This document describes a photogrammetry project to create a 3D model of the Sanctuary of Aloasi in Ecuador using the 3df Zephyr software. It includes definitions of key photogrammetry terms, an evaluation of the site qualifications and available equipment, and details of the initial photo planning and capture. 42 initial photos were taken of the church facade with a Huawei P9 Lite smartphone camera, but cloudy weather limited lighting. The photos will be analyzed in the software to create an accurate 3D model of the historic building.
Practica N2 Planificación para la toma de fotografías aéreas CARLOSANTONIOCALISPA
This document describes the planning of aerial photograph capture for two different areas using different methods. It discusses using drones as a new method to replace large aircraft cameras for aerial photography projects on a smaller scale. The document outlines the objectives, definitions, materials, theoretical framework, results, discussion and conclusions of planning aerial photograph capture for two areas of the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE using traditional equipment and a drone. It compares applications for drone flight planning and presents the results of planning flights for the university campus and blocks A and B using analytical methods and the Pix4D Capture app.
IIRS_CRP Report by Parth Gondaliya and Huzaifa AnsariPARTH GONDALIYA
This document provides an introduction to photogrammetry and discusses close-range photogrammetry. It defines photogrammetry as obtaining 3D information from 2D photographs or images. Close-range photogrammetry involves taking photos of objects from short distances. The document outlines the workflow of close-range photogrammetry and compares it to laser scanning. It states the objectives of the study are to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of digital cameras, including mobile phone cameras, for close-range photogrammetry applications.
The aim of this paper is to present the essential elements of the electro-optical imaging system EOIS for space applications and how these elements can affect its function. After designing a spacecraft for low orbiting missions during day time, the design of an electro-imaging system becomes an important part in the satellite because the satellite will be able to take images of the regions of interest. An example of an electro-optical satellite imaging system will be presented through this paper where some restrictions have to be considered during the design process. Based on the optics principals and ray tracing techniques the dimensions of lenses and CCD (Charge Coupled Device) detector are changed matching the physical satellite requirements. However, many experiments were done in the physics lab to prove that the resizing of the electro optical elements of the imaging system does not affect the imaging mission configuration. The procedures used to measure the field of view and ground resolution will be discussed through this work. Examples of satellite images will be illustrated to show the ground resolution effects.
In general, analysing cameras is a difficult problem and solutions are often found only for geometric
approach. In this paper, the image capturing capability of a camera is presented from optical perspective.
Since most compact cameras can acquire only visible light, the description and propagation method of the
visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum reflected by a scene object is made based on Maxwell’s
equations. We then seek to use this understanding in the modelling of the image formation process of the
camera. The dependency of camera sensor field distribution on aperture dimension is emphasized. This
modelling leads to an important camera and image quality parameter called Modulation Transfer
Function. The model presented is based on a wave optics in which the wavefront is modified by the lens
after diffraction has taken place at the camera rectangular aperture positioned at the front focal point of
the lens. Simulation results are presented to validate the approach.
Wave Optics Analysis of Camera Image Formation With Respect to Rectangular Ap...IJCSEA Journal
In general, analysing cameras is a difficult problem and solutions are often found only for geometric approach. In this paper, the image capturing capability of a camera is presented from optical perspective. Since most compact cameras can acquire only visible light, the description and propagation method of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum reflected by a scene object is made based on Maxwell’s equations. We then seek to use this understanding in the modelling of the image formation process of the camera. The dependency of camera sensor field distribution on aperture dimension is emphasized. This modelling leads to an important camera and image quality parameter called Modulation Transfer Function. The model presented is based on a wave optics in which the wavefront is modified by the lens after diffraction has taken place at the camera rectangular aperture positioned at the front focal point of the lens. Simulation results are presented to validate the approach.
The document provides an overview of the European Space Agency's (ESA) activities in the area of image information mining (IIM) and knowledge discovery from Earth observation data. It discusses ESA's motivation to foster the use of IIM technologies to improve access and exploitation of data from past, current, and future Earth observation missions like Sentinels. It summarizes several of ESA's key initiatives and systems in this area over the past decade, including the Image Information Mining Coordination Group, the Knowledge-based Information Mining prototype, Knowledge-centered Earth Observation platform, and Multi-temporal Evolution Analysis prototype. It also describes exploitation platforms and services ESA has developed to support the scientific use and mining of Earth observation data.
A Novel Approach for Ship Recognition using Shape and Texture ijait
Maritime security includes reliable identification of ship entering and leaving a nation’s territorial waters. Sea target detection from remote sensing imagery is very important, with a wide array of applications in areas such as fishery management, vessel traffic services, and naval warfare. Automated systems that could identify a ship could complement existing electronic signal identification methods. A new classification approach using shape and texture is introduced for Ship detection. Texture information can improve classification performance. This approach uses both shape and texture features. Feature extraction is done by Hu’s moment invariants with several classification algorithms. This paper presents an overview of
automatic ship recognition methods with a view towards embedded implementation on optical smart cameras. Therefore this approach may attain a good classification rate.
Practica N2 Planificación para la toma de fotografías aéreas CARLOSANTONIOCALISPA
This document describes the planning of aerial photograph capture for two different areas using different methods. It discusses using drones as a new method to replace large aircraft cameras for aerial photography projects on a smaller scale. The document outlines the objectives, definitions, materials, theoretical framework, results, discussion and conclusions of planning aerial photograph capture for two areas of the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE using traditional equipment and a drone. It compares applications for drone flight planning and presents the results of planning flights for the university campus and blocks A and B using analytical methods and the Pix4D Capture app.
IIRS_CRP Report by Parth Gondaliya and Huzaifa AnsariPARTH GONDALIYA
This document provides an introduction to photogrammetry and discusses close-range photogrammetry. It defines photogrammetry as obtaining 3D information from 2D photographs or images. Close-range photogrammetry involves taking photos of objects from short distances. The document outlines the workflow of close-range photogrammetry and compares it to laser scanning. It states the objectives of the study are to evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of digital cameras, including mobile phone cameras, for close-range photogrammetry applications.
