This document provides an overview of DNA and genetics. It contains 3 key points:
1) DNA is the blueprint that controls characteristics of organisms. It is located in the nucleus of cells in the form of chromosomes which contain genes.
2) Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, or 46 total chromosomes in each cell. The 23rd pair determines gender - XX for females and XY for males.
3) Experiments can be done to extract and work with DNA, such as from strawberries, to learn more about its structure and role in heredity.
Heredity - Genes, Chromosomes, Solving a Punnett Square and Non-Mendelian Inh...Rolly Franco
This presentation is suited for Grade 9 - Science for the topics about genes, chromosomes, solving punnett square and Non-Mendelian Inheritance(Co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple allelles and sex-related traits.
KEY CONCEPTS
14.1 Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance
14.2 Probability laws govern Mendelian inheritance
14.3 Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics
14.4 Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of
inheritance
B4FA 2012 Nigeria: Principles of Genetics - Charles Amadib4fa
Presentation by Dr Charles Amadi, National Root Crops Research Centre, Umudike, Nigeria
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Ibadan, Nigeria - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
Chapter 16 Genetics
What Is a Gene?
Chromosomes: Packages of Genetic Information
The Structure of DNA
DNA Replication
How Proteins Are Built
Genetic Mutations
How Radioactivity Causes Genetic Mutations
Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Mendelian Genetics
More Wrinkles: Beyond Mendelian Genetics
The Human Genome
Cancer: Genes Gone Awry
Environmental Causes of Cancer
Transgenic Organisms and Cloning
DNA Technology—What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
History of Science: Discovery of the Double Helix
Technology: Gene Therapy
Science and Society: Genetic Counseling
Science and Society: DNA Forensics
Heredity - Genes, Chromosomes, Solving a Punnett Square and Non-Mendelian Inh...Rolly Franco
This presentation is suited for Grade 9 - Science for the topics about genes, chromosomes, solving punnett square and Non-Mendelian Inheritance(Co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple allelles and sex-related traits.
KEY CONCEPTS
14.1 Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance
14.2 Probability laws govern Mendelian inheritance
14.3 Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics
14.4 Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of
inheritance
B4FA 2012 Nigeria: Principles of Genetics - Charles Amadib4fa
Presentation by Dr Charles Amadi, National Root Crops Research Centre, Umudike, Nigeria
Delivered at the B4FA Media Dialogue Workshop, Ibadan, Nigeria - September 2012
www.b4fa.org
Chapter 16 Genetics
What Is a Gene?
Chromosomes: Packages of Genetic Information
The Structure of DNA
DNA Replication
How Proteins Are Built
Genetic Mutations
How Radioactivity Causes Genetic Mutations
Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Mendelian Genetics
More Wrinkles: Beyond Mendelian Genetics
The Human Genome
Cancer: Genes Gone Awry
Environmental Causes of Cancer
Transgenic Organisms and Cloning
DNA Technology—What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
History of Science: Discovery of the Double Helix
Technology: Gene Therapy
Science and Society: Genetic Counseling
Science and Society: DNA Forensics
Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity,Genetics and Heredity.
Reading this presentation you will find out the two (2) important types of genealogy DNA test. How genealogy DNA testing identify if persons are related to each other or not. How genealogy DNA plays important role in solving parental issues, person's family history or child biological links.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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2. Learning Intensions
• You will describe DNA and its role as the
blueprint for controlling the characteristics of
organisms
• You will iIdentify the different types of
Chromosomes and understand their role in
genetics
• You will use inquiry skills to perform an
experiments on working with DNA
7. Black and white twins again.
Saturday, January 24th, 2009.
The two-tone miracle repeated
after 7 years for the mixed-race
couple Dean Durrant and Alison.
When the first set of twins arrived
in 2001, the couple were
astonished to see that Lauren
took after her white mum, with
blue eyes and red hair, while
Hayleigh had black skin and hair
like dad Dean.
Then this year Alison, 27, found she
was expecting again — and
lightning struck twice.
She had twin girls again. And little
Miya was born with dark skin like
her dad and Leah is white like
former recruitment consultant
Alison.
8. Nigerian Family Gave Birth To White
Girl With Blue Eyes
Monday, July 26, 2010, 10:28
British black family gave birth to a baby
girl with white skin, blue eyes and fair
hair. Doctors say that the newly born
is not an albino. The family had three
children who, like their parents, have
black skin.
Gene experts can’t explain how Nigerian
couple could give birth to a European
looking child.
Brain Sacks from the Oxford University
says that the birth is extraordinary.
