My presentation to the Bombay Chartered Accountants' Society International Economic Study Circle on Global macro-economics, trends, portfolio implications
Aug 7th 2013
Mumbai, India
Western governments are hopelessly addicted to deficit financing while refusing to address looming funding issues - with apologies to the embarrassingly foolish Angela Merkel, politicians can no more successfully “battle” the markets than you and I can successfully “battle” gravity. Petrocapita is an investment trust built around the premise that demand for energy will continue to move prices higher over the long-term. Petrocapita was created to allow investors to add professionally managed oil & gas assets directly to their portfolios.
Deloitte 2014: Global Powers of Luxury GroupsDigitaluxe
Deloitte presents the first annual Global Powers of Luxury Goods. This report identifies the 75 largest luxury good companies around the world based on publicly available data for the fiscal year 2012.
Western governments are hopelessly addicted to deficit financing while refusing to address looming funding issues - with apologies to the embarrassingly foolish Angela Merkel, politicians can no more successfully “battle” the markets than you and I can successfully “battle” gravity. Petrocapita is an investment trust built around the premise that demand for energy will continue to move prices higher over the long-term. Petrocapita was created to allow investors to add professionally managed oil & gas assets directly to their portfolios.
Deloitte 2014: Global Powers of Luxury GroupsDigitaluxe
Deloitte presents the first annual Global Powers of Luxury Goods. This report identifies the 75 largest luxury good companies around the world based on publicly available data for the fiscal year 2012.
31 August 2011--US Banking Sector Report 2011EconReport
The US dollar is falling in value as its debts increase, expenditures increase, and the
Federal Reserve so-called Quantitative Easing (QE) experiments only prove to further punish the
survivors of the so-called World Financial Crisis/Credit Crunch with the inability to preserve and
grow hard-won capital. The main cause of the dollars decline is the “blatant disrespect” of the
natural inverse relationship between the value and the interest-rate of bonds—which is a debt
issue—as all fiat bills are. Inflation began on 25 March 2009 when the US central bank decided
to “buy” at least US $100B worth of Treasury bonds.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
MTBiz is for you if you are looking for contemporary information on business, economy and especially on banking industry of Bangladesh. You would also find periodical information on Global Economy and Commodity Markets.
Signature content of MTBiz is its Article of the Month (AoM), as depicted on Cover Page of each issue, with featured focus on different issues that fall into the wide definition of Market, Business, Organization and Leadership. The AoM also covers areas on Innovation, Central Banking, Monetary Policy, National Budget, Economic Depression or Growth and Capital Market. Scale of coverage of the AoM both, global and local subject to each issue.
MTBiz is a monthly Market Review produced and distributed by Group R&D, MTB since 2009.
"Show me the incentive and I'll show you the outcome" – Veripath Farmland Funds Q4 Investor Letter: Investing in a World of Financial Repression, Negative Real Rates, Valuation “Challenges” and Inflationary Forces.
Do G7 governments have an incentive to attempt to keep inflation higher for longer and real rates lower for longer? Negative real rates across a broad spectrum of credit assets are a graphic sign that we inhabit a world of financial repression orchestrated by central banks at the formal/informal behest of sovereign borrowers. In a normally functioning market, lenders do not provide capital to borrowers for negative yields – i.e., they do not pay for the privilege of lending. It goes without saying we are not in a normally functioning market.
Fasanara Capital | Investment Outlook
1. Fake Markets: How Artificial Money Flows Kill Data Dependency, Affect Market Functioning and Change the Structure of the Market
Hard data ceased to be a driver for markets, valuation metrics for bonds and equities which held valid for over a century are now deemed secondary. Narratives and money flows trump hard data, overwhelmingly.
‘Fake Markets’ are defined as markets where the magnitude and duration of artificial flows from global Central Banks or passive investment vehicles have managed to overwhelm and narcotize data-dependency and macro factors. A stuporous state of durable, un-volatile over-valuation, arrested activity, unconsciousness produced by the influence of artificial money flows.
