Genetic manipulation of herbicide tolerant

1. GENETIC MANIPULATION
OF HERBICIDE TOLERANCE
k.Iswarya lakshmi

2. WHY TRANSGENIC PLANTS?
Transgenic plant is modified organism where genes are
transferred from one organism to another through genetic
engineering techniques
Aim to introduce a new trait to
plant

3. Salt
tolerance
Improving quality
Metabolic
engineering
Drought
resistance
Water use
efficiency
Pest
resistance
Herbicide
resistance
New traits of the
plant
improving
photosynthesis

4. WEED
Weed, general term for any plant growing
where it is not wanted.
Weed are constant problem in crop fields
Weed not compete with crops for sunlight, water,
nutrients , space but also it act carrier for insects and
diseases.
If left, uncontrolled weeds can reduce the crops yields
significantly.

6. HERBICIDE
Herbicide also commonly known as weedkillers, are
substances used to control plants are known as weeds.
herbicide
Selective herbicides
Non-selective
herbicides

7. DISADVATAGES OF HERBICIDE
Mammalian toxicity
Eco toxicity
Weeds become super weeds
Reduced crop yield
Creates soil and air pollution

8. Crop field
weed crop
Destroy
weeds
herbicide
Herbicide is not only destroyed weeds
also the crops
We need herbicide
tolerant plant or
crops

9. HERBICIDE TOLERANT basta

10. HERBICIDE TOLERANT -BASTA
Trade name basta refer to a non selective
herbicide containing the chemical compound
phosphinothricin
Basta herbicide tolerant gene PPT(l-
phosphinothricin) was isolated from Medicago
sativa plant
Inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase which is
involved in ammonia assilimation.

11. AMMONIUM ASSIMILATION
Plant cells rapidly convert the ammonium
genetred from nitrate assimilation or
photorespiration into amino acids
Ammonium amino acid

12. BASTA HERBICIDE
TOLERANT
BASTA
Medicago sativa plant
inhibit glutamine
synthase
weeds crops
Destroyed, yield
increase
Destroyed the crop
means yield will be
decreases
field
herbici
de
tolerant
Basta-
phosphinothrci
n
Ppt gene
introduced in
tobacco
Trangenic plant

13. PPT GENE AND BAR GENE
PPT GENE was introduced into tobacco
transgenic tobacco produce resistant to PPT.
Similar enzyme was isolated from streptomyces
hygroscopicus with bar gene encodes for
PAT(phosphinothrcin acetyl transferase)
PAT was introduced into crop plants like potato
and sugar-beet and transgenic plant have been
developed.

14. HERBICIDE TOLERANT Glyphosate
herbicide

15. GLYPHOSATE HERBICIDE
Produced by Monsanto USA company under the
trade name round up
It is broad spectrum herbicide ,effective
against 76 worlds worst 78 weeds
Less toxic to animals
It is rapidly degraded and short life span

16. Kill plants by blocking the 5- enopyruvate
shikimate 3- phosphate synthase EPSPS
BIOSYNTHESIS OF
AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS AND SECONDARY
METABOLITES