The aim of this paper is to present the essential elements of the electro-optical imaging system EOIS for space applications and how these elements can affect its function. After designing a spacecraft for low orbiting missions during day time, the design of an electro-imaging system becomes an important part in the satellite because the satellite will be able to take images of the regions of interest. An example of an electro-optical satellite imaging system will be presented through this paper where some restrictions have to be considered during the design process. Based on the optics principals and ray tracing techniques the dimensions of lenses and CCD (Charge Coupled Device) detector are changed matching the physical satellite requirements. However, many experiments were done in the physics lab to prove that the resizing of the electro optical elements of the imaging system does not affect the imaging mission configuration. The procedures used to measure the field of view and ground resolution will be discussed through this work. Examples of satellite images will be illustrated to show the ground resolution effects.
In general, analysing cameras is a difficult problem and solutions are often found only for geometric
approach. In this paper, the image capturing capability of a camera is presented from optical perspective.
Since most compact cameras can acquire only visible light, the description and propagation method of the
visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum reflected by a scene object is made based on Maxwell’s
equations. We then seek to use this understanding in the modelling of the image formation process of the
camera. The dependency of camera sensor field distribution on aperture dimension is emphasized. This
modelling leads to an important camera and image quality parameter called Modulation Transfer
Function. The model presented is based on a wave optics in which the wavefront is modified by the lens
after diffraction has taken place at the camera rectangular aperture positioned at the front focal point of
the lens. Simulation results are presented to validate the approach.
Wave Optics Analysis of Camera Image Formation With Respect to Rectangular Ap...IJCSEA Journal
In general, analysing cameras is a difficult problem and solutions are often found only for geometric approach. In this paper, the image capturing capability of a camera is presented from optical perspective. Since most compact cameras can acquire only visible light, the description and propagation method of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum reflected by a scene object is made based on Maxwell’s equations. We then seek to use this understanding in the modelling of the image formation process of the camera. The dependency of camera sensor field distribution on aperture dimension is emphasized. This modelling leads to an important camera and image quality parameter called Modulation Transfer Function. The model presented is based on a wave optics in which the wavefront is modified by the lens after diffraction has taken place at the camera rectangular aperture positioned at the front focal point of the lens. Simulation results are presented to validate the approach.
The document provides an overview of the European Space Agency's (ESA) activities in the area of image information mining (IIM) and knowledge discovery from Earth observation data. It discusses ESA's motivation to foster the use of IIM technologies to improve access and exploitation of data from past, current, and future Earth observation missions like Sentinels. It summarizes several of ESA's key initiatives and systems in this area over the past decade, including the Image Information Mining Coordination Group, the Knowledge-based Information Mining prototype, Knowledge-centered Earth Observation platform, and Multi-temporal Evolution Analysis prototype. It also describes exploitation platforms and services ESA has developed to support the scientific use and mining of Earth observation data.
A Novel Approach for Ship Recognition using Shape and Texture ijait
Maritime security includes reliable identification of ship entering and leaving a nation’s territorial waters. Sea target detection from remote sensing imagery is very important, with a wide array of applications in areas such as fishery management, vessel traffic services, and naval warfare. Automated systems that could identify a ship could complement existing electronic signal identification methods. A new classification approach using shape and texture is introduced for Ship detection. Texture information can improve classification performance. This approach uses both shape and texture features. Feature extraction is done by Hu’s moment invariants with several classification algorithms. This paper presents an overview of
automatic ship recognition methods with a view towards embedded implementation on optical smart cameras. Therefore this approach may attain a good classification rate.
Visual Environment by Semantic Segmentation Using Deep Learning: A Prototype ...Tomohiro Fukuda
This document describes a proposed method for estimating sky view factor (SVF) using semantic segmentation with deep learning networks. Specifically:
- It develops a system using SegNet and U-Net deep learning models to perform pixel-wise semantic segmentation of sky and non-sky areas from images to calculate SVF ratios.
- The system was trained on 300 manually segmented images and tested on 100 fisheye photographs, achieving 98% accuracy in estimating SVF under different sky conditions.
- Future work is needed to apply the system to live video streams rather than static images. The method provides an efficient, high-precision way to estimate important urban environmental metrics like SVF.
AN EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF TRACKING USING KALMAN FILTER FOR UNDERWATER RO...IJCSEIT Journal
The exploration of oceans and sea beds is being made increasingly possible through the development of
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). This is an activity that concerns the marine community and it
must confront the existence of notable challenges. However, an automatic detecting and tracking system is
the first and foremost element for an AUV or an aqueous surveillance network. In this paper a method of
Kalman filter was presented to solve the problems of objects track in sonar images. Region of object was
extracted by threshold segment and morphology process, and the features of invariant moment and area
were analysed. Results show that the method presented has the advantages of good robustness, high
accuracy and real-time characteristic, and it is efficient in underwater target track based on sonar images
and also suited for the purpose of Obstacle avoidance for the AUV to operate in the constrained
underwater environment.
Disparity map generation based on trapezoidal camera architecture for multi v...ijma
This document discusses disparity map generation using a trapezoidal camera architecture for multi-view video. It proposes arranging cameras in a trapezoidal configuration to address issues like occlusion. The trapezoidal camera architecture allows cameras to be positioned at different vertical levels, providing multiple viewpoints of occluded areas. It also facilitates accurate computation of parameters like baseline separation between cameras that are important for depth map generation and view synthesis. The document reviews existing parallel, convergent and divergent camera architectures and provides mathematical descriptions to analyze the proposed trapezoidal configuration.