- Passive Flows: The Prehistoric Elephant In The Room
- ETFs Are Taking Over Markets
- The Impact of Passive Investors on Active Investors: the Induction Trap
- How Narratives Evolve To Cover For Fake Markets
- Defendit Numerus: There is Safety in Numbers
- What Could We Get Wrong
2. Be Short, Be Patient, Be Ready
Markets driven by Central Banks, passive investment vehicles and retail investors are unfit to price any premium for any risk. If we are right and this is indeed a bubble (both in equity and in bonds), it will eventually bust; it is only a matter of time. The higher it goes, the higher it can go, as more swathes of private investors are pulled in. The more violently it can subsequently bust.
The risk of a combined bust of equity and bonds is a plausible one. It matters all the more as 90%+ of investors still work under the basic framework of a balanced portfolio, exposed in different proportions to equity and bonds, both long. That includes risk parity funds, a leveraged version of balanced portfolio. That includes alternative risk premia funds, a nice commercial disguise for a mostly long-only beta risk, where premia is extracted from record rich markets that made those premia tautologically minuscule.
World Currencies
Currently most—if not all—currencies are directly pegged to the US dollar with the
governance of a monetary standard. The variance in the effects of inflationary pressure—when
compared to the US dollar—is due to their value (purchasing power) and their central banks'
monetary policies. Today we have reports concerning the rise in value of various currencies
when compared to the US dollar. For the most part, this is due to the US dollar's rate of descent
due to its central bank's failure to raise the Fed Fund rate which would give some balance to its
devilish inflationary monetary policy.
In spite of all the artifices to neutralize the tendency of the fall of the rates of profit of the world capitalist system and the technological advance will not prevent its overthrow because the political and social cost would be immense for the humanity with its maintenance. Before its collapse in the 21st century, the world capitalist system will be ruined by economic depression for many years leading to the collapse of many businesses, mass unemployment on a planetary scale, the economic indebtedness of the heavily indebted nation states, and the rebellion of masses around the world.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
31 August 2011--US Banking Sector Report 2011EconReport
The US dollar is falling in value as its debts increase, expenditures increase, and the
Federal Reserve so-called Quantitative Easing (QE) experiments only prove to further punish the
survivors of the so-called World Financial Crisis/Credit Crunch with the inability to preserve and
grow hard-won capital. The main cause of the dollars decline is the “blatant disrespect” of the
natural inverse relationship between the value and the interest-rate of bonds—which is a debt
issue—as all fiat bills are. Inflation began on 25 March 2009 when the US central bank decided
to “buy” at least US $100B worth of Treasury bonds.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
MTBiz is for you if you are looking for contemporary information on business, economy and especially on banking industry of Bangladesh. You would also find periodical information on Global Economy and Commodity Markets.
Signature content of MTBiz is its Article of the Month (AoM), as depicted on Cover Page of each issue, with featured focus on different issues that fall into the wide definition of Market, Business, Organization and Leadership. The AoM also covers areas on Innovation, Central Banking, Monetary Policy, National Budget, Economic Depression or Growth and Capital Market. Scale of coverage of the AoM both, global and local subject to each issue.
MTBiz is a monthly Market Review produced and distributed by Group R&D, MTB since 2009.
"Show me the incentive and I'll show you the outcome" – Veripath Farmland Funds Q4 Investor Letter: Investing in a World of Financial Repression, Negative Real Rates, Valuation “Challenges” and Inflationary Forces.
Do G7 governments have an incentive to attempt to keep inflation higher for longer and real rates lower for longer? Negative real rates across a broad spectrum of credit assets are a graphic sign that we inhabit a world of financial repression orchestrated by central banks at the formal/informal behest of sovereign borrowers. In a normally functioning market, lenders do not provide capital to borrowers for negative yields – i.e., they do not pay for the privilege of lending. It goes without saying we are not in a normally functioning market.
