception levels have changed over the past 50 years.
- Slide 12- The Ice is melting worldwide, especially near the poles. The sea levels have risen faster than ever over the last century. There has been a decline in certain species such as Adelie penguins. There breeding pairs have fallen below 11,000 in the past 30 years. In addition to the penguins, some types of butterflies and foxes have been forced to migrate to cooler areas resulting in a large population loss.
- Slide 13- Over the next century we can expect the sea levels to rise anywhere between 7-23 inches. In addition, the melting of the ice could add another 4 to 8 inches. Less fresh water will be available. For example if the Quelccaya ice cap in Peru continues to melt, it will be completely gone by 2100. This will leave a population of people without drinking water and means of electricity. Catastrophe will become something of common occurrence and as it is well known, disaster relief can take a heavy toll on a country financially. After Hurricane Katrina, in 2005, there was an estimated 110 billion dollars in damages.
- Slide 14- Species that depend on one another may become out of sync. For example, plants could bloom earlier than their pollinating insects become active. Thus throwing off the whole cycle. The ecosystems will be vastly different. Some plants and animals will be able to survive while others will not. It is said if all the ice disappears, so will the polar bears. In addition 25% of mammals and 12% of birds will become extinct. Also Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska thanks to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees already.
- Slide 15- This is a graph showing what and how much certain species have become extinct in singapore alone and how quickly they will become extinct in all of southeast asia due to global warming.
- Slide 16- How Can we stop/prevent Global Warming. These are a few things that everyone can do. By doing just one of these things, a person can save anywhere from 5lbs to 16,000lbs of carbon dioxide a year. By buying a hybrid, a single person could save upto 16,000lbs.
- Slide 17- The three “R” ‘s. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. The government has issued the clean air act to help reduce air pollution. The Clean Air Act is making many companies change their products to decrease problems.Part of the law says that you may not put a certain amount of pollutants in the air.  Hairspray and some other products, like foam cups, had this problem.  It is estimated that we need to reduce global fuel use by 60% immediately in order to stabilize the climate. Current commitments by certain governments participating in CO2 reduction will only lower global CO2 by 4 - 6%. Some developing countries are reluctant to participate in any CO2 emission reduction plans, arguing that they did not create global warming and that it is the responsibility of developed countries to cut their own emissions or to support developing countries with financial aid. And other forms of Alternative Energy. We need to further investigate solar, wind and water power.