DISPARITY MAP GENERATION BASED ON TRAPEZOIDAL CAMERA ARCHITECTURE FOR MULTI-V...ijma
Visual content acquisition is a strategic functional block of any visual system. Despite its wide possibilities,
the arrangement of cameras for the acquisition of good quality visual content for use in multi-view video
remains a huge challenge. This paper presents the mathematical description of trapezoidal camera
architecture and relationships which facilitate the determination of camera position for visual content
acquisition in multi-view video, and depth map generation. The strong point of Trapezoidal Camera
Architecture is that it allows for adaptive camera topology by which points within the scene, especially the
occluded ones can be optically and geometrically viewed from several different viewpoints either on the
edge of the trapezoid or inside it. The concept of maximum independent set, trapezoid characteristics, and
the fact that the positions of cameras (with the exception of few) differ in their vertical coordinate
description could very well be used to address the issue of occlusion which continues to be a major
problem in computer vision with regards to the generation of depth map.
A Review over Different Blur Detection Techniques in Image Processingpaperpublications3
Abstract: In last few years there is lot of development and attentions in area of blur detection techniques. The Blur detection techniques are very helpful in real life application and are used in image segmentation, image restoration and image enhancement. Blur detection techniques are used to remove the blur from a blurred region of an image which is due to defocus of a camera or motion of an object. In this literature review we represent some techniques of blur detection such as Blind image de-convolution, Low depth of field, Edge sharpness analysis, and Low directional high frequency energy. After studying all these techniques we have found that there are lot of future work is required for the development of perfect and effective blur detection technique.
Inclined Image Recognition for Aerial Mapping using Deep Learning and Tree ba...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
One of the important capabilities of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is aerial mapping. Aerial mapping is an image registration problem, i.e., the problem of transforming different sets of images into one coordinate system. In image registration, the quality of the output is strongly influenced by the quality of input (i.e., images captured by the UAV). Therefore, selecting the quality of input images becomes important and one of the challenging task in aerial mapping because the ground truth in the mapping process is not given before the UAV flies. Typically, UAV takes images in sequence irrespective of its flight orientation and roll angle. These may result in the acquisition of bad quality images, possibly compromising the quality of mapping results, and increasing the computational cost of a registration process. To address these issues, we need a recognition system that is able to recognize images that are not suitable for the registration process. In this paper, we define these unsuitable images as “inclined images,” i.e., images captured by UAV that are not perpendicular to the ground. Although we can calculate the inclination angle using a gyroscope attached to the UAV, our interest here is to recognize these inclined images without the use of additional sensors in order to mimic how humans perform this task visually. To realize that, we utilize a deep learning method with the combination of tree-based models to build an inclined image recognition system. We have validated the proposed system with the images captured by the UAV. We collected 192 images and labelled them with two different levels of classes (i.e., coarse- and fine-classification). We compared this with several models and the results showed that our proposed system yielded an improvement of accuracy rate up to 3%.
The document provides an overview of the Sirovision® technology, which uses stereo cameras and photogrammetry to create 3D digital models of mining excavations. It was developed by CSIRO in collaboration with Datamine and AngloGold Ashanti. Trials have occurred at several AngloGold Ashanti mines worldwide. The technology integrates with Datamine software to allow geologists to digitally map geological features onto the 3D images. Challenges have included hardware issues underground and slow image processing times. However, trials at Sunrise Dam Gold Mine in Australia yielded promising results for both open pit and underground applications. Further testing is ongoing to prove the technology's suitability for deep underground Witwatersrand gold mines.
What to measure:
Proprioceptive sensors
measure values internally to the system (robot),
e.g. motor speed, wheel load, heading of the robot, battery status
Exteroceptive sensors
information from the robots environment
distances to objects, intensity of the ambient light, unique features.
How to measure:
Passive sensors
energy coming for the environment
Active sensors
emit their proper energy and measure the reaction
better performance, but some influence on environment
IRJET - Underwater Object Identification using Matlab and MachineIRJET Journal
This document discusses underwater object identification using MATLAB and machine learning. It begins with an abstract that outlines using image processing techniques like color correction and enhancement to improve underwater image quality and resolution for object detection. The methodology section then describes the process, which includes image acquisition, preprocessing like color conversion and noise removal, feature extraction to determine object type, and using a NodeMCU to send data to the cloud. It tests this approach by capturing images of fish underwater and classifying them by type. The results show enhanced, higher quality images compared to the originals. In conclusion, this method effectively removes color distortions and increases contrast to identify underwater objects using deep learning frameworks.
This document discusses photogrammetry analysis using unmanned aerial vehicles and global positioning. It investigates the parameters involved in photogrammetry to discover uses for UAV technology combined with photogrammetry. The document reviews the history and theory of photogrammetry. It also discusses optimizing flight plans, camera settings, and measuring auxiliary data to achieve accurate georeferenced models from UAV photogrammetry without ground control points. The conclusions determine that UAV photogrammetry is gaining applicability as technologies improve and limitations diminish.
SAFARILAB: A Rugged and Reliable Optical Imaging System Characterization Set-...drboon
This work proposes a rugged and reliable set-up to characterize incoherently illuminated optical imaging systems. It complies with the ISO 12233 standard and is suitable for industrial applications. The standard has been implemented taking advantage of the allowed degrees of freedom to optimize noise robustness. Key points of the algorithm are automatization of the whole measurement procedure and customization, to comply with specific needs. Experimental results confirming the successful implementation are presented and discussed.
SAFARILAB: A Rugged and Reliable Optical Imaging System Characterization Set-...drboon
This work proposes a rugged and reliable set-up to characterize incoherently illuminated optical imaging systems. It complies with the ISO 12233 standard and is suitable for industrial applications. The standard has been implemented taking advantage of the allowed degrees of freedom to optimize noise robustness. Key points of the algorithm are automatization of the whole measurement procedure and customization, to comply with specific needs. Experimental results confirming the successful implementation are presented and discussed.