Fasanara Capital | Investment Outlook
1. Fake Markets: How Artificial Money Flows Kill Data Dependency, Affect Market Functioning and Change the Structure of the Market
Hard data ceased to be a driver for markets, valuation metrics for bonds and equities which held valid for over a century are now deemed secondary. Narratives and money flows trump hard data, overwhelmingly.
‘Fake Markets’ are defined as markets where the magnitude and duration of artificial flows from global Central Banks or passive investment vehicles have managed to overwhelm and narcotize data-dependency and macro factors. A stuporous state of durable, un-volatile over-valuation, arrested activity, unconsciousness produced by the influence of artificial money flows.
- Passive Flows: The Prehistoric Elephant In The Room
- ETFs Are Taking Over Markets
- The Impact of Passive Investors on Active Investors: the Induction Trap
- How Narratives Evolve To Cover For Fake Markets
- Defendit Numerus: There is Safety in Numbers
- What Could We Get Wrong
2. Be Short, Be Patient, Be Ready
Markets driven by Central Banks, passive investment vehicles and retail investors are unfit to price any premium for any risk. If we are right and this is indeed a bubble (both in equity and in bonds), it will eventually bust; it is only a matter of time. The higher it goes, the higher it can go, as more swathes of private investors are pulled in. The more violently it can subsequently bust.
The risk of a combined bust of equity and bonds is a plausible one. It matters all the more as 90%+ of investors still work under the basic framework of a balanced portfolio, exposed in different proportions to equity and bonds, both long. That includes risk parity funds, a leveraged version of balanced portfolio. That includes alternative risk premia funds, a nice commercial disguise for a mostly long-only beta risk, where premia is extracted from record rich markets that made those premia tautologically minuscule.
World Currencies
Currently most—if not all—currencies are directly pegged to the US dollar with the
governance of a monetary standard. The variance in the effects of inflationary pressure—when
compared to the US dollar—is due to their value (purchasing power) and their central banks'
monetary policies. Today we have reports concerning the rise in value of various currencies
when compared to the US dollar. For the most part, this is due to the US dollar's rate of descent
due to its central bank's failure to raise the Fed Fund rate which would give some balance to its
devilish inflationary monetary policy.
In spite of all the artifices to neutralize the tendency of the fall of the rates of profit of the world capitalist system and the technological advance will not prevent its overthrow because the political and social cost would be immense for the humanity with its maintenance. Before its collapse in the 21st century, the world capitalist system will be ruined by economic depression for many years leading to the collapse of many businesses, mass unemployment on a planetary scale, the economic indebtedness of the heavily indebted nation states, and the rebellion of masses around the world.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Fasanara Capital | Investment Outlook
1. The Future Is Wide Open: Avoid The ‘Illusion Of Knowledge’ Trap
The single most dangerous thinking trap / optical illusion for investors today is to look at Trump, Brexit and Italy Referendum as non-events, buried in the past. We believe that 2017 may likely be driven by the same factors that failed to shape 2016. The non-events of 2016 are likely to be the drivers of 2017. Finally, we will get to find out if Brexit means Brexit, if Trump means Trump, if a failed Italian referendum means early elections and a membership of the EMU in jeopardy down the line.
2. Structural Shift: These Are Transformational Times
The macro outlook of the next years will be influenced the most by these structural trends:
› Protectionism, De-Globalization & De-Dollarization. In Pursuit of Inclusive Growth
› End of ‘Pax Americana’. The ascent of China. Geopolitical risks on the rise
› End of ‘Pax QE’. Markets without steroids, but still delusional.
› 4th Industrial Revolution: labor participation rate falling from 63% to 40% in 10 years?