Giving birth to such child should mean
any white ancestors of the parents.
But Ben and Angela Ihegboro claim
they don’t remember any relatives
who even remotely looked like
whites.
9. Think, Share and Discuss
1. Record any patterns.
2. If second generation had
another child, suggest what eye
colour they may be and give a
reason.
3.Suggest a reason why second
generation had brown and blue
eyed children.
4. Suggest a reasons why Third
generation had only blue eyed
children.
5. if the female in Fourth
generation married a man also
with blue eyes, what colour eyes
could their children have?
10. Genes are located in all our
cells. How complex are our cells?
Have you ever wondered what we are all made of?
11. Game – DNA Challenge
Use Worksheet to complete A to Z.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
• How many words can you make out of this word.
• 4 mins INDIVIUALLY
GO..................
• Prize for top 3 students with most words – Lollies
12. Cell Nucleus Chromosome Gene DNA
DNA –
deoxyribonucleic
acid
Molecule
Found in nucleus
Genetic code
passed on through
generations
Makes your
features / traits eg.
Ear lobes / widows
peak
DNA
13. Genes
Each set (group of DNA) that
code for a trait / feature
eg. Eye colour, longer
second toe = GENE
Many genes make a larger
structure ………
14. …..the chromosome
Chromosomes are a long, continuous
pieces of DNA (groups of genes),
found in the nucleus of our cells.
Chromatid is one of the two identical
parts of the chromosome.
Centromere is the point where the two
chromatids touch
Short arm and the long arm
15. Pairs - Copy the following diagram and
label
• Each pair of
chromosomes contain
one chromosome from
your father and one
from your mother.
• This is how you get a
mixture of genes,
therefore
characteristics from
both parents.
Chromosome pair number
1
Chromosome
Chromatid Chromatid
A pair
Gene Gene
16. Read only - Your eyes are
green
But his are grey and mine
are brown.
This is all caused by how
the DNA is structured to
make the gene.
Green eyes??? Hazel eyes???
The eye color is given by the amount of
melanin (same pigment as for hair and
skin). The higher the melanin, the darker
the eye color, and vice-versa. Green and
Hazel linked with Brown eyes – Brown
eyes can have many shades of colour.
Blue eyes only have blue.
19. Write these questions leaving a couple of lines and
answer them using the following slides
• 1.How many chromosomes do humans contain?
• 2.How many pairs do we contain?
• 3.What is pair number 23 called? Why?
• 4. What do we call all the other normal chromosomes pair no. 1 to 22?
• 5. What sex chromosomes would
i) male
ii) Females have?
• 6. Define Karyotype
• 7. Define Homologous chromosome
• 8. Define Non-homologous chromosome
• 9. Define mitosis?
• 10. Define gamete cells?
• 11. Define somatic cells?
• 12. How many chromosomes are in an egg?
• 13. How many chromosomes are in the sperm?
• 14. Why do gametes or sex cells (egg an sperm) only contain 23 single
chromosomes not 46 like all the other normal cells in the body?
20. Chromosome Number
Humans have 23 pairs
of chromosomes or 46
individual
chromosomes in every
normal cell.
Chromosomes can be
placed in pairs from
largest to smallest.
Autosomes – all the
normal chromosomes
pair no. 1 to 22.
Sex Chromosomes –
pair no. 23 – determines
your gender
Female = XX
Male = XY
Karyotype -the
no. and
appearance of
chromosomes in
the cells
nucleus.
21. Autosomes
• Homologous = matching /
same pairs of
chromosomes
• eg. chromosome 1 and 1
• Each pair same size, same
banding pattern and contain same
genes for traits, 1 from mum and
1 from dad
• Non-homologous = non
matching chromosomes
eg.chromosome 21 and
3
Mum Dad
22. Table 1: Examples of chromosome
numbers (diploid).
•Species
# of
chromosomes
Species
# of
chromosomes
Fruit fly 8 Human 46
Rye 14 Ape 48
Guinea Pig 16 Sheep 54
Dove 16 Horse 66
edible snail 24 Chicken 78
Earthworm 32 Carp 104
Pig 40 Butterflies ~380
Wheat 42 Fern ~1200
23. STOP • Circle each chromosome
pair (its matching
chromosome with the
same size and pattern),
number each biggest
being number 1,down to
smallest being number 22
and with sex
chromosomes at the end
being number 23. If time
you could cut and paste in
order as shown. See
picture here for example.
• Determine the gender.
Activity –
See Karyotype
Normal worksheet.