This document provides an overview of using remote sensing and GIS in the petroleum industry. It discusses remote sensing concepts and techniques like platforms, cameras, and scanners used to collect geospatial data. It then discusses GIS and how spatial features are stored and layered with attributes for mapping and analysis. As an example, it focuses on applying these tools to study oil formation, exploration, production, and pollution in the UAE. The document aims to explain how remote sensing and GIS can help operations across the petroleum industry life cycle from exploration to environmental monitoring.
This ppt includes about computed radiography i.e., CR with exposure process and layers of imaging plating and explaination about every layer consists of imaging plates also contains PSP Image acquisition and processing, Detection and Conversion of the PSL Signal, advantages and disadvantages about CR and Recent advances in computed radiographic (CR) detector and readout technology.
Under the certain circumstances of the low and unacceptable accuracy on image recognition, the feature
extraction method for optical images based on the wavelet space feature spectrum entropy is recently
studied. With this method, the principle that the energy is constant before and after the wavelet
transformation is employed to construct the wavelet energy pattern matrices, and the feature spectrum
entropy of singular value is extracted as the image features by singular value decomposition of the matrix.
At the same time, BP neural network is also applied in image recognition. The experimental results show
that high image recognition accuracy can be acquired by using the feature extraction method for optical
images proposed in this paper, which proves the validity of the method.
This document describes a capstone project to develop an object detection program for cameras on micro aerial vehicles. The student, Azli Erwin Aziz, is completing the project under the supervision of Sutthiphong Srigrarom at SIM University. The aim is to create a program that can detect objects in indoor environments using video analysis techniques, enabling micro aerial vehicles to autonomously avoid and approach objects. The report will cover the objectives, literature review, software and hardware requirements, program design and development, testing, conclusions and recommendations.
This document discusses models for analyzing artificial sky brightness. It begins by defining sky brightness and noting that it is highly variable due to changing atmospheric conditions and light emissions. It then outlines several models for predicting night sky brightness, including two-stream approximation and iterative radiative transfer equation approaches. The document also discusses using analysis models to enable prediction and lists challenges for the future, such as extending measurement networks, using multispectral satellites, agreeing on common descriptors, developing parametric models, and issuing recommendations.
This document is a seminar report on femto photography submitted by Gaurav Chauhan to fulfill requirements for a bachelor's degree. It discusses challenges in capturing light propagation at femtosecond resolution, contributions of the report, and limitations of the current system. The report proposes using synchronized pulsed laser illumination and a streak sensor to capture space-time planes of light transport with picosecond resolution across a scene. It also describes capturing space-time volumes by scanning a mirror to sweep exposures vertically and build 3D data cubes of the ultrafast event.
Este documento presenta las herramientas diseñadas para el control de calidad de un proyecto de fotogrametría terrestre de la fachada de un santuario. Incluye un diagrama de causa y efecto, una lista de chequeo y conclusiones sobre el proyecto y las herramientas utilizadas para evaluar la calidad. El objetivo es aplicar estas herramientas para asegurar que los productos fotogramétricos cumplan con los requisitos de calidad.
50 fotos
Professional: 100 fotos
No tiene limitación en el número de
fotografías
Genera nube de puntos, malla 3D y
ortofoto.
Genera nube de puntos, malla 3D,
ortofoto, DSM, DTM, texturizado 3D.
Interfaz sencilla e intuitiva.
Interfaz más completa y profesional.
Carece de herramientas avanzadas como
GCPs.
Permite el uso de GCPs para mayor
precisión.
Mayor facilidad de uso para proyectos
pequeños y medianos.
Mayor pot
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- It develops a system using SegNet and U-Net deep learning models to perform pixel-wise semantic segmentation of sky and non-sky areas from images to calculate SVF ratios.
- The system was trained on 300 manually segmented images and tested on 100 fisheye photographs, achieving 98% accuracy in estimating SVF under different sky conditions.
- Future work is needed to apply the system to live video streams rather than static images. The method provides an efficient, high-precision way to estimate important urban environmental metrics like SVF.
AN EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF TRACKING USING KALMAN FILTER FOR UNDERWATER RO...IJCSEIT Journal
The exploration of oceans and sea beds is being made increasingly possible through the development of
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). This is an activity that concerns the marine community and it
must confront the existence of notable challenges. However, an automatic detecting and tracking system is
the first and foremost element for an AUV or an aqueous surveillance network. In this paper a method of
Kalman filter was presented to solve the problems of objects track in sonar images. Region of object was
extracted by threshold segment and morphology process, and the features of invariant moment and area
were analysed. Results show that the method presented has the advantages of good robustness, high
accuracy and real-time characteristic, and it is efficient in underwater target track based on sonar images
and also suited for the purpose of Obstacle avoidance for the AUV to operate in the constrained
underwater environment.
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DISPARITY MAP GENERATION BASED ON TRAPEZOIDAL CAMERA ARCHITECTURE FOR MULTI-V...ijma
Visual content acquisition is a strategic functional block of any visual system. Despite its wide possibilities,
the arrangement of cameras for the acquisition of good quality visual content for use in multi-view video
remains a huge challenge. This paper presents the mathematical description of trapezoidal camera
architecture and relationships which facilitate the determination of camera position for visual content
acquisition in multi-view video, and depth map generation. The strong point of Trapezoidal Camera
Architecture is that it allows for adaptive camera topology by which points within the scene, especially the
occluded ones can be optically and geometrically viewed from several different viewpoints either on the
edge of the trapezoid or inside it. The concept of maximum independent set, trapezoid characteristics, and
the fact that the positions of cameras (with the exception of few) differ in their vertical coordinate
description could very well be used to address the issue of occlusion which continues to be a major
problem in computer vision with regards to the generation of depth map.