3. Our Baseline Scenario: Bubble Unwind, Equities and Bonds Down
Starting this 2017, our major macro convictions are as follows:
› Global Tapering to progress
› US Dollar to keep grinding higher
› European Political Instability to worsen
› US Equities to weaken
Base on the article answer 2 According to Austrian schoo.pdfadvanibagco
Base on the article, answer:
2. According to Austrian school, what should be our guiding policy for economic crisis mentioned
in the article?
3. What kind of economic policy is our government pursuing to deal with this crisis? What would
the author of this article recommend?
PLEASE WRITE A MINIMUM OF SIX LINES FOR EACH ANSWER.
The article:
In March 2007 then-Treasury secretary Henry Paulson told Americans that the global economy
was as strong as Ive seen it in my business career. Our financial institutions are strong, he added
in March 2008. Our investment banks are strong. Our banks are strong. Theyre going to be strong
for many, many years. Federal Reserve chairman Ben Bernanke said in May 2007, We do not
expect significant spillovers from the subprime market to the rest of the economy or to the financial
system. In August 2008, Paulson and Bernanke assured the country that other than perhaps $25
billion in bailout money for Fannie and Freddie, the fundamentals of the economy were sound.
Then, all of a sudden, things were so bad that without a $700 billion congressional appropriation,
the whole thing would collapse. In the wake of this change of heart on the part of our leaders,
Americans found themselves bombarded with a predictable and relentless refrain: the free market
economy has failed. The alleged remedies were equally predictable: more regulation, more
government intervention, more spending, more money creation, and more debt. To add insult to
injury, the very people who had been responsible for the policies that created the mess were
posing as the wise public servants who would show us the way out. And following a now-familiar
pattern, government failure would not only be blamed on anyone and everyone but the
government itself, but it would also be used to justify additional grants of government power. The
truth of the matter is that intervention in the market, rather than the market economy itself, was the
driving factor behind the bust. F.A. Hayek won the Nobel Prize for his work showing how the
central banks intervention into the economy gives rise to the boom-bust cycle, making us feel
prosperous until we suffer the inevitable crash. Most Americans know nothing about Hayeks
theory (known as the Austrian theory of the business cycle), and are therefore easy prey for the
quacks who blame the market for problems caused by the manipulation of money and credit. The
artificial booms the Fed provokes, wrote economist Henry Hazlitt decades ago, must end in a
crisis and a slump, andworse than the slump itself may be the public delusion that the slump has
been caused, not by the previous inflation, but by the inherent defects of capitalism. Although my
recently released book, Meltdown explains the process in more detail, an abbreviated version of
Austrian business cycle theory might run as follows: Government-established central banks can
artificially lower interest rates by increasing the supply of money (and thus the funds banks have
a.
Liquidity Risk Reporting, Measurement and Managementaseemelahi
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate an implementation model for LCR reporting requirements with descriptions, their respective calculations, and caps and haircuts applied to each source of funding and use of liquidity in arriving at the ratio.
Rumpelstiltskin at the Fed by Harley Bassman, PIMCO, executive vice presiden...Nigel Mark Dias
Rumpelstiltskin at the Fed by Harley Bassman, PIMCO, executive vice president & portfolio manager
SUMMARY
Has the Federal Reserve reached the bottom of its policy toolkit? Many things are still possible, at least in theory, including negative interest rates (which we believe would be ineffective and potentially harmful) or a “helicopter drop” of money. Another option is to resurrect a successful plan from 83 years ago: Purchase a tremendous amount of gold at a price substantially higher than market levels.
A massive Fed gold purchase program might finally lift the anchor on inflationary expectations and consumers’ spending habits. It would increase the price of a globally recognized store of value. It almost sounds like a fairy tale – but it’s happened before.
Though it seems incredibly farfetched, a massive Fed gold purchase program could echo a Depression-era effort that effectively boosted the U.S. economy.
Warren Buffett famously railed against the shiny yellow metal in 2012 when he noted all the gold in the world could be swapped for the totality of U.S. cropland and seven ExxonMobils with $1 trillion left over for “walking-around money.” His point was that these assets can generate significant returns while owning gold produces no discernable cash flow.