A Review over Different Blur Detection Techniques in Image Processingpaperpublications3
Abstract: In last few years there is lot of development and attentions in area of blur detection techniques. The Blur detection techniques are very helpful in real life application and are used in image segmentation, image restoration and image enhancement. Blur detection techniques are used to remove the blur from a blurred region of an image which is due to defocus of a camera or motion of an object. In this literature review we represent some techniques of blur detection such as Blind image de-convolution, Low depth of field, Edge sharpness analysis, and Low directional high frequency energy. After studying all these techniques we have found that there are lot of future work is required for the development of perfect and effective blur detection technique.
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One of the important capabilities of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is aerial mapping. Aerial mapping is an image registration problem, i.e., the problem of transforming different sets of images into one coordinate system. In image registration, the quality of the output is strongly influenced by the quality of input (i.e., images captured by the UAV). Therefore, selecting the quality of input images becomes important and one of the challenging task in aerial mapping because the ground truth in the mapping process is not given before the UAV flies. Typically, UAV takes images in sequence irrespective of its flight orientation and roll angle. These may result in the acquisition of bad quality images, possibly compromising the quality of mapping results, and increasing the computational cost of a registration process. To address these issues, we need a recognition system that is able to recognize images that are not suitable for the registration process. In this paper, we define these unsuitable images as “inclined images,” i.e., images captured by UAV that are not perpendicular to the ground. Although we can calculate the inclination angle using a gyroscope attached to the UAV, our interest here is to recognize these inclined images without the use of additional sensors in order to mimic how humans perform this task visually. To realize that, we utilize a deep learning method with the combination of tree-based models to build an inclined image recognition system. We have validated the proposed system with the images captured by the UAV. We collected 192 images and labelled them with two different levels of classes (i.e., coarse- and fine-classification). We compared this with several models and the results showed that our proposed system yielded an improvement of accuracy rate up to 3%.
The document provides an overview of the Sirovision® technology, which uses stereo cameras and photogrammetry to create 3D digital models of mining excavations. It was developed by CSIRO in collaboration with Datamine and AngloGold Ashanti. Trials have occurred at several AngloGold Ashanti mines worldwide. The technology integrates with Datamine software to allow geologists to digitally map geological features onto the 3D images. Challenges have included hardware issues underground and slow image processing times. However, trials at Sunrise Dam Gold Mine in Australia yielded promising results for both open pit and underground applications. Further testing is ongoing to prove the technology's suitability for deep underground Witwatersrand gold mines.
What to measure:
Proprioceptive sensors
measure values internally to the system (robot),
e.g. motor speed, wheel load, heading of the robot, battery status
Exteroceptive sensors
information from the robots environment
distances to objects, intensity of the ambient light, unique features.
How to measure:
Passive sensors
energy coming for the environment
Active sensors
emit their proper energy and measure the reaction
better performance, but some influence on environment
IRJET - Underwater Object Identification using Matlab and MachineIRJET Journal
This document discusses underwater object identification using MATLAB and machine learning. It begins with an abstract that outlines using image processing techniques like color correction and enhancement to improve underwater image quality and resolution for object detection. The methodology section then describes the process, which includes image acquisition, preprocessing like color conversion and noise removal, feature extraction to determine object type, and using a NodeMCU to send data to the cloud. It tests this approach by capturing images of fish underwater and classifying them by type. The results show enhanced, higher quality images compared to the originals. In conclusion, this method effectively removes color distortions and increases contrast to identify underwater objects using deep learning frameworks.
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This work proposes a rugged and reliable set-up to characterize incoherently illuminated optical imaging systems. It complies with the ISO 12233 standard and is suitable for industrial applications. The standard has been implemented taking advantage of the allowed degrees of freedom to optimize noise robustness. Key points of the algorithm are automatization of the whole measurement procedure and customization, to comply with specific needs. Experimental results confirming the successful implementation are presented and discussed.
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This ppt includes about computed radiography i.e., CR with exposure process and layers of imaging plating and explaination about every layer consists of imaging plates also contains PSP Image acquisition and processing, Detection and Conversion of the PSL Signal, advantages and disadvantages about CR and Recent advances in computed radiographic (CR) detector and readout technology.
Under the certain circumstances of the low and unacceptable accuracy on image recognition, the feature
extraction method for optical images based on the wavelet space feature spectrum entropy is recently
studied. With this method, the principle that the energy is constant before and after the wavelet
transformation is employed to construct the wavelet energy pattern matrices, and the feature spectrum
entropy of singular value is extracted as the image features by singular value decomposition of the matrix.
At the same time, BP neural network is also applied in image recognition. The experimental results show
that high image recognition accuracy can be acquired by using the feature extraction method for optical
images proposed in this paper, which proves the validity of the method.
This document describes a capstone project to develop an object detection program for cameras on micro aerial vehicles. The student, Azli Erwin Aziz, is completing the project under the supervision of Sutthiphong Srigrarom at SIM University. The aim is to create a program that can detect objects in indoor environments using video analysis techniques, enabling micro aerial vehicles to autonomously avoid and approach objects. The report will cover the objectives, literature review, software and hardware requirements, program design and development, testing, conclusions and recommendations.
This document discusses models for analyzing artificial sky brightness. It begins by defining sky brightness and noting that it is highly variable due to changing atmospheric conditions and light emissions. It then outlines several models for predicting night sky brightness, including two-stream approximation and iterative radiative transfer equation approaches. The document also discusses using analysis models to enable prediction and lists challenges for the future, such as extending measurement networks, using multispectral satellites, agreeing on common descriptors, developing parametric models, and issuing recommendations.
This document is a seminar report on femto photography submitted by Gaurav Chauhan to fulfill requirements for a bachelor's degree. It discusses challenges in capturing light propagation at femtosecond resolution, contributions of the report, and limitations of the current system. The report proposes using synchronized pulsed laser illumination and a streak sensor to capture space-time planes of light transport with picosecond resolution across a scene. It also describes capturing space-time volumes by scanning a mirror to sweep exposures vertically and build 3D data cubes of the ultrafast event.