While this observation is certainly true, the rub is that this is not a fair comparison since gold is not an asset; rather, it should be considered an alternate currency. Pundits often describe the five factors that define “money”:
Its supply is controlled or limited,
It is fungible/uniform – this is why diamonds cannot qualify,
It is portable – this is why land cannot qualify,
It is divisible – thus art cannot be money, and
It is liquid – this means people will readily accept it in exchange.
By this definition, gold is certainly a form of money, and to Mr. Buffett’s point, one also earns no cash flow on paper dollars, euros, yen or yuan.
Agcapita is Canada's only RRSP and TFSA eligible farmland fund and is part of a family of funds with over $100 million in assets under management. Agcapita believes farmland is a safe investment, that supply is shrinking and that unprecedented demand for "food, feed and fuel" will continue to move crop prices higher over the long-term. Agcapita created the Farmland Investment Partnership to allow investors to add professionally managed farmland to their portfolios.
Financial Crisis is a situation which leads to complete turmoil in a.pdfanushafashions
Financial Crisis is a situation which leads to complete turmoil in an economy. The consequences
of the turmoil vary depending on whether the economy is an advanced economy or an emerging
market economy. However it should be borne in mind that in a globalized world it is rather
impossible for anyone to become unscathable from a turmoil even if it does not occur in one\'s
own economy. The ripply effect is definitely there howevery small it may be.
While the basic flow of financial crisis is the same in an advanced economy versus an emerging
economy we\'ll drill down on the basics:
1. Stages of Financial Crisis in an advanced economy:
The financial crisis is basically initiated when there is an excess of something and it goes
completely out of control. Consider the 2008 US sub-prime crisis. There were financial products
which were sold to everybody visible. These led to deterioration of the financials of the company
selling them. These companies took on an unsurmountable amount of risk and they even thought
about keeping on betting in the hope that all will be bullish. But as is with every thing. what goes
up must come down. There is a deterioration in the finances of financial institutions. There is an
increase in uncertainty. Asset prices decline massively. The problem of moral hazard comes to
the fore. Economic activity declines. There is again the same moral hazard issue. All the bubbles
of asset price reach their doomsday and there is zero visibility as to how the economy would
recover.
There is complete uncertainty in term of employment. There is large unemployment. People
have no trust in the banking system. All they want if their money back. The US government now
wanted to bail out the enstranged banks by using taxpayers money. FII\'s sell all their
investments in such country. This leads to massive slide in stock markets. People lose trillions of
dollars in their trade. The complete economy is in doldrums. There is nothing that they do. The
entire financial system comes to a screeching halt.
Once the damage has been done it takes years and a lot of Quantitative easing programmes to
propel the economy back on track. This means pumping in excess liquidity to bring banks back
in the system. Bailing out banks. Once economic activity picks up all the rock bottom asset
prices would start picking up. This would take a few years. The economy returns on track and
then the boom period starts again.
Stages of Financial Crisis in an Emerging economy:
While there are no major differences between the financial crisis stages explained for the
Advanced economy and that for the Emerging Economy, there are only a few important points to
note.
The major difference is that a crisis in emerging markets leads to the currency of that country
suffer big time against the US Dollar. This is because it loses its value relative to the dollar. The
country would take a long time to bring back the value of the currency. This would mean
pumping in excess liquidity and.
‘Deflationary Boom Markets’
‘Deflationary Boom Markets’ is the name of the game. Deflation forces Central Banks into action. Central banks to push Bonds and Equities higher, inflating the bubble some more, although on a rougher path and with higher volatility than we got accustomed to in recent years.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
2. Topics
Important Schools of Economic thought
Modern Monetary Realism
Quantitative Easing Myths
Kalecki equation / Flow of Funds analysis
Outlooks on Different Sectors
Important influencers
3. Important Economic schools
Mainstream / Orthodox Economics (Paul Krugman)
Austrian School / inflationistas (Peter Schiff)
Post-Keynesian
Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) i.e. Chartalism
Monetary Realism (MR) (Cullen Roche)
4. Monetary Realism – concepts
Monetary Realism (MR) is a description of the fiat monetary system
applicable to nations who are issuers of their own currency, but have
outsourced the broader money supply to the private banking system.