Similar to Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica (20)
Este documento presenta las herramientas diseñadas para el control de calidad de un proyecto de fotogrametría terrestre de la fachada de un santuario. Incluye un diagrama de causa y efecto, una lista de chequeo y conclusiones sobre el proyecto y las herramientas utilizadas para evaluar la calidad. El objetivo es aplicar estas herramientas para asegurar que los productos fotogramétricos cumplan con los requisitos de calidad.
50 fotos
Professional: 100 fotos
No tiene limitación en el número de
fotografías
Genera nube de puntos, malla 3D y
ortofoto.
Genera nube de puntos, malla 3D,
ortofoto, DSM, DTM, texturizado 3D.
Interfaz sencilla e intuitiva.
Interfaz más completa y profesional.
Carece de herramientas avanzadas como
GCPs.
Permite el uso de GCPs para mayor
precisión.
Mayor facilidad de uso para proyectos
pequeños y medianos.
Mayor pot
Este documento describe el proceso de calibración de una cámara utilizando el software Agisoft Lens y la aplicación de los parámetros de calibración en el software 3DF Zephyr. Se toman fotografías de un patrón de calibración con la cámara en diferentes posiciones y ángulos, las cuales son procesadas en Agisoft Lens para obtener los parámetros internos de la cámara. Luego, estos parámetros son incluidos en 3DF Zephyr para procesar fotografías adicionales y generar
The National Institute of Cultural Heritage (INPC) has requested the development of a scale 1:500 plan of the facade of the Church of the Company of Jesus in Quito, Ecuador to document its architectural features and address deterioration from weathering. As the technical director of the project, the document requests the design plan for the photogrammetric project, including the scale of the plan, smallest detail size, camera scale and distance, number of photos, and preliminary budget and schedule. It then provides the camera specifications, calculations for two focal length cases, and a project planning table.
Este documento presenta el proyecto fotogramétrico realizado por un estudiante para generar un plano base de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE con una escala de 1:500. Incluye la justificación, objetivos, definiciones, materiales, marco teórico, y resultados del proyecto. Dentro de los resultados se encuentra el acta de constitución del proyecto con la información general, presupuesto, cronograma de actividades y recursos requeridos. El acta es fundamental para organizar las acciones a tomar durante el pro
Este documento describe los procedimientos para la selección de personal competente en una universidad, incluyendo la determinación del perfil de puestos, la contratación, inducción y evaluación del desempeño. El objetivo es garantizar que cada trabajador tenga el nivel de competencia necesario para cumplir los objetivos de la organización y apoyar un ambiente laboral adecuado. El líder de gestión humana es responsable de dirigir el proceso que consta de varias etapas como identificar necesidades, entrevistas, capacitación y evaluación continua
El documento presenta dos modelos para la construcción de una casa: un modelo IDEF que describe el proceso de elaborar el diseño, tramitar permisos y construir la casa, y un diagrama de flujo que detalla las etapas ordenadas de obtener planos topográficos, diseñar planos, obtener permisos, contratar constructores y entregar la casa terminada.
Este documento presenta dos problemas relacionados con fundamentos de fotogrametría. El primer problema involucra medir la distancia y ángulo entre dos puntos usando una regla y graduador, y calcular coordenadas y precisión de mediciones. El segundo problema involucra ángulos de inclinación en una fotografía aérea y calcular coordenadas de puntos nadir e isocentro, así como incertidumbre en mediciones. Se pide graficar datos y resolver 10 preguntas sobre cada problema, con un tiempo de 2 horas.
El documento presenta un examen de fundamentos de fotogrametría que consta de 2 problemas. El problema 1 pide calcular la distancia focal de simetría, los coeficientes de distorsión radial y la distorsión radial para una distancia de 50mm usando datos de ángulo y distancia. El problema 2 pide calcular las coordenadas corregidas de un punto dado sus coordenadas originales, los coeficientes de distorsión radial y la distancia focal de la cámara. El examen es el 20 de enero y debe entregarse antes de las 9 am por WhatsApp
El documento describe el proceso de rectificar 10 fotografías terrestres de objetos planos como cuadros, fachadas y paredes utilizando el software gratuito PicsArt en un teléfono móvil. Se tomaron fotos de varios objetos con inclinaciones entre 15° y 20° y luego se usó la herramienta de percepción en PicsArt para corregir las inclinaciones de las fotos.
Este documento describe los componentes principales de las cámaras fotográficas aéreas y terrestres. Explica el funcionamiento del obturador y el diafragma, los cuales controlan el tiempo de exposición y la cantidad de luz que entra a la cámara respectivamente. También define conceptos como sensibilidad, profundidad de campo y resolución. El objetivo es que los estudiantes conozcan estos componentes de manera teórica y práctica para mejorar la toma de fotografías.
El documento presenta las especificaciones técnicas para la producción de cartografía a escala 1:5.000 en Ecuador, incluyendo el sistema geodésico de referencia, parámetros para vuelos fotogramétricos, establecimiento de puntos de control, y especificaciones para la generación de ortofotos digitales como producto derivado.
El documento establece el marco legal vigente en Ecuador relacionado con la cartografía y catastros. Señala que de acuerdo con la Constitución, el Estado financiará y elaborará la cartografía geodésica del territorio nacional para el diseño de catastros. También establece que la formación y administración de catastros inmobiliarios corresponde a los gobiernos municipales siguiendo lineamientos legales. Finalmente, resume algunos artículos clave de la Ley de Cartografía Nacional respecto a la autorización de trabajos cartográficos y
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
1. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS “ESPE”
Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la Construcción
Ingeniería en Tecnologías Geoespaciales
Tema: Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica
Nombre: Carlos Antonio Calispa Noroña
Docente: Ing. Pablo Perez S. MAG
Fecha de entrega: 12/03/2021
2. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
Contenido
1. Justificación................................................................................................................. 1
3. Definiciones ................................................................................................................. 2
4. Materiales y Equipos.................................................................................................. 3
5. Actividades .................................................................................................................. 3
6. Conclusiones.............................................................................................................. 11
Bibliografía.................................................................................................................... 12
3. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
1
1. Justificación
Al igual que otras ciencias, la fotogrametría se ha beneficiado significativamente con
los desarrollos y adelantos en el diseño de software y aplicaciones de alto rendimiento.
La automatización de los procesos fotogramétricos, y la alta competitividad de empresas
desarrolladoras de software, que quieren ubicar sus productos y/o servicios, ha permitido
que en los actuales momentos, se pueda disponer y acceder a una gran variedad de
software de procesamiento de fotografías aéreas (métricas y no métricas) y terrestres para
la generación de Ortofotos y modelos 3D del terreno.
A continuación, podemos observar los logos distintivos de algunas de las aplicaciones
que se encuentran disponibles en el mercado, para ejecutar los procesos fotogramétricos,
cada uno de los cuales tienen particularidades y formas de resolver y presentar los
resultados.
COLMAP,
MicMacVis
ualSFM
OpenMVG
Hexagon Geospatial
IMAGINE Photogrammetry
2. Objetivos de aprendizaje
Objetivo general: Aplicar los conocimientos sobre modelamiento en el programa 3df
Zephyr sobre el tema de proyecto establecido en trabajos anteriores, con estudios
cualitativos y cuantitativos sobre este.
Objetivos específicos:
Validar cualitativa y cuantitativamente la propuesta de plan de toma de
fotografías terrestres, de manera que respondan a los criterios de: Relevancia del
4. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
2
bien patrimonial, medios y recursos tecnológicos, accesibilidad, seguridad,
diseño geométrico.
Desarrollar competencias básicas relacionadas con el uso y explotación del
software fotogramétrico 3d Zephyr en su versión libre.
Retroalimentar dicho conocimiento, para perfeccionar el plan de toma de
fotografías terrestres personal, para así disponer del plan definitivo.
3. Definiciones
• Fotografías aéreas: La fotografía aérea es el análisis de la superficie terrestre
mediante el empleo de máquinas fotográficas instaladas a bordo de diversos medios
aéreos. (Wikipedia)
• Distancia focal: generalmente representada en milímetros (mm), es la descripción
básica de un lente fotográfico. […] es un cálculo de la distancia óptica desde el punto
en donde los rayos convergen hasta formar una imagen nítida de un objeto. (Diane
Berkenfeld, 2021)
• Cámara digital: es una cámara fotográfica que, en vez de captar y
almacenar fotografías en película química como las cámaras de película fotográfica,
recurre a la fotografía digital para generar y almacenar imágenes. (Wikipedia, 2009)
• Fotogrametría: es la técnica cuyo objeto es estudiar y definir con precisión la forma,
dimensiones y posición en el espacio de un objeto cualquiera, utilizando
esencialmente medidas hechas sobre una o varias fotografías de ese objeto.
(Wikipedia, 2006)
• Orientación Interior: La orientación interior establece la relación entre el plano de
imagen y el centro de la proyección de una cámara. La orientación interior se puede
calcular y perfeccionar mediante las marcas fiduciales visibles en las fotografías
aéreas escaneadas, junto con otras medidas asociadas con el plano focal y el sistema
de lente de una cámara métrica. (Arcgis Pro, 2017).
5. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
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• Orientación Exterior: La orientación externa es la que determina la posición y
orientación exactas de la cámara en el instante en que se realizó la fotografía.
Consiste en unas coordenadas tridimensionales X, Y y Z denominadas foto-centro y
tres giros Ω, Φ y Κ (respecto a los ejes XYZ), siendo usualmente los valores de Ω y
Φ cercanos a cero. (Aplitop, 2018).
4. Materiales y Equipos
• Internet
• Celular Huawei P9 Lite Smart
• Software: 3df Zephyr
5. Actividades
Actividad 13.1.- Validación del diseño: evaluación cualitativa y cuantitativa
Diseño del proyecto fotogramétrico: En base al conocimiento adquirido en la unidad
anterior y con las consideraciones especiales revisadas en la parte teórica durante la
reunión sincrónica, se requiere abordar un caso práctico de planificación del proyecto
fotogramétrico terrestre, con la intención que estando en condiciones controladas,
podamos con nuestros propios recursos desarrollar el proyecto sin inconveniente.
6. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
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Fuente: Carlos Calispa
Evaluación cualitativa: El Santuario de Aloasi ostenta su título desde la época del 1997,
15 de Septiembre para ser exactos, tiene un significado de tranquilidad más allá del
significado religioso para los ciudadanos de la parroquia y de lugares cercanos, como
Machachi, el Chaupi, Aloag. La historia de la Iglesia y su nombramiento como Santuario
de Nuestra Señora de los dolores se debe a los milagros, que se cuentan como leyenda,
que se realizaron en torno a la imagen de la misma.
Se cuenta que la llegada de dicha imagen de la Señora de los Dolores se dio por la pérdida
de 3 mulas que se dirigían hacia Quito, un término en Machachi llevando la imagen del
ahora conocido como Señor de la Santa Escuela, la siguiente termino en Aloasi llevando
consigo la imagen de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores y solo la Efigie del Señor de la Buena
Esperanza llego a su destino en Quito.
Por parte de la tecnología solo cuento con un teléfono Huawei P9 Lite Smart con una
cámara de 13 megapixeles, la seguridad de la zona es buena pues no tiene mucha afluencia
de personas y es un lugar visible a el GAD de la parroquia que da un aire de seguridad, el
único problema es la accesibilidad pues por el periodo de pandemia que estamos viviendo
7. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
5
es muy difícil que abran la iglesia pues trae la posibilidad de las aglomeraciones pero para
los mismo se debe hablar con los cuidadores y el personal del despacho del Santuario.