In many market based systems such as the USA, the money supply is
essentially privatized and controlled by private banks that compete to
create loans which create deposits (money).
Contrary to popular opinion, governments in such a system do not
directly control the money supply or create most of the money.
The Central Bank (Federal Reserve in the USA) and the Government (US
Treasury) have a symbiotic relationship and together are issuers of the
currency to the monetary system.
5. Monetary Realism – concepts
The private banking sector issues bank deposits (“inside money”) and the
public sector issues coins, paper cash and bank reserves (“outside
money”).
Nowadays most means of payment involving private agents are transacted
in bank deposits and, as such, the ins and outs of “inside money” are vital
to understanding how the modern monetary system functions.
As the issuer of currency, the government has no solvency constraint as
there might be for a household or business. The federal government’s true
constraint is never solvency, but inflation.
“We generate improving living standards through the efficient use of
resources resulting in the optimization of time”
System of flows: In the money system, the “health” of the system is based
largely on how this flow results in an improvement in living standards over
time. Are the economic agents using this flow to create goods and services
that improve the overall standards of living for the system as a whole?
6. Debunking Myths
US government has solvency constraints / it might “have trouble
paying the interest on the national debt”.
Interest rates will rise if the Fed stops buying bonds. Fact: after QE2
ended, interest rates tanked). There was no shortage of buyers of
government bonds. In fact, Treasury auctions showed stronger bid to
covers just as MR predicted.
Money multiplier / Fractional Reserve Banking
Inflation = decline in living standards e.g. purchasing power of US
Dollar has declined 90% since 1913; but living standards have soared.
US “money printing” will cause hyper-inflation.
Resource scarcity
Tapering = tightening
QE is money printing.
13. USA – next, the good news…
Still attracts top talent from all over the world with its immigration
policies / opportunities
Manufacturing renaissance –
cheap shale gas – lower, local energy costs
heavy factory automation
stronger Chinese Yuan and higher Chinese wages
3-D printing leading to faster prototyping
Still one of the best places to start / operate a business with minimal
friction due to bureaucracy / corruption – this operation of free
enterprise / profit motive / capitalist structure with adequate checks
and balances works really well
Innovation and research powerhouse of the world
Leads the world in higher education, healthcare, technology
14. USA – bottom line
Despite being the epicenter of the Great Recession, the US response
was largely in the right direction.
US has been through a “beautiful deleveraging”, by running huge fiscal
deficits when the private sector was weak.
Now the private sector is ready to run with the baton.
15. Europe
The Euro alliance was ill-conceived with a monetary union but no fiscal
/ budgetary union and no mechanism to resolve trade imbalances.
They further implemented austerity to deal with their debt, which has
landed them in even greater pain. Huge imbalances between the core /
traditional surplus nations (which at this point is just Germany) and the
periphery / traditional deficit nations (PIIGS).
The German election towards September end will be instrumental in
shaping the further course.
Hope is that they come towards greater unity rather than pushing for a
break-up of the Euro (which would be a huge negative for everyone).
Along with that, a move away from forced austerity into some gradual
adjustments with fiscal deficits / monetary support should help bring
Europe out of its malaise.
16. Japan
The “Abenomics” experiment is a bold move by the Japanese Govt to
shake the giant from its sleep.
After a couple of lost decades of deflation, Govt is trying to prod
growth and inflation into the system:
inflation targeting at a 2% annual rate
correction of the excessive yen appreciation
setting negative interest rates
radical quantitative easing
expansion of public investment
buying operations of construction bonds by Bank of Japan (BOJ)
It will be very interesting to see how this unprecedented experiment
plays out in reality.