Evaluación cuantitativa: Los datos preliminares con los resultados de los cálculos sobre
la distancia de toma, numero de fotos aproximada (pues se terminó tomando 42 fotos en
un inicio), se ponen a continuación:
Datos:
Celular con cámara fotográfica Huawei P9 Lite Smart
Escala requerida del mapa: 1:50 Escala 1:500
Distancia focal: 30mm = 0.03cm
Resolución: 13 MP (4160x3120) Tamaño sensor: 2,5 x 2 cm
Norma de Referencia ISO
Fachada:
Longitud= 14 metros Ancho= 16 metros
Resultados:
Escala de la fotografía: 5x50=250
Distancia de toma Y: 𝑌 = 7,5 𝑚
Cobertura de la fotografía: 𝐵 = 2.5 𝑚
Número de fotografías: 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑓 = 10 𝑓𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑠
Separación entre líneas: 𝐴 = 4 𝑚
Número de líneas: 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑙 = 4 ≈ 4 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑠
Número total de fotografías: 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑇 = 40 𝑓𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑓í𝑎𝑠
8. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
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Actividad 13.2.- Evaluación de las fotografías: Para esta actividad se ha realizado una
evaluación general de iluminación, nitidez en base al rechazo de fotografías por el
programa de modelado.
Como se mencionó anteriormente el número de fotografías tomadas en primera
instancia fue de 42 fotografías que se resumen en la siguiente foto:
El problema de la iluminación, almenos en la parte actual del proyecto que se basa solo
en la fachada, me enfrento a la problemática del clima pues la mayor parte de los días
desde el inicio de mes o mucho antes pasa nublados los días con pocos momentos de sol
que casi no duran, fuera de eso la nitidez de las fotos no está mal y tampoco genero
rechazos en el programa solamente se debe tener en cuenta las siguientes indicaciones
dadas en clase:
Complementar los filos de la fachada al igual que la parte alta que tiene forma
de cúpula tomando fotos con un poco más de distancia del objeto para tratar de
tomar las fotos (una distancia aproximada de 10 metros de ser posible para
tomar dichas partes).
Implementación de zoom en zonas que cuenten con mayor detalle para poder
plasmar estos datos en el modelamiento a realizarse.
Para un desarrollo de un proyecto más completo realizar la toma de fotos interna
del Santuario, esto viene de la mano con la necesidad de los permisos necesarios
del despacho Parroquial y del Padre de la Iglesia para la toma de las mismas y la
apertura de la Iglesia pues por la pandemia esta se a mantenido cerrada la mayor
parte del tiempo.
9. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE Código: CIGMA.05.02
Ingeniería Geográfica y del Medio Ambiente Versión: V1.0
Manual de prácticas de Fotogrametría
Gestión de la producción fotogramétrica Fecha 11/03/21
Revisión 12/03/21
7
Actividad 13.3.- Aprendizaje y empleo del del software 3D ZEPHYR: Fotografías de
resultados finales, nube de puntos densa y malla con textura.
En esta parte del trabajo se pide la realización con 2 diferentes datos de fotografías la 1
es con las imágenes proporcionadas en el drive en la carpeta Arqueología y la segunda
del proyecto en su primera instancia.
Caso 1: Fotos carpeta Arqueología
Las fotos implementadas para esta práctica en el programa son las siguientes:
Estas son agregadas al programa 3df Zephyr y procesadas para darnos las primeras nubes
de puntos dispersas, dando el siguiente resultado:
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Pasado esto se realiza el procesamiento de la nube de puntos densa:
Donde ya se observa con mayor precisión las cualidades del objeto, continuando con la
generación de la malla en base a estos puntos y como término la malla con textura
adjuntadas en las siguientes imágenes:
Modelo procesado en malla:
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Modelo procesado en malla con textura:
Caso 2: Fotos proyecto fachada Santuario de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores.
Primero se sube las fotografías para el debido procesamiento, en el cual al subir no hubo
ningún problema y ninguna foto fue rechazada. Obteniendo la nube de puntos dispersos
así:
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Para el siguiente procesamiento se realizó una limpieza de puntos externos que pudieran
estorbar o ser de partes que no nos interesan para así ayudar al momento de procesar los
puntos ya que estos serán menos, terminando con una nube densa de puntos tal que así:
Aquí se logra observar la problemática explicada en la anterior actividad, la parte alta de
la iglesia no tiene información pues el ángulo de la toma y la distancia no cubren en su
totalidad por lo que el programa omite esas partes por falta de información. El siguiente
paso es la malla:
En las fotos se puede ver la parte recortada, despues de algunas ediciones y como los detalles
de la facahada se empiezan a notar más y más. Por ultimo tenemos la malla con textura:
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Aquí obtenemos un poco más de resolución en las cosas pues se llegan hasta a leer
cuadros que se encuentran frente a la iglesia.
6. Conclusiones
La toma de fotos terrestres se ha llevado a cabo de acuerdo al plan e intentando
tomar según las capacidades del terreno y las condiciones climáticas que se han
mantenido con fuertes lluvias en estas semanas.
La reconstrucción de las fotografías se llevó a cabo de buena manera mientras se
mantenga en la opción default para no sobrecargar la computadora, igual que la
eliminación de puntos que no competen nuestra área de estudio.
La toma de fotos debe replantearse acuerdo a las distintas capacidades del terreno
y de la cámara para ampliar la zona tomada tratando de alcanzar más zonas de la
fachada.
Se concluye con que el trabajo presenta un reto al software y hardware de la
computadora dependiendo el nivel de detalle que se precise y de la cantidad de
fotos (incluye las especificaciones de la foto como colores, tamaño, etc) por lo
que se debe mantener en mente también este tipo de situaciones.
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