17. China
China has become a red flag, as they’re beginning to experience signs
of a minor credit crisis due to overinvestment / overcapacity .
But their government tends to be particularly proactive regarding
private sector problems so that could alleviate near-term problems
even if it creates more long-term problems.
Longer-term trends:
They have run out of the demographic dividend, growing old before
they grew rich – one of the first and largest countries to do so.
Political resentment / upheaval risk similar to USSR cannot be ruled
out, unless Govt adopts a policy of steady democratization
Some of the worst pollution in the world
Two “Chinas”
18. Gold
Not in favor of the gold standard: the biggest problem is the inherent trade
imbalances.
Any single currency system like the gold standard is a lot like the Euro in which
everyone uses the same currency so there’s no floating exchange rate, the Govts
can’t print money and have trouble redistributing funds from imbalances to
rebalance economies and so deflation is the only real answer.
Deflation tends to be catastrophic if prolonged e.g. Spain and Greece. They’re
locked in a single currency, trade doesn’t rebalance through FX because they all use
the same currency, the Govts can’t print money and so they’re suffering through a
depressionary deflation. It’s a disaster. So the gold standard is like putting ourselves
in handcuffs.
Some people want to put the Govt alone in handcuffs, but that’s not entirely
rational. Govt should work with us and for us. We shouldn’t have to lock it up. Let’s
understand our system better. Not revert back to broken ones.
Having said that, Gold is a special component with both commodity and currency
aspects and is recommended as a small component in a balanced portfolio.
19. Commodities
Despite Wall Street pushing Commodities as an “alternative”
investment class, commodities have not delivered either the promised
returns or the hedging.
Correlation between commodity and equity returns has substantially
increased after the onset of the recent financial crisis.
Commodities are a cost input that rarely outperforms the pace of
inflation over long timeframes.
Commodities have no place in a long-term portfolio.
20. Oil
Do not subscribe to the “peak oil” theory
Consensus is slowly shifting to the idea that it is oil usage that has
peaked instead. Great article in the current Economist.
25. India – my thoughts
Strong demographic dividend: its young population is an asset not a
liability if properly harnessed and given the right opportunities.
If governance (both political and corporate) can be improved and
bureaucracy and corruption can be reduced, we have a great potential
ahead of us. Personally, I am pinning my hopes on the next election.
Property observations:
Lack of other investment opportunities
Black money
Rental yields at 2-4%
Overbuilding and overcapacity, yet a decent home remains out of reach for a
large section of the middle class
Prices of ~Rs. 5 Cr. in middle class suburbs – eerily reminiscent of 2006 US
Only saving grace is leverage is in check
26. My sources / Influencers
Cullen Roche:
Blog: www.pragcap.com
Paid service: www.orcamgroup.com
Ray Dalio
Felix Zulauf
Marketfolly.com
32. QE Summary
QE is just Open Market Operations (Fed buys bonds from banks and
credits them with reserves) – it is NOT money printing
QE can occur with or even without a deficit. If the US govt were running a
budget surplus while also running QE, no one would refer to it as “debt
monetization”. But it’s convenient to intermingle fiscal policy with
monetary policy when pushing the monetization myth. So it’s important to
understand that the idea of QE “funding” the US Treasury would really
mean that demand for US debt has dried up (that is, with a deficit, they
cannot sell debt to the public). That’s very clearly not true and QE2 ending
proved this as yields tanked and demand at US government bond auctions
remained very strong despite the end of the program.
QE in Europe can actually “work” because it is essentially a form of fiscal
policy that actually helps to fund the countries in Europe (or at least help
them avoid losing funding). This would be like the Federal Reserve buying
municipal bonds from states in distress who can’t find Federal funding (this
would essentially be a form of fiscal policy and would be “money printing”).